Li Yanxian (李彦仙), courtesy name Shaoyan , is Li Xiaozhong (李孝忠). The Pengyuan people of Ningzhou (present-day Ning County, Gansu) later migrated to Gongzhou (present-day Longxi, Gansu). Famous general in the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, national hero, two Song Dynasty 5 large-scale tragic city offensive and defensive battles: the host of the Battle of Shaanzhou City, after the city was destroyed after the bullets ran out of food and no reinforcements, Li Yanxian only had half a life left to escape the day, heard that the Jin people slaughtered Shaanzhou City, and resolutely threw themselves into the river and died!
Battle of Chuzhou City
Before talking about this hero today, the author Jun and the officials talked about the background atmosphere of Jing Kang's shame:
Future generations look at history, that is all from the perspective of God, but if you really go back, do you really think that with the history of your prophets, you can kill all sides and sweep away the six and eight wildernesses?
Who gave you the courage? Is it Liang Moumou, or does he feel good about himself? Little innocence!
The author Jun can responsibly say that if you really want to go back to the era of Jingkang's shame, more than 96% of people can't live for half a month, don't be unconvinced, remove the problem of language barriers, and other practical problems:
1. Jianghu rumors: Jurchen is dissatisfied with Wan, full of invincible, don't look at Han Shizhong, Wu Jiu, Yue Fei, playing gold is the same as playing, but just a few of them, change other people to try it?
2. Zhao Shuo, although he is a frivolous person who plays art, but people are also people who have mastered two hands with bow horses, one-on-one PK single-handed, do not blow or black you really can't beat him; Zhao Shuo After Jing Kang's shame, the old and young masters of the family, women and children were all captured by the Jin people, leaving him alone with a bare pole, who dared to go to the Jin camp to play negotiations, can you?
3. You have a map field of view, understand who is loyal and who is treacherous, and can recruit talents to play a wave of farming? Do you have the money to pay living expenses to civil and military officials? In the years of Jing Kang's shame, monetary inflation, have you thought about it?
4. Give you time, can you flip against the wind? Who gave you that big face? Is it the Golden Man, or are you passionate? With hot blood is useless, after the Jin people were humiliated by Jing Kang, they found that Zhao Shuo established the Southern Song Dynasty again, and immediately invaded the south, but you also found that Zhao Shuo ran away and escaped a disaster, you think that the Jin people don't want to kill Zhao Shuo, is the concubine can't do it, for Mao?
5. In the three main battlefields of the Southern Song Dynasty, in addition to zhang jun's living banner, in addition to the four generals of ZTE, there are countless lonely heroes who can sing and cry, and play with the Jin people to die!
A good seaman is known by bad weather
In the first year of Jing Kang (1126 AD), the Jin people attacked Kaifeng, and all over the country qin wang, Li Xiaozhong led 3,000 people into the capital, at this moment, he was already a lieutenant under the command of the famous northwest generals, and he had several military achievements.
The Jin army surrounded Taiyuan, and Li Gang was appointed by Emperor Qinzong of Song to take charge of the military defense of Hebei, and Li Xiaozhong immediately wrote to the emperor saying: Li Gang does not understand military affairs, and he cannot do this job. Then, because he had crossed the level and spoken, he was said to be guilty, and had to flee, and changed his name to Li Yanxian.
Subsequently, in the Battle of Taiyuan, Li Gang commanded unfavorably, and 100,000 Western troops buried their bones in Taiyuan City.
In 1127 AD, the "Shame of Jingkang" allowed the Jurchens to obtain unlimited wealth, but also let them see the fragility of the Central Plains Dynasty, and they set their sights on the Guanzhong region with the hegemonic spirit of the king, planning to occupy Sichuan and Shaanxi, and then go down the river to destroy the Southern Song Dynasty.
In the same year, Wang Xie, the "invincible general" who was coaxed by cowhide, heard that the Jin people were coming again, and he spread his feet and ran away, Shaanzhou fell, and the land of Sichuan and Shaanxi was instantly covered with war clouds.
In the southern song dynasty, the exchange of information with the imperial court was not smooth, and the generals supported the soldiers and respected themselves, and bandits, deserters, and refugees were the characteristic products of this era.
Li Yanxian was loyal and courageous, first joined the Hedong Army to become a lieutenant, after the fall of Hedong, he went to Shaanzhou, Li Mi was zhizhou, took the opportunity to consult the defense of the northwest, and was left as a general to guard the pond.
