On the east side of the negative floor of the weapons exhibition hall of the Chinese Revolutionary Military Museum, there is a Type 92 infantry gun captured by the New Fourth Army from the Japanese army during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.
After more than seventy years of ups and downs, this cannon has long since withdrawn from the stage of history, quietly displayed in the booth, the simple gun body, short figure, in a group of tanks, howitzers and other large heavy weapons appear very ordinary.
Why is it displayed in the Military Museum of the Chinese Revolution?
The faint traces of war and smoke on the gun record its extraordinary past, and it is not only the founding lieutenant general
Wang Bicheng
Those captured were even more successful in the future anti-Japanese battlefield and liberation battlefield.
What is even more legendary is that after Wang Bicheng captured it 77 years ago, in order to retrieve this cannon, the Japanese army dispatched Japanese and puppet armies to search for the cannon in the mountains, and even at the cost of a reward of 200,000 yuan to find it.
In the end, the Commander of the Japanese Army simply wrote a letter to Wang Bicheng directly and cheekily: "
We lost the cannon, the day is very sad, please ask your army to return the cannon to us, what your army needs me to do, as long as I can do it, everything is negotiable.
”
......
How did Wang Bicheng capture this cannon, and why did a Type 92 infantry gun make the Japanese army so troublesome and low? What is the final outcome?
The snow blew open the 1943 calendar.
A team of more than two thousand people walked rapidly in the fierce storm and snow, crossing the glacier, crossing the Yangtze River, crossing the blockade line arranged by the enemy army, and rapidly advancing south.
This was the main force of the second brigade led by "Tiger" Wang Bicheng, who crossed the Yangtze River to the Jiangnan region to strengthen the anti-Japanese armed forces in southern Jiangsu.
All the way south, full of dangers, japanese, pseudo, and stubborn armies crisscrossed, and the windy and snowy weather made the march even more difficult, Wang Bicheng sat on a war horse in the snow, calmly commanding the troops to advance rapidly.
On January 13, in Lishui County, Jiangsu Province,
The political commissar of the 16th Brigade of the Sixth Division of the New Fourth Army
Jiang Weiqing
With their hands clasped tightly together, the two New Fourth Armies in the north and south of the Jiangsu River met victoriously against the Japanese.
According to the orders of their superiors, Wang Bicheng and Jiang Weiqing's troops were merged into the 16th Brigade of the New Fourth Army, and Wang Bicheng served as the brigade commander.
When the news came out, the masses in the base areas rushed to tell each other with joy and encouragement: "
Wang Laohu returned to Jiangnan
”、“
The Tiger Regiment is back
The Japanese, pseudo-japanese, and recalcitrant armies were in a state of panic.
The names of "Wang Tiger" and "Tiger Regiment" have long been imprinted in the depths of their souls, in addition to fear or fear.
As early as 1938, Wang Bicheng, who was studying at the Anti-Japanese Military and Political University in Yan'an, was ordered to go to Jiangnan as the commander of the 2nd Regiment of the First Detachment of the New Fourth Army, and advanced to the Jiangnan region, which had been occupied for half a year, to create the Maoshan Anti-Japanese Base Area.
The Maoshan Mountains are close to Nanjing, which is the key pass between Shanghai and Nanjing, and the Japanese army has deployed heavy troops in nanjing, Hangzhou, Shanghai and other major cities, and the difficulty of the struggle behind the anti-Japanese enemy can be imagined.
It was in maoshan, a land of bullets, in the hinterland where the enemy was heavily guarded, that Wang Bicheng relied on backward and rudimentary weapons to wage a bloody and fiery contest with the Japanese army with modern equipment.
During the year and a half in Jiangnan, Wang Bicheng and his second regiment raced across the land of Jiangnan, invincible, and the Japanese army was bitterly beaten, and the names of "Wang Tiger" and "Tiger Regiment" were born.
But everywhere they went, they made the Japanese feel frightened.
Such an anti-Japanese force, now returning to Jiangnan, naturally makes the local Japanese army stab its back like a man, wanting to get rid of it quickly.
Soon, the Japanese army announced the implementation of the "clearing the countryside" movement in the Maoshan and Taihun areas.
For a time, from Zhenjiang to Baoyan, through Xiyang to Baita, and then from the north shore of the Lake to the south to Taihu Lake, a blockade line of more than 200 kilometers was built with bamboo fences, and heavy troops were deployed outside the line.
