The War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression was a great war against aggression in Chinese history, in which the Chinese paid a terrible price in order to resist the aggression of Japanese imperialism. During this period, many outstanding Chinese generals emerged, and Xue Yue was a typical representative of them.
Xue Tiger
In 1896, Xue Yue was born in Shaoguan, Guangdong Province, and his father originally named him "Xue Yangyue", which means admiring Yue Fei, and only changed to Xue Yue when he became an adult. After the Xinhai Revolution, Xue Yue entered the Huangpu Army Primary School and the Wuchang Army Second Preparatory School. In 1916, Xue Yue, Deng Yanda, Zhang Fakui, Li Hanling and others entered the Baoding Military Academy to study, and after graduation, they served as company commanders and battalion commanders of the Guangdong Army.
In 1921, Xue Yue served as the commander of the first battalion of the Sun Yat-sen Presidential Guard Regiment, the commander of the second battalion, Ye Ting, and the commander of the third battalion, Zhang Fakui. In June 1922, Chen Jiongming rebelled and besieged Sun Yat-sen's presidential palace, Ye Ting
The whole battalion opened the way in front, and Xue Yue led the machine gun battalion behind the palace to cover the breakthrough of Sun Yat-sen and Song Qingling.
In 1924, Xue Yue was appointed as a major general and chief of staff of the first division of the Guangdong Army. In 1925, he was appointed deputy commander of the 14th Division of the First Army and commander of the 14th Regiment. After the Northern Expedition began, Xue Yue served as the commander of the First Division. Xue Yue was very brave in battle, often winning more with less, inflicting heavy damage on the enemy. Later, Xue Yue served as the commander of the Fifth Route Army and the commander-in-chief of the Sixth Route Army, and was known as Xue Laohu because of his fierce combat.
In 1937, after the outbreak of the All-out War of Resistance, Xue Yue served as the commander-in-chief of the 19th Group Army, with six armies under his command. In the case of our army's weak firepower, extremely poor defensive capabilities, and imperfect defense system, Xue Yue still commanded the troops to calmly respond to the battle, leading his troops to repel the Japanese army many times. After the Japanese army landed from Jinshanwei, it had attacked Xue Yue's car, and Xue Yue's lieutenants, drivers, and guards were all killed, and the chief of staff desperately covered his breakthrough.
Battle of Wanjialing
In June 1938, the Japanese army launched an attack on Wuhan in multiple ways. On June 8, the Military Command of the National Military Commission drew up a plan to defend Wuhan. Xue Yue served as the commander of the First Corps of the Ninth Theater, with 25 divisions under his command, defending the western shore of Ruichang, De'an, and Poyang Lake.
The Japanese Eleventh Army led by Okamura Ningji, under the cover of hundreds of aircraft and more than 80 ships, descended from the south of the Jiujiang River in an attempt to first capture Nanchang and then attack Changsha to annihilate the main force of the Chinese army on the south bank of the Yangtze River.
On August 3, 1948, under the cover of artillery, tanks, and aircraft, the Japanese 106th Division went south from jiujiang along the Nanxun Road, and Xue Yue organized troops to carry out effective defenses, causing great casualties to the Japanese army.
Xue Yue's First Corps had many elite units of the Nationalist Army, among which Li Yutang's Eighth Army and Yu Jishi's 74th Army were all elite units of the Central Army, ou Zhen's Fourth Army, and Li Hanling's 64th Army were also the main forces of the Guangdong clan, and their combat effectiveness was very strong. In mid-September, the Japanese offensive was blocked by our army and fell into a stalemate.
In order to change this situation, the commander of the Japanese Eleventh Army, Okamura Ninji, prepared to risk a major detour. The 106th Division was ordered to advance lightly, quickly enter the southwestern area of De'an, and attack the main Force of the Chinese army in De'an from the flank. On October 2, the 106th Division had reached the Wanjialing area, posing a threat to our rear.
The first to find the 106th Division was the search team of Ou Zhen's Fourth Army, Ou Zhen had suffered the loss of the Japanese army interspersed with encirclement, so the marching army was very cautious, and would send a search team to reconnoiter before advancing, and the result was that it happened to encounter the Japanese 106th Division in the Wanjialing area. After Xue Yue received the news, he immediately decided to concentrate his main force to eliminate this lone Japanese army.
