Many parents are very concerned about when their children will go and when they will speak, but few parents pay attention to what the baby's small hands can do.
In fact, the little hand is the medium through which the baby explores the world.
The baby's entertainment, daily life, and even reading and learning are inseparable from this pair of small hands.
Imagine if there is a baby in these scenes:
√ go to the early education center, the baby plays Lego no one else fast, the coloring is not good, the puzzle is not as dexterous as other children;
√ babies of the same age can eat and dress on their own, my baby spoon is not good, chopsticks will not be used, zippers will not be pulled, shoelaces will not be tied, buttons are crooked;
√ other children can use pens to doodle, my baby pen is unstable, people can write their own names after reading kindergarten, my baby numbers are written crookedly.
。。。。。。
As a result, many parents feel that their babies are not smart.
In fact, the reason for the above situation is likely to be because the flexibility of the fingers is not the same, and the fine motor development of the baby's small hands is different, and there are different performances.
So what exactly is the fine movement of the small hand, and why does the fine movement of the small hand have such an important role in the growth of the baby?
The teachers of the Rehabilitation Department will unveil the mystery of fine movement.
What is fine motion
Refers to the action completed by the small muscle group of the hand and finger, such as the baby's small hand to make the action of "grasping, pinching, patting, twisting, tearing";
It also refers to the ability of the baby's fingers to operate, including finger movements, wrist strength, hand-eye brain coordination, two-hand coordination and grip strength;
In addition, the completion of fine movements also requires the cooperation of the baby's perception, attention and other aspects of psychological activities.
The importance of fine movements for your baby's growth
After seeing the true face of fine movement, parents should also understand that in fine motor training, the baby can:
1. In the process of developing the function of the small hand, by looking, touching and grasping objects of different textures and weights, the development of perception is promoted
2. In the process of operating the toy, improve the baby's attention and hand-eye coordination ability, which can further promote the baby's brain development
Not only that, fine movement is closely related to the development of your baby's daily living ability:
1. From brushing teeth, washing face, changing clothes to eating, writing, housework, games, etc., all of them do not need to be done with the use of hands.
2. From infancy, we develop the ability of small muscles from exploring what is around us.
Tips: From birth to age 6 is an important stage in the development of young children's small muscles, and will directly affect children's performance in self-care, play and classroom learning (e.g. writing) later in life.
Milestones in the development of fine motor
The development of fine motor can be divided into milestones in three age stages:
Infancy and early childhood from birth to three years of age
Early childhood from three to five years old
Pre-school preparation period for the ages of five to six
At the milestone of each age stage, the small muscle development of young children has a representative activity function, and parents can check the situation of their own children and compare them:
1. Five-month-old infants can reach in the direction of the toy with both hands and hold the toy handle with their hands.
2. For seven months, you can use the first three fingers to pinch and pass the toy between your hands.
3. From nine months to one year old, you can pick up the small cake with the first two fingers to eat.
4. Build 2-3 blocks in march, hold the pen in your hand, and spontaneously scribble.
5. One and a half years old with 3-4 blocks, a few pages and a few pages to turn the book, with a small rope to wear large beads or large button holes, can use spice spoons to put food in the mouth.
6. Two years old with 6-7 blocks, imitation drawing vertical lines.
7. Two and a half years old with 8-9 blocks, imitation of drawing horizontal lines and cross lines, will wear pants, socks and casual shoes, unbuttoned.
8. Three-year-olds with 9-10 blocks, can copy the "circle" and cross: will wear beads, tie buttons, pour water into the cup.
9. Children aged four to five can operate scissors to cut out squares.
10. Children aged five to six can use the first three fingers to copy Chinese words; they can flexibly operate different stationery and eating utensils.
Which behavioral manifestations imply poor development of fine motor
Although the delicate motor development of the baby is so important, in real life, it is difficult for parents without professional knowledge to determine how fine the baby's development is.
Therefore, the teachers of the rehabilitation department have sorted out some common clinical situations that are easy to be ignored by mothers, and if the baby has these conditions, parents must pay attention to them:
1. The three-month-old baby can not reach out to touch or grasp the toy when lying down, put the toy in the baby's hand, keep the grip for a short time, or directly refuse to hold the toy.
2.6-8 months old babies can not grab toys in the sitting position, can not exchange toys in their hands, can not let the toys touch each other, make a sound.
3.9-12 months old babies can not use the thumb to pinch small steamed bun size items and put them in their mouths.
4. 1 year old - 1 and a half years old baby can not hold a pen scribble, can not eat with a spoon.
5. 2-year-old babies can not pull their own clothes zipper, can not take the initiative to participate when dressing, can not take off their shoes and socks, their own hands to hold the cup to drink water leaks more, can not control the amount of water.
6. 2 and a half years old baby can not wear their own cardigans, pants, can not wear their own shoes and socks, can not draw horizontal lines, vertical lines, defecation can not show.
7. 3-year-old babies can not unbutton their own clothes, can not use scissors to cut paper, can not use children's chopsticks to eat.
Q: Teacher, I followed your example above and found that my baby could not complete some operations, is it better to practice more
There are many factors that affect the development of fine movements, and it is necessary to analyze the reasons why the baby cannot complete the fine movements and carry out targeted exercises.
Blind practice not only does not help your baby improve existing problems, but it may also delay the best time for your baby's treatment.
Factors influencing the development of fine motor
1. Visual perception: the ability to freely control eye movements is completed about 6 months after birth. Visual function develops first, approaching adulthood around the age of about 1 year, and then guides the development of fine motor abilities.
2. Hand-eye coordination ability: the coordination of fine movements in visual coordination marks the maturity of development.
3. Cognitive ability: Cognitive ability will appear motivation, what to do, so as to use both hands to manipulate objects and complete action plans.
4. Sensory input: Feeling is too dull or sensitive, the former leads to clumsy movements, the latter leads to reluctance to take items, resisting everything with hands and other skin contact.
5. Posture control: The instability of the trunk and pelvis, the abnormal posture and movement pattern of the upper limbs and hands affect the reach, grasp and release.
6. Abnormal muscle function: high and low muscle tone often lead to the failure of any link from the grasping action to the placement of the building blocks, and it is impossible to fully plan.
7. Caregiver: often pay more attention to the health of the baby, more consideration of the safety of the baby, so that too much protection, resulting in less opportunity for hand exploration, affecting motor development.