The number of Japanese and pseudo-strongholds in the Maoshan area has surged from 51 to 106, and the strength of the troops stationed in the strongholds has also increased from more than 3,900 to more than 7,900, and the living environment of the New Fourth Army has been seriously challenged.
Chiang Kai-shek
At this time, he also inserted a foot, the commander of the Kuomintang Third Theater
Gu Zhutong
Nearly 20,000 men from the four divisions of the defensive Japanese army were dispatched to attack Wang Bicheng's 16th Brigade, and even threatened to attack."
Kill Wang Bicheng and capture Jiang Weiqing alive
In an attempt to create another "Anhui Southern Incident" in the Jiangnan region.
What is even more shameful is that in order to be able to eliminate the New Fourth Army, the stubborn Kuomintang army actually disregarded the national righteousness of the country and sent a letter to the Japanese army in a frenzied manner:"
The purpose of this trip was to suppress the Communists, to fight the bandit army, not to fight the imperial army
And demanded a three-month truce between China and Japan and joined forces to suppress the bandits.
The Japanese, pseudo-stubborn, and stubborn armies were surrounded by three large armies, tens of thousands of troops were close at hand, and the 16th Brigade of the New Fourth Army was in a very critical situation in Jiangnan.
Wang Bicheng made emergency arrangements overnight, personally leading the main force to tear open a large opening in the enemy's blockade line around Lishui, and the party, government, and army cadres in the base area successfully broke through.
During the transfer to Jiangnan, Wang Bicheng refused
Su Yu
At the request of withdrawing the troops to Jiangbei, he personally led the troops to intersperse between the Japanese plum blossom pile strongholds, suffering from the enemy on their stomachs and backs, difficulty in supply, and frequent battles.
The struggle in Jiangnan has entered the most difficult, cruel and tense stage.
However, no matter how arduous the difficulties, it is difficult for the heroic people's army, and it is precisely in this cruel environment of life and death that the people's army's tenacious style of fighting heroically and relying on itself has been stimulated.
After more than four months of continuous combat, Under the guidance of Chairman Mao's guerrilla tactics, Wang Bicheng not only successfully recovered Lishui and Liyang, but also opened up the anti-Japanese base areas on the Anhui border of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Anhui, and became a strong anti-Japanese brigade in the Jiangnan region.
The idea of the Japanese puppet army to eliminate Wang Bicheng's troops was completely shattered.
Time into 1944, late spring in March, the cold wind receded, spring blossoms, Jiangnan faction is thriving good scene, but the brutal battle is still continuing.....
On March 29, he was the commander of the 48th Regiment of the 16th Brigade of the New Fourth Army stationed in Hangcun, Guangde, Anhui
Liu Beisheng
Suddenly I received a message,
The Japanese troops who were originally stationed at the Guangde Gate Tang stronghold and the Liudong Bridge suddenly gathered a squadron of troops, and with more than 300 puppet troops, they were heading to sweep around Hangcun
。
The Japanese troops stationed in Guangde were the Nanpu Brigade, and these Japanese troops often went to the countryside to sweep, burn and loot, rape women, and do all kinds of evil.
The soldiers of the 48th Regiment of the New Fourth Army had long wanted to find an opportunity to beat up this group of inferior beasts.
Liu Beisheng quickly reported the news to brigade commander Wang Bicheng, and it was reported that the Japanese troops dispatched this time were the Kobayashi Squadron, with more than 100 Japanese troops and more than 300 puppet troops, well-equipped, and behind the troops, they also dragged a Type 92 infantry gun with several war horses, and were marching along the Guangyi Highway.
A piece of fat meat sent to the tiger's mouth, is there a reason not to eat it?
Battle orders were quickly issued, commander of the 3rd Battalion of the 48th Regiment
Xu Chao
and instructors
Zheng Dafang
Occupy The Ancestral Valley Mountain, southwest of Hangcun, and cut off the Japanese retreat; the commander of the 1st Battalion
Zeng Dansheng
Jiang Ganheng
Occupying Niutou Mountain in the southeast direction of Hangcun, it formed a pinch attack with the three battalions, and the second battalion ambushed on both sides of the northeast road of the village to block the enemy reinforcements.
Located at the junction of Guangde and Changxing, Hangcun is surrounded by dense hills, bamboo forests, and kneeless weeds, making it an excellent ambush site.
