Hu Shahu, a Jurchen, was a very famous powerful minister of the Jin Dynasty. In 1168, Hu Shahu served as the guard of the Crown Prince of Jinguo, and later became the Prince's Servant and Gong Weizhi Commander. Hu Shahu was also punished in 1193 for beating the bartender. In 1197, Hu Shahu was appointed as the Privy CouncilLor, during which Jin Zhangzong ordered him to follow the chancellor Yan Xiang on a campaign, hu Shahu did not intend to go, so he played a song to indicate that he had a festival with Yan Xiang, and That Yan Xiang wanted to use this opportunity to kill him. However, Jin Zhangzong was angry at his lack of words and changed him to the post of YongdingJun Jiedushi.
In October 1206, Hu Shahu captured Huaiyin in the war against the Song Dynasty, led an army to besiege Chuzhou, and moved the marshal Zuo Jianjun. Soon, the Southern Song Dynasty invited envoys from houhu to the southwest road and moved to Xijing to garrison. In 1211, when the Mongols attacked the Jin Dynasty, Hu Shahu led 7,000 Ming soldiers to meet the Mongol army in the northern part of Ding'an, but during the period they fled, leaving the Jin army without a commander-in-chief and collapsing. When Hu Shahu arrived in Weizhou, he took 5,000 taels of official silver and supplies without authorization, and after Zijing Passed, he killed Laishui County Ling.
However, after Hu Shahu came to Zhongdu, the imperial court did not punish him, but instead promoted him to the rank of Right Deputy Marshal and Quan Shangshu Zuo Cheng, which also made Hu Shahu more fearless. In the first month of 1212, Hu Shahu requested to be moved elsewhere, and the document to Shangshu Province actually stated that it could not resist the Mongol army, which also caused dissatisfaction in the imperial court, so he was removed from his post. However, a year later, Hu Shahu was recalled by the imperial court to discuss military affairs.
Later, the Mongol army was getting closer and closer to Zhongdu, and Hu Shahu, as the right deputy marshal, did not prepare for the battle against the Mongol attack, but took people to hunt harriers and hunt in the fields every day, neglecting military affairs, and after Yan Yongji knew about it, he sent emissaries to the Hushahu army camp to rebuke him. At that time, Hu Shahu was feeding the harriers, and after hearing the emperor's accusations, he was extremely dissatisfied, so he grabbed a harrier from the cage and threw it hard into the ground, and the harrier died there on the spot.
At that time, Hu Shahu had already shown signs of rebellion, and after the emissaries reported his words and deeds, Yan Yongji did not take sanctions against Hu Shahu. Hu Shahu saw that the emperor was weak and deceitful, and the country was invaded by the Mongol army, so he thought it was a good time. After a conspiracy, Hu Shahu attacked Zhongdu in two directions on the night of August 25, 1213, and Hu Shahu deceived the city gates and killed the generals who were defending the city with a plan, and took their troops into their own hands. Then he led the army to surround the palace, and when he reached the Donghua Gate, he saw that the gate was closed. Hu Shahu ordered someone to call for the door, but the doorman did not open the door when he learned of the mystery.
Hu Shahu then ordered the army to burn the Donghua Gate, and the guards fled when they saw this situation, so he ordered his men to smash the big lock and rush in, disbanded the Janissaries, and replaced them with his own army. At this time, Hu Shahu asked the Ministry of Rites to order Shi Zhanghaoli to cast a large seal of the Marshal of the Supervision State for him. As a result, Zhang Haoli refused his rude request and asked for death. Later, Hu Shahu had no choice but to drive Zhang Haoli away. After the next day, Hu Shahu sent an army to expel Yan Yongji from the palace gate and escort him to the Wei Shao palace under house arrest, and Hu Shahu immediately sent someone to the inner palace to get the emperor's jade seal. Later, Lady Zheng, who only saw the seal, refused to hand over the jade seal to Hu Shahu, and his subordinates had no choice but to report to Hu Shahu, and later Hu Shahu personally came to Lady Zheng's side and went forward to grab it. Lady Zheng suddenly stood up with her hands high and held the jade seal high, and wanted to smash the jade seal, but Hu Shahu did not dare to go forward after seeing this situation.
In the end, Hu Shahu ordered the people to find another golden seal engraved with the "Treasure of Declaring Destiny" in the palace, falsely passing on the emperor's holy will, and sealing all his subordinates as high-ranking officials. Immediately after that, Hu Shahu sent people into the Shao King's Mansion to kill Yan Yongji. After the emperor's death, Hu Shahu planned to ascend the throne as emperor, but the disciple Shan Yi at that time advised the emperor of the Jin Kingdom that the emperor had always been the Emperor of the Yan clan, and even if he became emperor, he would not be able to win the hearts and minds of the people of the Jin Dynasty. Hu Shahu listened to Tu Shanyi's advice and sent people to take Yan Xun back to the imperial court and proclaim him the new Emperor of the Jin Dynasty, known as Jin Xuanzong.