Without checks and balances, the tail is not big and light, and often it will be anti-servant-oriented, not to mention that Rome has many innate deficiencies.
First, the Roman emperor is not an emperor!
1, in fact, the Roman emperor here should be in quotation marks, do you know what its official title is?
Roman emperors are also called emperors? They were not even counted as kings, and the official titles of the early days were consuls, then protectors, and later first citizens. The term "first citizen" later evolved into the Prince of English. It seems that the so-called emperor of Rome was just a later prince.
What you may not know is that Caesar is not the will of the emperor, but his honor, just like what our ancients said about the Ming Gong and the ascension to the throne. Caesar's adopted son, Davidus, after inheriting the throne, had two titles - protector and commander (this word is my translation, which is not the same as the so-called commander-in-chief of Japan and South Korea). The Protector has the final decision-making power and is an upgraded version of the Consul.
Julius Caesar's official position was consul, not to mention the blessing of the Grand Vinus and the Grand Commander. He made his official title first citizen and continued it. He set up the Janissaries, and Octavianus is what we often call Augustus Octavian!
2, the Roman Empire is basically the transmission of the sage (qian) does not pass on the son (qin).
The Roman imperial succession was characterized by a Zen system in the early days and a warlord system in the middle and late periods. This Zen concession system is similar to our Three Emperors and Five Emperors Zen Concession, passed on to relatives and not to sons. Why did the consul and the protector pass it on to the adopted son instead of the son? The main thing is that they are all "not filial piety, no queen is greater", since there is no son, and they do not want to pass the throne to their daughters, they can only choose from their adopted sons.
Caesar passed on to his adopted son (nephew) Octavian, who passed on to his adopted son Tiberius, who had a son but lost his son in middle age. He adopted Germanicus of Augustus blood, but this wise and capable germanicus brother, without this life, died young.
The grief-stricken Tiberius made him think of as "Zhuge Liang",Gaius and his youngest grandson Tiberius the Younger ruled the world.
But who knows, the corpse of the emperor Tiberius was not cold, this Gaius became the Zhao Kuangyin of Rome, and as soon as he joined hands with the Senate, Tiberius was swept into the garbage heap of history, and Gaius was called "Caligula" for this reason. Caligula means little boots, and this little boot kicks people (duowei) with a set, and is completely layman in governing the country.
He first provided high welfare to the people, resulting in raising taxes when he could not make ends meet, and then he increased taxes, plus he was greedy for enjoyment, incompetent in fighting, and had a bad temper, and was eventually killed by his own Janissaries.
Later emperors killed by the Janissaries included Domitian of the Flavian dynasty, emperors of the Severus dynasty, such as El Bajarus, Pupinus, and Balbinus.
After the Roman emperor came to power, it was basically the appearance of five generations of dynasties. Whoever is hard and whoever is poisonous and who is rich is the king. However, in order to become an emperor, in addition to military merit, it is more important to curry favor with the Janissaries class.
This Janissary class slowly became the deposed emperor's vassals under the emperor's "pampering habits", or could be called Wei Bojun. It is said that the president of South Korea is difficult, the emperor of the Roman Empire is much more difficult than the president of Korea, and almost every Roman emperor dies unnaturally, either by suicide or by him! Many of the emperor's deaths were indirectly or even directly related to the Janissaries.
Third, the Roman Janissaries are actually the divine strategy army of the Tang Dynasty!
Octavian set up the Janissaries, much like Zhu Yuanzhang set up the Jinyi Guards, the difference is that Octavian's Janissaries are very stronger than the Jinyi guards. The Janissaries were not only able to carry out special tasks like the Guards of the Golden Guard, but also had the power to be responsible for the security of the court and the suppression of rebellion.
Octavian is brilliant and wise, and Yoon-woo is also very good at balancing and controls the Janissaries well, but some of his successors not only do not have the talent of The Great, but also turn their "bodyguards" into their own "masters".
Just as the Death of the State of Jin at the Hands of the Sixth Qing dynasty cannot be blamed on The Duke wen of Jin, the Roman Emperor's becoming a puppet and even the fish meat of the board cannot be blamed on Octavian, but also on Octavian's adopted son Tiberius.
Octavian set up the Janissaries and divided them into nine divisions and nine generals, who could serve the king and maintain law and order. Kotibiró merged into one headquarters of nine Janissaries scattered throughout the city of Rome, with its large battalion near the royal palace. This is a typical loss move, which is simply He Jin's invitation to Dong Zhuo to enter the palace.
Of course, the combination of nine is not Tiberius's idea but "Dong Zhuo",—Sheyanus. Sheanus's kindness to Tiberius was replaced by Tiberius, but Tiberius was not emperor of Han, and he immediately decided to get rid of Sheanus.