Subsequently, the Jin people attacked Fenjing without sparing, fan Zhixuan commanded the remaining troops in Shaanxi after the Battle of Taiyuan, and cobbled together 100,000 people from the east and west, and went to Qinwang with all his blood; Li Yanxian saw that this army, but a ragtag crowd, would definitely not be able to defeat the Jin people, so he made a suggestion: A small number of elite troops should go first, and the large troops should remain in Shaanzhou as a reserve, and if the elite troops were undefeated in the face of the enemy, they could break the enemy by throwing in a large force.
Fan Zhixuan was a literati and lacked practical combat experience with the Jin people, although he felt that What Li Yanxian said was reasonable, but he was also a person who wanted face, how could he listen to Li Yanxian's advice?
There was a wave of disturbances in this place: first from Tongguan, then from Wuguan in southeastern Shaanxi, out of Nanyang, this road is not good to go and have to hurry, the generals of the whole army are tired, the army has just arrived at Qianqiu Town (now Qianqiu Road Street, Yima City), and heard that Bieliang was attacked by the Jin people.
Before he could return to God, he met Yan Lou and was taught a lesson in minutes, and the consequences of this defeat were beyond everyone's imagination: the whole of Shaanxi was in a state of near vacuum.
Seeing this situation, without saying, Yan Lou fully demonstrated his qualities and style as a famous general in the Golden Kingdom, and his life went directly to the peak: sweeping the Invincible Hand of Kansai, in the end, if it were not for Quduan and Wu Jie, the entire Kansai would have fallen!
Battle of Sanzui mountain
In the first year of Jianyan (1127 AD), in April, the Jin people attacked Shaanzhou, which is today's Sanmenxia area in Henan, which is the only way for the Central Plains to enter the Guanzhong Plain, if this place is taken by the Jin people, or that sentence: The Southern Song Dynasty Yangtze River natural danger does not exist, and the Southern Song Dynasty becomes history in minutes.
When he first heard that the Jin people were coming, many generals ran away, and Li Yanxian was an official in Shaanzhou at that time, holding on to the Three Hills as a lieutenant of Shi Trench (in present-day Jiaoshi Township, Shaanxi), and the local villagers gathered under his banner.
Li Yanxian said: "I am not from this county, and I have lived here for generations like you. Now I am still trying to protect the land, and if you do not do your best, then the Golden People will kill you. ”
Li Yanxian, from the beginning, was a light rod commander, who was able to become an army by recruiting volunteers, retraining, and at the same time building a cottage to place the old, weak, sick and disabled.
Soon after, the Jin people did come here, Li Yanxian skillfully used a strategy, and the Jin people fought on the frontal battlefield, and skillfully used ambush troops, and the Jin people suddenly found that there were ambush troops on all sides, and they were caught off guard and fled in defeat.
The victory of this battle made a name for itself, and also gave the people of various regions a hope of victory, the people from all over the country came to the rescue, the team grew rapidly, and then he divided his troops into 4 roads and continuously recovered the localities, from which he became famous in one battle.
Retake Shaanzhou
The famous Jin general Yan Lou was in Shaanxi at this time, attacking the city and the ground, and was at the highlight of his life; the Jin people had no problem attacking, and the garrison was definitely not OK, and the garrison had to be sent by the local surrender.
In the second year of Jianyan (1128), Li Yanxian first sent troops into the city of Shaanzhou, and then led his troops to attack the south gate of Shaanzhou, the Jin defenders went to the south gate to support, and the ambushed army in the city also took advantage of the situation, the Jin people scattered and fled, and the city of Shaanzhou was restored.
When Yan Lou returned from the sweep in Shaanxi, he was shocked to find that the tongguan exit had been hung with a sign that did not make this road impassable, and depressed, he had to cross the river from Pusaka and return to Hedong.
Emperor Gaozong of Song said to the people around him: "Knowing that Li Yanxian fought with the Jin people, he won victories again and again, and he was overjoyed but did not sleep." ”
In the same year, Li Yanxian was granted the title of Governor of Shaanzhou and a pacification envoy by the imperial court, and he took the initiative to accept the command of Wang Shu, the envoy of Jingluo, who was at odds with Quduan, which was one of the reasons why Shaanzhou was isolated and helpless in the future.
The author Jun said:
Shaanzhou, at the junction of Henan and Shaanxi, cut off the connection between Qin and Yu as long as it occupied it, and the Jin people who wanted to communicate between the western and central theaters had to pass through the Pusaka Ferry in Shanxi.
Wei Zhen River East
After Shaanzhou was retaken by Li Yanxian's lightning raid, people of insight and military and civilians from all walks of life in Guanzhong were greatly encouraged, and then rebels from all over the country swarmed.