The New Fourth Army was all in place, waiting for the Japanese army to "enter the urn."
Not long after the three battalions entered the combat post, they saw a dusty cloud on the road ahead in the distance, and a group of black figures gradually came into view, and the Japanese army really came!
I saw them holding chickens, ducks and geese that had "swept up" in their hands, grain snatched on their shoulders, and sparsely advancing along the road toward Hangcun, and the puppet army behind them dragged extremely far, and there was no military discipline to speak of.
The Japanese army slowly marched to the south side of Hangcun, entered the ambush position of the three battalions, only to hear the battalion commander Xu Chao shout a "fight", and in an instant, the light and heavy machine guns poured out their tongues of fire together toward the Japanese army, and the Japanese army was caught off guard by the joy of "sweeping", and hurriedly threw down the "booty" in his hand and shot back desperately to resist.
The Japanese army quickly woke up, quickly organized its forces, and seized some small hills and graves southwest of Hangcun in an attempt to resist.
When the battle was in full swing, the brigade commander Wang Bicheng personally came to the front line of the battle to command. At the NiutouShan position, Wang Bicheng saw the Type 92 infantry cannon in the Japanese army through a telescope, and his heart blossomed.
“
You take a look
He said and handed the telescope to the small gun platoon leader next to him
Dai Wenhui
Cannons, cannons!
Dai Wenhui took a look at the telescope and immediately shouted in surprise.
Wang Bicheng told him:
We just hit their cannons with small cannons, only three shells, are you sure?
The small cannon naturally refers to the mortar, as we all know, the mortar has no scope, completely relying on experience and eye measurement distance, only to see Dai Wenhui raise his thumb, close one eye, aim, and then said:"
Be sure!
At Wang Bicheng's order, the mortar shell made a perfect arc in the air, exploded accurately next to the cannon, and then the second shot came in response."
Well played
Even Wang Bicheng couldn't help but exclaim in admiration.
The devil's cannon was carried by several foreign horses, and the shells fired by the New Fourth Army were ready to land next to the cannons, killing or frightening the yankes pulling the cannons, and the Ninety-Two Infantry Artillery fell into the paddy field next to the road before it could exert its power, unable to move, losing its former prestige.
Seeing that the Japanese army was gradually unable to resist and there were signs of retreat, Wang Bicheng immediately ordered the troops to charge.
In the loud sound of the charge, the shouts of the heroic "Tiger Regiment" soldiers resounded throughout the valley, frightening the Japanese army into a chaotic mess, rolling urine, dropping cannons and fleeing towards the gate and pond stronghold.
The battle lasted for an hour, and the New Fourth Army won the victory, annihilating more than 70 Japanese and puppet troops, capturing a large number of weapons and ammunition, and most importantly, capturing an intact Type 92 infantry gun, which made Wang Bicheng grin when he slept.
But the New Fourth Army also paid a terrible price, instructors
More than 10 soldiers, including those, died tragically and sacrificed their young lives for this battle.
Compared with the current howitzer, the Type 92 infantry gun was still far from the size or power, but it was a big killer in the anti-Japanese battlefield at that time.
This gun was produced in Japan, began to be equipped in 1930, is about 62 cm high and weighs heavily
0.212
Tons, is a cannon with extremely low transport requirements, which can be transported without cars using only people and animals.
The gun was an "ideal" infantry support weapon in the 1930s and 1940s, and it was well suited for use in terrain with complex terrain, especially in mountain warfare.
In that era when there was a lack of bombers and sharp weapons, the Type 92 infantry gun became the best choice.
In the three major battles that followed, the 92nd Infantry Artillery became a very important fire support for the people's army, and after the Battle of Huaihai,
Chen Yi
The Marshal has said more than once:
"The victory in the Battle of Huaihai supported the carts of former migrant workers and the cannonballs of the Dalian Arsenal.
The shells he refers to here are mostly the shells of the Type 92 infantry guns produced.
Even on the later battlefield of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, the volunteer soldiers still used a large number of 92 infantry guns.
The New Fourth Army surrendered a cannon, and the good news spread quickly in the Guangde area, and the people all clapped their hands and applauded, and even choreographed a song:
"The battle in Hangcun was fought well, the soldiers and civilians fought bravely, the devils lost their lives and lost their cannons, and the Japanese army was swept away from it."
