In 1949, when the People's Liberation Army captured Nanjing, Chen Shiyu, who was leading the Eighth Corps, was talking with the commander of the 35th Army, Wu Huawen, and the political commissar He Kexi.
At this moment, suddenly a jeep stopped in front of them, and out of the car came a young woman dressed in a cheongsam and with an elegant temperament.
He walked over to He Kexi, the political commissar of the 30th Army, and shouted softly: "Old Ho! ”
He Kexi immediately said excitedly, "It's you." Comrade Chen Xiuliang! We finally met, we will be teachers! ””
He Kexi immediately pulled the woman to Chen Shiyu and said, "Report Commander Chen, this is Comrade Chen Xiuliang, secretary of the Nanjing Underground Party Committee of the CPC!" We were all members of the New Fourth Army before, and we fought guerrilla warfare in the Meiling area in those years. Later, she was sent to Nanjing to form an underground party, and we haven't seen each other for many years! ”
Chen Shiyu immediately shook her hand and said, "I really didn't expect that the leader of the underground party who helped my army cross the river to liberate Nanjing turned out to be a gentle and elegant little girl!" ”
"Commander Chen, I know your name, I know that you led a large army to liberate Nanjing, and we haven't slept well these days, so we are looking forward to this day!"
"Without the assistance of the Nanjing underground party, we could not have liberated this ancient city so quickly and so cleanly. Especially those small steamers that transport the People's Liberation Army, without them we might still be fighting the enemy in Nanjing! ”
"Commander Chen has passed the award, and we have only done the work we should have done, and we are still far from the party's requirements!"
In fact, Chen Xiuliang has done a lot, she is a truly remarkable person.
In Nanjing, where there are many military and police, in the heart of the Kuomintang regime, she was able to install and develop underground CCP members in both the army, navy, air force and the police force.
Even in such extremely important institutions as the Secret Service, the Department of Defense, and the U.S. Military Advisory Corps, she developed and installed people.
It takes more than courage but wisdom.
It is precisely because of the courage and strategy of the UNDERground Party in Nanjing headed by Chen Xiuliang that a large amount of top-secret military intelligence has been gathered into the hands of the combat troops crossing the river through various channels: the military deployment map along the Beijing-Shanghai-Hangzhou route, the situation of the closure of bridgeheads on the north bank of the Yangtze River, the quantity table of ammunition storage and transportation of the Jiangning Fortress, the Beijing-Shanghai-Hangzhou operational policy and the deployment of troops, and so on.
Without these pioneering work done by the Nanjing underground party, the difficulties and troubles that the troops crossing the river would have to face would have more troubles and would have increased a large number of casualties. Their work is irreplaceable and very important.
At that time, many people in the army showed a certain contempt and neglect for the comrades working in the underground party, and they even had doubts about the position and origin of the members of the underground party, believing that they were influenced by the bourgeois way of life and no longer belonged to their comrades.
Some even sent people to track down these underground party comrades to see if they were sending intelligence to the enemy.
Chen Shiyu criticized this kind of confused thinking many times, telling the soldiers: "Anyone can fight a war, and if the comrades of the underground party come to the army, everyone will be good!" But if we want our comrades in the army to do underground work, you may not be able to do it! Fighting a war only requires bravery, but it is useless to be brave in engaging in underground work, and it is also necessary to have wisdom and strategy, and having courage and strategy will absolutely mess up the party's cause! ”
Chen Xiuliang was born in 1907 in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, his father died early, and his mother was a woman with a strong anti-feudal consciousness who had long helped the early party organizations in Ningbo economically, so Chen Xiuliang was deeply influenced.
In 1924, she went to Ningbo Women's Normal School to study, actively participated in the student movement, joined the Communist Youth League in 1926, transferred to the Communist Party in 1927, and later served as Xiang Jingyu's secretary. He later studied at Sun Yat-sen University in Moscow, returned to China in 1930 as secretary of the All-China Seafarers' Federation of Trade Unions, and in July 1932, married Sha Wenhan, then director of the Youth Work Department of the Jiangsu Provincial Committee of the Communist Youth League.
