In 1402 (June of the fourth year of Jianwen), Zhu Di led a large army to the city of Nanjing. Zhu Xi and Li Jinglong opened the Jinchuan Gate, one of the inner doors, to meet the landing, and the capital was broken. In the chaos of the Yan army entering the city, the palace caught fire, the whereabouts of the Jianwen Emperor Zhu Yunjiao were unknown, and the "Battle of Jingnan" ended with Zhu Di's victory.
For more than 600 years, the whereabouts of Emperor Jianwen have been an unsolved mystery in the field of historiography. "When the fire broke out in the palace, the emperor did not know the end" was described in the "Ming Shi Gong Min Emperor Benji" edited by the Qianlong Four-Year Historian.
It can be seen that during the Qing Dynasty, people still doubted the whereabouts of Emperor Jianwen. In addition, Meng Sen, a famous historian of the Republic of China, further explained in the "Jianwen Xun Guokao": "Chengzu was destined to use his body on fire, and the identified Jianwen was buried with ceremonies." Then why should we be suspicious of people's words and act for more than twenty years? ”
In contrast, in the Ming Dynasty movies and TV series we watched, Emperor Jianwen fled after Zhu Yuanzhang's death with the tips given by Zhu Yuanzhang. When the Yan army entered Nanjing, Emperor Jianwen found that his grandfather had asked him to flee immediately, and prepared wooden fish and robes for him. After Emperor Jianwen escaped, he became a monk. This is a common folk saying.
Therefore, many scholars say that Emperor Jianwen fled to the Lion Mountain in Wuding, Yunnan, and became a monk. Lion Mountain is known as the "First Mountain in the Southwest" because of the Jianwen Emperor. The temple is engraved with a pair of Yang Lian" (楹聯) "Monk is the emperor, the emperor is also a monk, and the mantle has been passed down for decades. Uncle negative nephew, nephew does not live up to uncle, eight hundred mile man shoes hiking, lion mountain is higher than Yan mountain. ”
There is also the Huidi Ancestral Pavilion in the temple. There are three statues of monks in the cabinet. The one in the middle is dressed in a dragon chair with a dragon chair on its back. It is said to be the Jianwen Emperor. In addition to the Yang Lian and the statue, there are many relics related to Emperor Jianwen in the temple, such as "Dragon and Phoenix Ancient Cypress", "Crescent Pond", "Lidou Pavilion" and so on.
In fact, when the Qing dynasty revised the History of the Ming Dynasty, it had already noticed that Emperor Jianwen might have fled to Yunnan. Since then, between The Yunnan and Qianqian, there are rumors that there are emperors who have traveled back and forth when they were monks. It is also recorded in the "Wuding Fu Zhi" of the Kangxi period: "Emperor Jianwen ended at the Zhengxu Temple in Shishan for several decades. "All the signs seem to suggest that Emperor Jianwen may have actually gone to Lion Rock in Yunnan."
Historians also cite evidence that The Wanli Emperor Zhu Yijun once asked Zhang Juzheng about the whereabouts of Emperor Jianwen. In 1574 (October 17 of the second year of the Wanli Calendar), the 11-year-old Wanli asked his teacher Zhang Juzheng a forbidden question for the royal family: "Emperor Jianwen fled at that time. ”
Zhang Juzheng was not worried about anything, and directly gave his own answer: "History does not contain this matter, but it is said that Yan Jianwen entered the city when the Jing difficult teacher entered the city, that is, cut his hair and walked out, and no one knew." ”