Battle of Wanjialing,
Xue Yue commanded the main force of the Chinese army to annihilate more than 10,000 japanese 106th Divisions and take more than 300 prisoners.
In the process of the Breakthrough, the officers of the Japanese army were almost completely lost, and they had to rely on the airborne officers to command the troops, but the hundreds of Japanese officers who were parachuted in were also annihilated by the Chinese army.
Heavenly Furnace Tactics
In February 1939, Xue Yue was promoted to commander of the Ninth Theater of Operations
Chairman of the Kuomintang Hunan Province and Chairman of the Province. The headquarters of the Ninth Theater was located in Changsha, with more than 400,000 people in the 52nd Division under its jurisdiction, accounting for a quarter of the total strength of the country at that time, and many elite units of the Central Army were also among them.
In September 1939, more than 100,000 Japanese troops attacked Changsha from northern Hunan Province, northern Gan Province, and southern Hubei. After studying the terrain, Xue Yue and his staff officers believed that Changsha was in no danger to defend, and if only natural barriers such as the Xinqiang River, miluo river, Laodao River, and Liuyang River were set up with several lines of defense, it would obviously be difficult to stop the Japanese attack.
However, there are shogunates on the east and west sides, and mountains such as jiuling can be used for transferring troops, and the potential is very large, so Xue Yue wants to introduce the Japanese army into these Japanese troops, and then gather and annihilate them, which is the prototype of Xue Yue's "Heavenly Furnace Tactics".
At that time, Chiang Kai-shek did not agree to guard Changsha, believing that he could not resist the Japanese army, but Xue Yue insisted on fighting, and finally won the battle. In the First Battle of Changsha, Xue Yue did not consume troops with the Japanese army on a certain defensive line, but implemented military-civilian cooperation to fight with the enemy in a vast area, making full use of all available civilian forces, and finally defeated the Japanese army, and the Japanese army retreated after more than 30,000 casualties.
In September 1941, the Japanese army launched the Second Battle of Changsha, and the commander of the Japanese Eleventh Army, Anan Weijie, led 4 divisions and a Marine Corps totaling 120,000 people, with the cooperation of more than 100 aircraft, intended to emulate Hitler's blitzkrieg and launch a surprise attack on Changsha. Xue Yue commanded 40 divisions of the Ninth Theater and 500,000 troops to meet the battle.
Although this battle repelled the Japanese army, Xue Yue suffered heavy losses in the Ninth Theater due to his pride and light enemy, and the Sixth Theater besieged Yichang in order to prepare for the Battle of Changsha, and the Third Theater conducted guerrilla warfare to harass the rear of the Japanese army, which forced the Japanese army to retreat.
In December 1941, the Japanese Eleventh Army launched another attack on Changsha, planning to defeat the 20th Army and the 37th Army along the Miluo River in two weeks, and the Third Battle of Changsha broke out.
At this time, Xue Yue had fully mastered the terrain of the northern Hunan region, summed up the experience and lessons of the previous two battles, and prepared to implement his "Heavenly Furnace Tactics" to attract the Japanese army to Changsha City and then annihilate it in one fell swoop.
Xue Yue ordered Li Yutang's Tenth Army to guard Changsha, which was also a unit of the Central Army, and because it was good at defense, it was known as the Taishan Army.
Li Yutang's Tenth Army of Taishan Army and Wang Yaowu's 74th Army of the Tiger Army were known as the two sharp knives of the Ninth Theater because of their strong combat effectiveness. In addition, Xue Yue also mobilized 200,000 people in Hunan, responsible for destroying roads, bridges, and fields, and releasing water on the highways made the northern Hunan region a swamp, and it was difficult for the mechanized troops of the Japanese army to advance.
