Propaganda Department of Shouning County CPC Committee
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Poetry Yin / Wen Liu Yansheng / Figure
The eaves of the thatched roof, the eaves of the black tiles, the glazed eaves of the temple halls, float in the smoke clouds of the years, greet the morning sun, reflect the sunset, hang icicles, tick the rain, or dream of rain drifting, light smoke like wisps of folk fireworks. But what is folk? It's like a fish in the water, not knowing the water. We are hiding in the folk, saying "folk", once we gaze intently, we want to identify the "folk" in detail, but we are vague and unclear, and we are a little dazed.
Nursery Rhymes Cultural Park
This time I went to Shouning for a while, and in the "Nursery Rhyme Culture Park" of Qingyuan Tongyang Village, I saw some old objects that were a little old. These old tea sets, wood carvings, classical furniture, embroidered costumes and the like, as if they are the backs of the past years, some have disappeared, some have left traces, some have become legends, and some still continue in our lives. If I have some understanding, I seem to understand that this is "folk".
The life situation behind the old objects is extremely folk, and those masons, paper cuts, embroidery, and song tunes, including folk collectors like Liu Gaodong and his thirty-six boxes of embroidery, of course, including the garden hall transformed from the old cottage with black tile earthen walls in front of them, are also part of the "folk".
Folk, is relative to the imperial palace court official, as for the jianghu, it seems to be another world of rangers who are devious and happy. Folk, is low, vast; is simple, everyday; is the wild grass and wild bamboo hedge huts, but also the hustle and bustle of the city to hook the fence tiles. Here wisdom and ignorance coexist, light and darkness are mixed, stability and turmoil are connected, enmity and love are entangled, there are small evils, and there are moral warmth. Folk is the inexhaustible world under the eaves, cold and warm, and the years are long.
In the embroidery hall, various embroidery items are densely arranged. Perhaps because of this dense gathering, those sparse, fragmentary, scattered folk days suddenly have a strong atmosphere and bright colors. The years that solidified and rested on the embroidery flowed in an instant. In my mind, a dark wave of shadows surged in a vague way, and there was the figure of an old woman in the shadow, and perhaps a storyline, like a dream, faintly hidden, suddenly bright and dark, as if broken, I seemed to remember, and seemed to forget.
In the old days, women "thirteen can weave vegetarian, fourteen learn to tailor", holding a ruler in her right hand and Ayara in her left hand. Towards the embroidered clipping skirt, late into a single robe". At that time, the female red was associated with marriage. The in-laws choose a daughter-in-law, but also according to whether the embroidery is exquisite, whether the stitching is delicate, whether the color is elegant, to evaluate whether the girl is smart and dexterous, elegant and quiet. In the exhibition hall, the few silk cardigans hanging on the wall, rose red, lake blue, emerald green, its collar, cuffs, placket, are inlaid with a narrow and wide black edge, although some old colors, still exquisite and good-looking, reminiscent of women's beauty, elegant and dignified, think of the courtyard quiet, the years are good.
Those embroidered goods, belly pockets, saliva, tiger head shoes, Pengzu shoes, dog hats, aprons, as well as mosquito net draperies, pillowcases, table draperies, chair covers, shou tents, shou screens, until the purse, incense bags, cigarette bags, pen sleeves, fan bags and other small objects, embroidered plums, orchids, bamboo chrysanthemums, lotuses, peonies, grapes, pomegranates, cranes, peacocks, carp, bats, magpies, phoenixes, unicorns, water waves and clouds, etc., reality and illusion, there is no boundary, however, they are all rare and auspicious things, auspicious and festive, blessed with good health.
Behind the embroidery, there is a vivid life of fireworks.
The silver jewelry and embroidered shoes and hats and other clothes sent by my grandmother add to the joy and liveliness of the first birthday banquet; the seiko embroidered "Magu Xianshou" big red birthday tent, reflecting the birthday banquet hall full of spring hui; in the wedding joy of the candle shadow, the eye-catching thing is the bride's phoenix crown Xia Shuai, such as the rainbow Ying Day, magnificent and gorgeous, several layers of flowers hanging in the drape, a hundred flowers and a hundred grasses, all of which are happy and beautiful wishes.
On the day of the new marriage, folk women should also have such a prosperous life like the queen's noblewoman. I also saw the embroidered shoes and pants of the "three-inch golden lotus", the exquisite embroidery of flowers and birds, and the deformed aesthetic and cold destruction that covered up the wrapping, which is incomprehensible to today's people.