The commanders and fighters of the 48th Regiment were even more elated. That night, the soldiers of the Ninth Company took advantage of the darkness of the night to transport the cannon to the camel card 70 kilometers away from Hangcun.
Wang Bicheng announced the cadres of the 47th Regiment and the 49th Regiment to come to visit on the night of the starry night, and this was the first time that the Jiangnan troops of the New Fourth Army had handed over the cannon, and everyone carefully touched it, and the smile on their faces was as bright as seeing the flowers of the sun.
However, the performance of the Japanese army was in sharp contrast with that of the New Fourth Army, not only losing the battle, but also losing the cannon for the first time in the Jiangnan area, which made the Japanese army, which has always advocated the spirit of "Bushido", feel like a mourner, and can only report this matter to the Headquarters of the Japanese Army invading China in Nanjing.
The Squadron of Kobayashi, which went to hang village to sweep, belonged to the Nampo Brigade, was one of the honorary divisions of the Japanese army, and had never lost a record of artillery since the outbreak of the Great Pingyang War. When the headquarters of the Japanese army invading China in Nanjing learned that its honorary division had lost a cannon in the Jiangnan area, it was greatly ignited, and this was considered a great shame.
Coupled with the fact that At that time, Wang Bicheng's troops were active in the Lang and Guangdong areas, going deep into the hinterland of Nanjing, and an anti-Japanese strong brigade had the best weapon for attacking the pillbox forts at that time, which can be said to be like a tiger adding wings and posing a great threat to the security of Nanjing.
The headquarters of the Japanese army invading China in Nanjing issued a death order to the Nanpu Brigade to increase its strength to carry out a "sweep" and to retrieve the cannon at all costs.
The next day, the Japanese army, together with puppet troops and secret agents, marched out from the county seat and stronghold in a mighty way toward the base area of the New Fourth Army, searching all over the mountains for Wang Bicheng and his "tiger regiment" to compete with him.
"A good man does not eat the immediate loss", knowing that the Japanese army was out, Wang Bicheng had already led his troops to the mountains and let the Japanese army chase after him.
The Liangguang area is hilly and the mountain roads are rugged, but this cannon is very bulky, and it is very difficult for two mules to pull it.
In a hurry, Wang Bicheng had to order the cannon to be dismantled, packed in wooden boxes, and buried deep in the ground with the help of the local people.
Without the burden of artillery, Wang Bicheng led the troops to exert the essence of guerrilla warfare, leading the Japanese army in a circle in the mountains, attacking the Japanese army from time to time and "circling" with them.
The devils first followed our army and wanted to fight a decisive battle with our army, but later found that there was no trace of cannons in the army, believing that the New Fourth Army must have hidden the cannons, and the Japanese puppet army with iron pickaxes roamed the mountains and fields to dig around, seeing that the plane was going to dig the entire Lang and Guangdong areas for three feet before they were willing to stop.
At the same time, the Japanese army once again moved the crooked brain of the bounty.
The Japanese army forcibly gathered the people, and several puppet soldiers carried several baskets of money there, and posted a notice next to it saying that whoever could tell the whereabouts of the cannon would reward him with 200,000 yuan.
The Japanese army underestimated the people's support for the New Fourth Army, and for several days no one cared, and those who knew where the cannons were buried did not love money, and those who loved money did not know where the cannons were buried.
Digging and digging could not be dug, there was no one to offer a reward, and the Poor Japanese Army had no way to do anything, and the Japanese commander stationed in Guangde County had to cheekily lick his face and write a letter to Wang Bicheng and send someone to send it.
In the letter, the Japanese officer said pitifully: "
We lost our cannons and had a hard time. Please return the cannon to us. Whatever your army needs me to do, as long as I can do it, everything is good to discuss.
At the same time, he also promised that if Wang Bicheng returned the cannon, he would never "sweep" the Langguang area.
Wang Bicheng laughed after receiving the letter, "
Hey, fuck, tasteful, come and go, Colonel Liu, you reply to him with a letter, the cannon is here, he wants to take it himself, as long as he has the ability to take it.
As he spoke, he handed the letter to Colonel Liu Beisheng next to him.
Wang Bicheng's reply reached the Japanese commander, who was so angry that his face was red, he gritted his teeth, and his mouth kept shouting "Eight Ga" and "Eight Ga", but he couldn't do anything about it.