After that, he successively served as the secretary of the Women's Committee of the Jiangsu Provincial Party Committee, the deputy secretary of the Party Committee of the Central China Party School, the chief editor of the Xinhua Daily of the Central China Bureau, the director of the Nanjing Work Department of the Central China Branch, the secretary of the Nanjing Municipal Party Committee, and the director of the Organization Department.
In 1946, at a base of the New Fourth Army in Huai'an, Jiangsu Province, Tan Zhenlin found Chen Xiuliang, analyzed to her that the Kuomintang-Communist negotiations might break down and civil war might soon break out, stressed the importance of underground work, and said: "The Kuomintang army has begun to attack central China, and the party organization has decided to establish the Nanjing Municipal Party Committee, with Comrade Chen Xiuliang as the underground secretary of the municipal party committee. ”
Chen Xiuliang was not prepared for this task, but he was also well aware of the arduousness of it, and Nanjing was the center of Kuomintang rule and had always been in the midst of white terror.
At that time, there were tens of thousands of agents of the Kuomintang military unification and the Central Unification in Nanjing alone, and the whole city of Nanjing was full of dangers, and the eyes of the Kuomintang were everywhere.
On the other hand, there are only 220 underground party members in Nanjing who are struggling hard. A total of eight secretaries of the Nanjing Municipal CPC Committee of our party made heroic sacrifices.
Tan Zhenlin continued: "Considering that you have worked in the white area for a long time in the past, you have a lot of experience. During your tenure as minister of the Nanjing Work Department, you gained some understanding of the nanjing underground party and the situation in various aspects. So you're the most suitable.
In addition, Nanjing was the capital of the Kuomintang and was more important politically than Shanghai. The Nanjing Municipal Party Committee is still under the leadership of the Central China City Ministry of Works and cannot contact the CPC delegation in Nanjing.
The Nanjing CPC delegation headed by Comrade Zhou Enlai is an open organ representing the CPC Central Committee and does higher-level work, while the Urban Work Department mainly does secret intelligence work. Your urban work department should first send a group of cadres to Nanjing, and you should lead them in a unified manner. Your task is to demand peace, oppose civil war, and build a new China. ”
Chen Xiuliang accepted this task:
"I resolutely obey the organizational arrangement!"
Chen Xiuliang, who accepted the task of the party organization, immediately came to Nanjing and began his work.
Lu Boming
Chen Xiuliang successively established an intelligence system with Lu Boming as the head of the municipal party committee: in 1948, he also specially established a counter-insurgency system headed by Sha Wenwei (Sha Wenhan's younger brother). Both systems communicate through her and report directly to the CCP in Shanghai.
Sha Wenhan was born in 1908 in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, the third of the Five Masters of the Sha clan. He joined the Communist Party in April 1925.
In 1926, he returned to his hometown to engage in the peasant movement, and in 1928, he went to Shanghai to study at the East Asia Tongwen Academy.
He served as the secretary of the Fanan District Committee of the Communist Youth League. In 1929, he went to Lenin College for further study, and in 1930 he returned to China and was transferred to the Ministry of Workers of the Jiangsu Provincial Committee of the Communist Youth League
Shanghai Federation of Trade Unions
Minister of Youth Workers, engaged in the secret trade union movement. In the spring of 1937, he became a member of the Shanghai Provisional Working Committee of the Communist Party of China and participated in the preparations for the reconstruction of the Shanghai Party organization. After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japan, he served as the director of the Propaganda Department of the Jiangsu Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, and in the spring of 1940 he served as the acting secretary of the Jiangsu Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China. In 1943, he was ministered to the Ministry of Urban Works. During the Liberation War, he successively served as the director of the Urban Work Department of the Central China Branch of the Communist Party of China.