He didn't know that Sheanus was the result of his system of luring wolves into the house, but only that he killed Sheanus with a headache.
Tiberius' successors also involved them in foreign wars, which in turn increased their combat effectiveness and increased their strength.
Tiberius also did a stupid thing, that is, the "emperor's bounty." As the guardians of the imperial palace, the Emperor not only gave them high salaries and high treatment but also gave them a unique emperor's bounty in order to make them actively sell their lives.
Since then, this group of Janissaries has only money in their eyes, and as long as whoever gives more bounty will let whoever is the emperor, and even developed to the point of "hiring a murderer" to replace it. For example, Dietus Ulianus "bought" the throne from the Janissaries, and under the heavy rewards, they were all brave men, and Petinax, who had just succeeded to the throne, was killed by his own Janissaries.
The Roman Empire had such a headache, and the Tang Dynasty was not.
During the Continental Tang Dynasty, don't say that like the Divine Strategy Army of the Roman Janissaries, playing the Tang Emperor in the palm of the hand, even the eunuchs of the Tang Dynasty can force the Emperor to kill and kill the Emperor. The reason why the eunuchs of the Tang Dynasty were so powerful was because they mastered the Divine Strategy Army of the Gongwei Jing Division. The Shen Ce Army was originally used to defend the emperor and deter local military leaders, but unexpectedly became the boss of the Tang Emperor.
Why didn't the emperor of the Han Dynasty have such a problem?
The emperor of the Han Dynasty was a typical family world, the emperor almost did not have the problem of bad death, and the loyalty of the civilian generals was very high.
The emperor of the Han Dynasty was the real emperor, unlike the Roman emperor, who had the constraints of the Janissaries, the Senate, and the heads of the local armies. The emperor of the Han Dynasty had the princely arch guard on the top, the support of the local military leaders under it, and there was no senate, until the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, when the local military leaders rose. The Janissaries of the Han Dynasty were then known as the Yulin Army, which is also known as the Yulin Army in novels and films.
These armies, though powerful, were few in number to less than 1,800 men, and they were divided into two horses, left and right. These Yulin armies were also under the leadership of the Southern Army, which covered the southern part of Chang'an City and Weiyang Palace. In addition to the Yulin Army, the troops stationed at Weiyang Palace alone included the Qimen, Suwei, and Honor Guards, and their number was almost twice that of the Yulin Army.
The commanders of the Yulin Army did not have much power, and they were balanced by the Southern army and the northern army, and they were balanced by the Qimen, Su Wei, and honor guards, and they could not make any big waves. It was the eight lieutenants set up by Emperor Wu of Han, and their strength was strong and they could not make any waves. The eight lieutenants can divide power, the second has the balance of the north and south armies, and they are selected from the sons of the great clan and the nobles like the Yulin Army. In this way, their loyalty was high, and those large clans and nobles were almost equivalent to hostages when they were officials in the dynasty.
The key is that the emperor of the Han Dynasty has a lot of power, especially the inner dynasty established by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the power is monopolized, and those who dare to commit crimes are basically exterminated, so neither the Yulin Army nor the Eight Lieutenants dare to have a disobedient heart, not to mention that their treatment is also very good.
However, even so, during the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, there was still an incident of the death of the head of the Yulin Army. After the incident was the scourge of the witches, Ma Tong, who supported Emperor Wu of Han, worried that Emperor Wu of Han had to settle the account after the autumn in order to avenge the prince's revenge. As a waiter (not later a shilang, that is, a personal officer on the emperor's side), he and his brother Ma Anchengli almost caused emperor Wu of Han to die young. Ma Tong and Ma Ancheng's acts of death made them pay the price of extermination.
The Roman Janissaries died without stiffness
At the beginning of the 4th century AD, the lustful and powerful Roman Janissaries were swept into the garbage heap by Constantine the Great. However, these Janissaries in Tsarist Russia in the Third Rome still appeared from time to time, and whenever they had the opportunity, they would actively participate in the abolition of the emperor.
Of course, their bounties were not only less than the highest annual 7250 pence in the Roman period (Julianus bought the throne, and the 7500 pence promised by Garba was a white strip), but even the lowest 250 pence in the Roman period (Octavian, Severus). Peter I as we know him, the rise to the throne, and the abolition of his sister Sophia are all related to the Janissaries of Tsarist Russia. The most unfortunate is the Tsar, the last emperor of Tsarist Russia, Nicholas II, betrayed himself even in 1917, which is probably the last appearance of the Janissaries and the last "madness" of the Janissaries.