When watching historical materials or some related film and television dramas, we will always find some problems, there will always be some relatively strong women in history, such as Empress Dowager Cixi during the Qing Dynasty, when strong women intervene in politics, it is easy to influence the emperor with their own opinions, at this time, the emperor is very difficult to decide the problem.
However, no matter what happens, there always needs to be someone to decide, so when there is a conflict, which is more effective, the emperor's holy will or the empress's will? Whose will is it right to carry out?
Classification of wills in the Royal Palace
In the imperial palace, no matter what it is, it is hierarchical, and even the will is very clearly classified, which is divided into the following three categories according to the different identities of the person who issued the will:
The will issued by the emperor is, of course, the most often heard of the holy will, the holy will is mainly in the form of edicts, edicts, pardons, book making and other forms of communication, in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the general emperor issued the holy will, are "Fengtian transport, the emperor (edict, edict, pardon, system) this classic opening sentence began.
Of course, in addition to the holy will, the emperor can also use oral forms such as "royal approval" in some informal occasions, which is mainly the emperor's writing of some instructions on a small piece of paper with a Zhu pen, although it is not a very formal form, but the emperor speaks, has always been a golden mouth, no joke, even if it is an oral form of "royal approval", it still has a strong effect.
Usually at the end of the Holy Will or some "Royal Approval", the Emperor will add a special sentence of "Qin this" to prevent someone from secretly compiling and adding the rest of the content after the Holy Will, after all, the Emperor is a gentleman, the horse is difficult to chase, once it is changed by people with ulterior motives, the problem is much more serious.
After the emperor comes down, it is the will of the empress dowager and the empress, generally the will of the empress dowager and the empress is called "Yi Will", in peacetime, when the empress or the empress has any instructions, it will be conveyed in the form of "Yi Will", as for who is more authoritative, I will continue to analyze in detail below.
After the empress dowager and the empress, it is the will of the imperial concubine, the crown prince and the prince, which is usually called the "decree", generally in the usual time when the imperial concubine, the crown prince and the prince want to issue the will, it will use the form of "order", but it is obvious that the order is generally not as authoritative as the holy will and the will, after all, the status of the imperial concubine, the crown prince and the prince is not as high as that of the emperor, the empress, and the empress.
However, there have also been some special historical periods in history, such as the Ming Dynasty, after Zhu Qizhen was captured because he went to attack Vala, in order to ensure that the Ming Dynasty could continue to operate normally, a group of ministers, mainly Yu Qian and others, suggested that Empress Sun let Zhu Qiyu temporarily replace Zhu Qizhen as emperor.
Before Zhu Qizhen became emperor, he conveyed his will as a prince and a overseer, and the will at this time was conveyed in the form of an edict, and it was not until he finally became emperor that he conveyed his will in the form of a holy will, which could not mess up the system.
Whoever decides, the will, the will, and the will
After explaining the three forms of will above, I think it is actually easier for people to understand a problem, purely from a formal point of view, there is no doubt that among the three, it is the holy will as the honor, the will and the order as a supplement, in other words, in the usual process of conveying the will, it is generally based on the holy will, and the holy will is the most authoritative form of conveying the will in the palace, which is higher than the will and the order.
However, many rules and regulations in history, we can not simply analyze from the form, just like the emperor will become a puppet many times, the emperor's son of heaven to make the ministers of the princes abound in history, whether it is Dong Zhuo, or Cao Cao, although they are not emperors on the surface, but the emperor's real power is already in their hands, at this time, of course, what they say counts, the emperor's holy will is only a form of conveying their will.
In the same way, when the imperial concubine, the crown prince or the prince were stronger than the emperor, the emperor's holy will was not authoritative, for example, in the Qing Dynasty Dolgun period, the emperor's holy will was obviously not as authoritative as the dorgon order, and when Zhu Qiyu supervised the country during the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Qiyu's decree naturally worked more than the emperor's holy will.
In addition, in history, there are more authoritative things about the orders of the imperial concubines, such as in the Ming Dynasty, there was a conflict between the eunuch Feng Bao, the eunuch of the Imperial Household, and the first assistant of the cabinet, Feng Bao took the opportunity to win over the birth mother of the Ming Dynasty, and Li Guifei, who was then and belonged to the imperial concubine, issued an order to call the high arch to enter the palace the next day, and the high arch could not refuse, and finally after entering the palace, it was eradicated by Feng Bao and others.
Even the decrees of princes, imperial concubines, and others, in some special historical backgrounds, authority can transcend the holy will, not to mention the will of the empress dowager and the empress, and there are countless things in history in which the authority of the will exceeds the holy will.
For example, when Wu Zetian of the Tang Dynasty was in power but did not claim the title of emperor, although his sons Li Xian and Li Dan were emperors, all major and minor matters must ultimately obey the decision of Empress Wu Zetian.
There is also the end of the Qing Dynasty Cixi took power, whether it is Tongzhi or Guangxu, although gui is the emperor, but their holy will does not have much authority at all, Guangxu in order to regain their power, but also specially with Cixi to carry out a contest, such as the Pengshu change is the best contest between Guangxu and Cixi for power, but in the end Guangxu failed, Cixi still has the upper hand.
In such a special historical period, it can be said that the emperor's holy will basically does not have much authority, if you are slightly disobedient, the empress dowager can not only abolish you, but even find ways to kill the emperor, in such a situation, the general emperor is very self-aware, obediently listen to the empress's opinion.
From the perspective of historical reality, it can be said that whether it is the holy will, the will of Yi or the will of the order, there is the same law, that is, who holds the great power, who speaks counts, the emperor holds the great power, the emperor's holy will is the most authoritative, the prince or the imperial concubine holds the great power, then the prince and the imperial concubine's decree are the most authoritative, if the empress dowager holds the power, then the empress dowager's will is the most authoritative.
epilogue
History is based on reality, although only from a formal point of view, when the holy will and the will of the emperor are in conflict, it is correct to carry out the will of the emperor, but in reality, often many times, the real power of the empress or empress surpasses the emperor, so that when the holy will and the will of the empress are in conflict, everyone can only carry out the will of the empress or the empress, which is really helpless, but behind these helpless events, it also tells us an eternal and unchangeable truth: make yourself strong, It is the king of survival!
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