Shanghai Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China
He is also the director of the Propaganda Department and the director of the United Front Work Department, and is in charge of the underground work in Nanjing and Hangzhou. In the autumn of 1948, he also served as the Shanghai Bureau
Formulate
Deputy Secretary of the Committee.
Sha Shi Wujie:
boss
Sha Menghai
Is a famous calligrapher, revered as a contemporary calligraphy hero; Dude
Chavan asks
He was the secretary general of the Guangzhou Youth League Municipal Committee, and died in Honghuagang, Guangzhou in 1928; Old Four,
Sha Wenwei hid in the Kuomintang stronghold for 18 years as a Kuomintang commissioner
; Old five
Sha Ji Tong
is a revolutionary artist,
He is also Xu Beihong's proud protégé.
Once, by chance, Chen Xiuliang saw the name of "Wang Weiheng, director of the organization department" from the old roster of the Zhuji County CPC Committee, which reminded her of a senior official who was recently transferred to the Kuomintang United Service Military and Political Department, also named Wang Weiheng.
After Sha Wenwei went to see it, he came back and said that the two people were the same person, and after the failure of the Zhuji Uprising, he was separated, and he became Hu Zongnan's quartermaster and had been out of contact with the party for more than ten years. Coincidentally, Sha Wenwei still knew him, and Chen Xiuliang immediately asked him to contact Wang Weiheng.
After Sha Wenwei met Wang Weiheng, the two talked for more than an hour, and finally when Sha Wenwei asked him if he would like to do something for the party, he got a positive answer.
Wang Weiheng
In Wang Weiheng's drawer there was a lot of top-secret information on the kuomintang Hu zong's south that our party and our army urgently needed. It includes the roster of commanders of the Kuomintang army at and above the division level, the deployment of troops, and the comprehensive list of army weapons.
Later, Wang Weiheng also transmitted a large amount of information on the mobilization and number of troops of the Kuomintang troops, the headquarters station, and the concentration of military supplies to the underground radio station of the Shanghai Bureau through Sha Wenwei and reported it to the Central Military Commission.
This military intelligence was exactly the same as on the battlefield, which greatly annoyed Gu Zhutong, and he asked Chen Cheng incomprehensibly: "What the hell is going on, why is yan'an more accurate in the deployment of our army than ours?" ”
In addition, Chen Xiuliang also "plotted against" Yu Bo, a pilot of the Eighth Brigade of the Kuomintang Air Force bombers.
On December 16, 1948, Yu Bo also flew a B-24 heavy bomber over the Nanjing Presidential Palace, bombed Chiang Kai-shek's Presidential Palace, dropped three huge bombs, and then flew north and landed at Shijiazhuang Airport.
Chen Xiuliang was not satisfied with this victory, and she set her sights on the Most Advanced Cruiser of the Kuomintang Navy, the Chongqing.
Chen Xiuliang, through an underground agent aboard the Chongqing, united more people in the early morning of February 25, 1949.
After that, Chen Xiuliang and others successfully "plotted a rebellion" against Wang Yanqing, commander of the Kuomintang Nanjing Capital Guard Division.
The "mutiny" of one fierce general after another greatly annoyed Chiang Kai-shek and Gu Zhutong, who demanded "rapid destruction of the nanjing underground party!" ”
In addition, Chen Xiuliang and others also planned the Jiangning Fortress and the 431 Radio Uprising.
All this played a huge role in the liberation of Nanjing.
Before the Battle of the Crossing River, Chen Xiuliang and others collected important intelligence materials such as Tang Enbo's intelligence contents, including the "Military Layout Map along the Beijing-Shanghai-Shanghai-Hangzhou Route" and the "Jiangning Fortress Ammunition Storage, Transportation, and Quantity Table." From the Kuomintang headquarters, the "1948 Kuomintang Reserve Force" and important information on police equipment were collected.
After the liberation of Nanjing, Chen Xiuliang has been doing great work, after the founding of New China, Chen Xiuliang and her husband Sha Wenhan are both in high positions, Chen Xiuliang is the first female secretary, and Sha Wenhan is the first governor of Zhejiang.