Subsequently, Li Yanxian crossed the Yellow River and established a camp in Zhongtiao Mountain, and the people of Pucheng, Xiezhou and Taiyuan came to annex.
Li Yanxian sent Shao Long and Shao Yun to lead an army to attack Ruicheng in Shaanzhou, Yuxiang in Hezhong Province, DaiXian and Zhengping in Daizhou, and XieXian and Anyi in Xiezhou.
East of Tongguan, only Shaanzhou was in the hands of the Great Song Dynasty, and Li Yanxian stepped up the construction of the city wall, dug deep into the moat, expanded the armament, and vigorously tun tian, and the power once crossed the two banks of the Yellow River, which made the Jin people fearful.
In order to further boost morale, Li Yanxian brought his family to Shaanzhou and said: "Martyr the country with the family and coexist with the city."
He knows very well what the result is when the enemy fights alone in the vicissitudes of the sea, but it takes time for the Southern Song Dynasty to restore its military strength and stabilize people's minds.
Famous duels
After Yan Lou's room, this is not an ordinary famous general, and the good deeds even call him: The True God of War, he is wise and courageous, and he has spent his life fighting Goryeo, breaking the Liao Kingdom, fighting the Western Xia, destroying the Northern Song Dynasty, turning to the Four Kingdoms, and achieving great success:
The Tianzuo Emperor yelü Yanxi of the Liao State was captured by himself; the Jin people attacked Fenjing and abducted the Second Emperor Hui Qin, who was the first to cross Mengjin; Li Yanxian's former superior, Fan Zhixuan, was also defeated by him, and before that, he maintained a record of total victory in personal field battles.
When he learned that Yan Lou's room had appeared in Hedong, Li Yanxian understood that the Jin people should have arrived, and he could also see his determination to enter Shu urgently.
Li Yanxian understood even more that Zhang Jun, Qu Duan and others were all in Longxi, and if Yan Lou went north after letting yan Lou go north, the Western Army would become history!
Li Yanxian straightened out the soldiers and horses and ambushed them at Zhongtiao Mountain, and defeated Yan Lou's room with a mental calculation and no intention, so that Yan Lou's room could taste the biggest defeat in his life.
Li Yanxian understood better than anyone the weight of Yan Lou's room in the Golden Kingdom, and more clearly angered him, as far as the current situation in Shaanzhou was concerned, I was afraid that life was about to enter the countdown, but he did not regret dying for the country!
Alone in the lonely city
Since the defeat of Yan Lou's room, Li Yanxian expected that the Jin people might attack Shaanzhou, he asked Zhang Jun for support, and advocated taking the initiative to attack the Jin people, Zhang Jun replied: persuade him to abandon the city, jianbi Qingye, he did not listen.
In 1129 AD, Yan Lou had been gathering troops for more than half a year, preparing to regain the field, and there was no major battle in the whole of Shaanxi.
Immediately after that, the areas recovered by Li Yanxian fell one by one, and finally only an isolated city of Shaanzhou City remained.
In the third year of Jianyan (1129), after the completion of Yan Lou's room and the confluence of folding, the army was 100,000, he divided into 10 parts, exhausted the means, and took turns to start the siege.
Li Yanxian, just on the Tree Tower (Bell and Drum Tower), while drinking wine, ordered his men to make drumming music, and at night, he ordered people to go out of the city with ropes and burn the siege equipment of the Jin people, causing the Jin people to retreat dozens of miles.
When the city ran out of ammunition, Li Yanxian asked Zhang Jun for help, and Zhang Jun sent people to support him, and while urgently ordering Qu Duan to go to support, Qu Duan lied that he could not send troops.
Zhang Jun, personally led troops from Chang'an to reinforce, Chang'an, all the officials, that is in Longxi, from Longxi can still fight to Shaanzhou, and finally in Shaanzhou can not advance, what does it mean?
It shows that the Jin people hated Li Yanxian so much that in order to capture the city of Shaanzhou, the Guanzhong region was empty of military strength.
Li Yanxian's generals, Shao Long, Lü Yuandeng, Yang Bosun, and others all led troops to rescue the city of Zhou, and it was basically impossible to penetrate the Jin people's barrier.
After Yan Lou's room, he admired Li Yanxian quite a bit, and he felt sorry for his talents and sent someone to persuade him to surrender.
Li Yanxian replied: "Wu Ning is a Song ghost, and An uses Ru Fugui as a person."
Soon the city was running out of food, and the arrows were exhausted, the soldiers were tired and hungry, Li Yanxian's family had few left, and the Jin people's attack was becoming more and more fierce...
In 1130 AD, the city of Shaanzhou was destroyed, and Yan Lou's room admired Li Yanxian even more, and ordered his subordinates to capture Li Yanxian.