In this way, a large number of Japanese puppet troops tossed and turned in the Changguang Mountains for more than 20 days, running east and west, digging everywhere, and out of the foreign phase, but still found nothing.
In the end, the japanese army, who was embarrassed and angry, went to Hangcun to vent, burned some houses, and killed many peasant association cadres before they returned in sorrow.
The incident ended with Captain Kobayashi being shot by his own men.
However, since then, the Japanese army can only "shrink" in the stronghold, and no longer dare to easily come out to "sweep".
On July 7, 1944, the 7th anniversary of the Lugou Bridge Incident, the Suwan District Party Committee, the Southern Jiangsu Bureau, and the 16th Brigade of the New Fourth Army held a "Seventh Anniversary Conference of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression" in Wentang Village, Changxing County.
Afterwards, Wang Bicheng deliberately sat on the gun position and left a very precious photo with the cannon and his comrades-in-arms.
With the victory of the anti-fascist struggle in various parts of the world, the offensive and defensive changes are also taking place in China's anti-Japanese battlefield, and the prelude to the great strategic counteroffensive against Japan is coming.
On August 23, the 16th Brigade of the New Fourth Army gathered the "Tiger Regiment", the 46th Regiment and the Independent Second Regiment to attack the Japanese army with the strength of three regiments on a front of more than 60 miles around Changxing and Yixing.
After the battle began, Liu Beisheng led the Tiger Regiment to attack the stronghold outside Changxing County, and when the troops arrived at the Baibu stronghold, they took the lead in launching a political offensive and sent prisoners to shout to the enemy in the stronghold, but there was no movement at all.
When Liu Beisheng saw this, he immediately ordered the launch of the cannon, and shouted at the gunner waving a small flag:
Preparation—
At that moment, the battalion commander in the turret hurriedly held up the white flag and shouted:
We surrender, we surrender.
The cannon was mighty and majestic, and the cannon did not frighten the enemy.
In another battlefield, the troops who attacked the county town were greatly hindered, and a large bunker lying north of the street was still stubbornly resisting, this bunker was large and long, the firepower was extremely strong, causing great casualties to the siege troops, and the soldiers were difficult to approach.
The Type 92 infantry artillery provided rapid support, and under the order of "firing", the shells "whizzed" out of the cannons, the Japanese bunkers collapsed violently, and the soldiers quickly launched a charge...
With the blessing of the Type 92 infantry artillery, the participating units fought fiercely for a day and night, and the Japanese army destroyed more than 60 bunkers in 13 strongholds, recovered a land area of more than 1,500 square miles, and liberated more than 60,000 people, becoming the largest victory of our army in the Jiangnan region in recent years.
Encouraged by the cannon, Wang Bicheng led the soldiers to take advantage of the victory to fight, develop Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui, control Ninghuhang, late autumn Kezhoucheng, snow night battle Si'an, Chinese New Year's Eve into Moganshan, and finally pushed all the way to the outskirts of Hangzhou, Jiaxing Lake, liberating more than 1 million people, becoming a steel knife inserted in the heart of the Japanese army.
In March 1946, the unit entered the Central Jiangsu Gaoyou area for reorganization, and according to the order of the superior, the artillery company where the Type 92 infantry artillery was located was transferred to the headquarters of the Sixth Division, becoming the predecessor of the division's artillery regiment.
The captured Type 92 infantry gun dealt a heavy blow to the Kuomintang army on the subsequent Huaihai battlefield, and made a meritorious contribution to the victory of the revolution.
After the founding of New China, this Type 92 infantry gun fulfilled its historical mission, retired from active service, and was placed in the Military Museum of the Chinese Revolution in Beijing, alongside a number of meritorious heavy firearms, quietly arranged in the booth, "telling" future generations about the just and cruel war it participated in more than 70 years ago.
Today, many old people in the Jiangnan area where Wang Bicheng once operated still remember the legendary story of the new Fourth Army capturing cannons in the spring of 1944.
In the 77 years of stormy journey, it is precisely because of the bloody sacrifices and thorns of the older generation of revolutionaries such as Wang Bicheng that the splendid prosperity of today has been achieved.
History cannot be forgotten, heroes cannot be forgotten, remember heroic stories, do not forget the national shame, my generation is more to revitalize the Chinese as their responsibility.