Xue Yue attached great importance to this battle, and for the sake of solemn battlefield discipline, Xue Yue stipulated that "the commanders-in-chief, commanders, and division commanders of all group armies really control the troops, personally command them on the front line, and be able to capture the fighters and annihilate the enemy at the right time."; if he dies in battle, he will take the place of Deputy Commander Luo Zhuoying and surround and annihilate the enemy according to the predetermined plan; once the commander-in-chief, the commander-in-chief, the commander-in-chief of the army, division, regiment, battalion, and company, will take his place as a deputy chief officer or a senior commander at the subordinate level; the commanders-in-chief, the commanders-in-chief, the commanders of the army, divisions, regiments, battalions, and companies, if they are ineffective in combat and miss the fighter planes. That is, according to the revolutionary army, it will not be lenient."
After January 1, 1942, the 3rd Division of the 11th Army, the 40th Division and other units of the Japanese Army began to attack Changsha, but the officers and men of the 10th Army stubbornly resisted and repelled the Japanese attacks again and again, buying time for the main force to come and surround the Japanese army. On January 4, Anan sensed Xue Yue's movements and immediately ordered the troops to retreat, but it was too late.
On their return, the Japanese army was hit hard by the Chinese army, and Chiang Kai-shek issued a strict order: "From."
Which army breaks through in front of you, shoot which army commander.
”
As the Japanese 40th Division advanced from Kanai to Mount Chunhua, it was repeatedly blocked and flanked by the 37th Army along the way, and its 236th Wing suffered heavy casualties, and the 2nd Squadron Leader Mizusawa Keio, the 5th Squadron Commander Yoshishi Miyake, and the 6th Squadron Commander Sekita Iyuki were all killed.
The division commander of the Japanese Third Division, as well as the Third Division
Lightly wounded soldiers and medical teams both took up rifles to fight. The fleeing Japanese army did not even have time to take away the bodies of their comrades-in-arms.
Zhao Zili, deputy director of the Staff Office of the Ninth Theater Command, recalled:
The Japanese army had no choice but to abandon the corpses on the battlefield, but this time it was not time to burn them. ”
The Third Battle of Changsha was the largest victory since the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japan, annihilating 56,000 Japanese troops and taking 139 prisoners. In the three Battles of Changsha, Xue Yue annihilated 100,000 Japanese troops and became the first general of the anti-Japanese resistance.
Taiwan life
After the victory of the War of Resistance, Xue Yue served
Director of the "Sui Bureau" of the Kuomintang in Xuzhou. In May 1946, in accordance with the Kuomintang Ministry of National Defense's policy of "meeting divisions from the north to the south, occupying Shandong, and opening up the Jinpu Line", a campaign was launched to invade the Lunan Liberated Area in an attempt to open two railway branch lines between Lin (Cheng) Xu (Zhou) and Tai (Erzhuang) Zao (Zhuang).
However, during the Liberation War, Xue Yue's opponent was Su Yu, the god of war, who also fought with the Japanese army for eight years during the War of Resistance Against Japan, and was very familiar with the terrain of East China. In the years that followed, Xue Yue held some virtual positions and did not have much power.
At the end of 1949, Xue Yue was appointed by Chiang Kai-shek as Hainan
The commander-in-chief of defense commands the Hainan Army, Navy and Air Force in a unified manner. In order to prevent the People's Liberation Army from liberating Hainan, Xue Yue set up three lines of defense on the whole island, and also sent the navy and air force to blockade the Qiongzhou Strait and bomb the ships that came and went, but Xue Yue's opponent this time was also the general of the tiger, the commander of the whirlwind, Han Xianchu, and under Han Xianchu's large-scale attack, Xue Yue had to withdraw to Taiwan.
After Xue Yue arrived in Taiwan, Chiang Kai-shek's father and son had great respect for him, but it was only superficial respect, but in fact there was not much care, and Xue Yue's life in Taiwan was very ordinary. After Chiang Ching-kuo's death in 1988, Taiwan's power fell into the hands of some separatist forces.
Xue Yue was not accustomed to the chaos in Taiwan at that time, so he bravely fought against them. These separatist forces in Taiwan secretly straightened out Xue Yue, and in the end Xue Yue could not even pay the rent, and was sued in court, lamenting in court:
I once wiped out 100,000 Nichiko, and now I can't even afford a house. ”
Finally, Xue Yue found an abandoned house and survived in a small house of several square meters. Xue Yue lived in a dark and damp house in his later years until his death in 1998 at the age of 103.
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【Guanshan】Complete Record of China's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression [1931-1945]
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