The old and young masters of the whole city of Shaanzhou had no second thoughts, even women, they also went to the roof and attacked the enemy with tiles, because they all understood: there was no end to the eggs under the nest.
After Yan Lou's room, at first, he really thought that he could take the city of Shaanzhou lightly, whether it was Song Shi or Yuan Shi, they all admitted that the siege of the City of Jin was very powerful, but the battle of Shaanzhou City shattered their teeth, and although the Jin people were defeated and angry, they slaughtered the city in a frenzy.
In this battle, Shaanzhou City became a large cemetery of Shuluo, without a living mouth, but also without a single breed!
On that day, the monstrous fire shone brightly on the city of Shaanzhou, which was the last dignity of the military and people of Shaanzhou!
Li Yanxian's left arm was cut off by the enemy, and his body was pierced with arrows like a hedgehog, and when he broke out of the siege after nine deaths, he heard that the Jin people slaughtered the city, and he was greatly saddened: "The reason why the Jin people slaughtered the city is because I have not surrendered for a long time. ”
He died when he was 36 years old, and his entire family was also killed by the Jin people, only his younger brother Li Kui and son Li Yi survived. His generals Shao Yun, Lü Yuandeng, Song Yan, Jia He, Yan Ping, and Zhao Cheng were also killed in the battle.
Author Jun, Fun History Lesson:
1. After Yan Lou's room, because of the ineffectiveness of the Western Route Army and the request for reinforcements, he encountered the dissatisfaction of Jin Taizong (完燕晟), and sent the crown prince Guanyan Zongfu to replace him as the supreme commander.
2. Quduan, when attacked in Shaanxi, he garrisoned his army in central Shaanxi, and then the Jin people came to fight, and then he was beaten by his subordinate Wu Jiu.
3. Qu Duan, how to say that he is also a famous general, he will not fail to understand the significance of Shaanzhou City to the Southern Song Dynasty, the reason why he made a wall view is because he is jealous of Li Yanxian's meritorious official, which is nothing in peacetime, after all, Sichuan and Shaanxi are far from the imperial court Information is not clear, supporting soldiers and self-respect abounds, but the problem is that there is a Zhang Jun, he is not an embroidered pillow, and the messy situation in Sichuan and Shaanxi is directly arranged.
4. The battle of Shaanzhou City was fought tragically, there was no food in the city, after eating beans, eating war horses, eating rats..., there was nothing to eat later, there was no situation of changing children and eating, only a few people defended the city? The Golden Man is 100,000 people.
5. Zhang Jun, at this time, preparing for the Battle of Fuping, after killing QuDuan, does anyone still feel that the wrong is unwarranted? I don't know how Quduan should face the wronged souls of Shaanzhou City under the Nine Springs!
6. The offensive and defensive battles in Shaanzhou City lasted for more than 1 year, and there were more than 200 battles of various sizes, which was one of the most tragic five city defense battles in the history of the Two Song Dynasties.
Significance of the Battle of Shaanzhou City:
1. In the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, the Jin people swallowed mountains and rivers like bamboo, and everywhere they passed, everywhere they looked down at the wind, Li Yanxian's insistence in Shaanzhou eased the military pressure in Shaanxi and won Zhang Jun valuable time and space.
2. The insistence of Shaanzhou City fiercely boosted the morale of the Southern Song army and people in resisting jin, and also made the panicked hearts of the Southern Song dynasty monarchs and subjects settle down and restore their determination to resist the war.
In the second year of Shaoxing (1132 AD), Zhang Jun, posthumously awarded Li Yanxian the title of envoy of the Wu Army, and built the "Zhonglie Ancestral Hall" in Shangzhou as a memorial.
In the eighth year of Qiandao (1172 AD), Emperor Xiaozong of Song re-established the "Zhonglie Ancestral Hall" in Langzhou and gave him the title of "Zhongwei".
After Li Yanxian's death, the "Lord of Zhongxing" Zhao Zhuo killed Yue Fei to negotiate peace, and the "unwarranted" Xiang Ye faced the loyal souls of Shaanzhou City, and I don't know how he felt?
"Serving in danger, not giving up the danger" is loyal, "fiercely to the Congo, strong to the strong fruit, strong perseverance and faith" as the threat, the word "zhongwei" is used on Li Yanxian's body, it is really appropriate!
Many people in later generations questioned Li Yanxian's suicide and believed that unwiseness should make a comeback. However, we have seen too many examples of escaping from the battlefield, and there are very few people like Li Yanxian who have such a "sense of shame", so what reason do we have to question him?