"Three inch golden lotus" embroidered shoes
In the classical furniture hall, in the same wooden box room of the black-walled black tile farmhouse, beds, cabinets, boxes, chairs, washbasin shelves, etc., a full set of dowry utensils are lined up one by one. The dowry is a festive red, which is colored with cinnabar of "one or two gold and three two Zhu", dyed with gold dots, carved dragons and phoenixes, lacquered with mud and gold, and finely crafted. The lacquered gold paintings on the bedside box cages depict folk tales such as "blowing pipes to lead the phoenix", "Liu Mei asking for directions", "Zhang Sanniang playing lions", "Zhong Kui marrying sisters", and there are also simple flowers, birds and landscape pavilions. Vermilion paint depicts gold, rich and gorgeous; black paint depicts gold, simple and simple, and there is a mysterious nobility and beauty. And mahogany, yellow pear, ebony, chicken wing wood and other valuable materials, coupled with exquisite workmanship, like a thick foundation, or a prominent background, lined with such a luxurious and gorgeous, golden and brilliant color, huanghuang yang, full of rooms flowing festive and auspicious, showing the owner's rich identity and solid family foundation.
Remember, when we were young, when we quarreled and made claims, the other party, whether it was an adult or a child, would reply: compensation! Lose you a full road red ah. This "all-road red" refers to the "ten miles of red makeup" for marrying a daughter. "Ten Miles" is somewhat exaggerated, but it is indeed a prominent pomp and circumstance to show off the dowry at that time.
In the old days, people were very concerned about whether the dowry was rich or not. I have been hesitant to say "compensation" or "accompaniment", as if it all makes sense. "Compensation" is the meaning of losing money, some grievances, some helplessness; "accompaniment" is companionship, is the deep love of parents for their daughters, and is the dependence of parents on their daughters. My eldest mother-in-law has been proud of her "all the way red" dowry of "thirty-six bars and seventy-two camels" all her life, and she can't see that my grandmother's dowry is only "twenty-four bars". In fact, my grandmother's father, for the sake of face and for the sake of his daughter, has been doing his best to sell fields and stores. On the day my grandmother married into our house, another room in the mansion also married her daughter-in-law on the same day. Previously, Grandma's father deliberately rushed to the girl's house to visit and made the same dowry, but in the end, the girl still had an extra palanquin.
Under the eaves of the folk house, as long as you open the corner of the ancient curtain of the family, you will see that each dowry is a landscape, collecting the stories of the family's sorrows and joys.
In fact, in the countryside, a grass, a stone, a small detail, may have been said, all soaked with folk color, but because we are ignorant or ignore, often ignored. For example, the pot of calamus under the eaves, such as the "stone dare to be" at the foot of the wall, such as the "cornice dripping hanging fish" hanging on the gable.
The folk meaning of "stone dare to be dang" needless to say. Calamus, is a weed that can be seen everywhere in the rural streams, is now carefully planted in bluestone pots, placed in front of the eaves, not only because of the beautiful shape, is the elixir of the gods, but also is considered to be the regeneration of the stars, the embodiment of the gods in the human world, can hide water to avoid the wind, dissolve the qi, prevent the epidemic and drive away evil spirits, is the auspicious spirit grass of the town house, every year at the Dragon Boat Festival, we must guard the portal together with wormwood. Calamus flowers are precious, and those who see flowers will have a bright future and be auspicious and noble. On weekdays, the townspeople like to plant calamus in front of the eaves, lush and lush, auspicious with each other; the literati also like to use it as a study offering, elegant and auspicious.
"Hanging fish in the eaves", have you noticed? A fish-shaped plank, also called "dripping water", hangs over the ends of the ridge, making the transition between the gable and the eaves natural and protecting the rafters from rain. The carved Pisces ancient money cloud grass pattern symbolizes the use of water to overcome fire, auspicious celebration. The most amazing thing is that as the light changes, the silhouette of the hanging fish, the shadow cast on the wall, and the wall will present a wonderful effect of staggered layers and changing changes, giving the house a three-dimensional beauty, a spiritual beauty, which makes people happy at a glance. The house also has vitality and soul. Some houses have problems with the direction of the portal due to the limitations of terrain or environment, so they hang "drip" boards on the walls that cannot open the doors, and write the words "nongshui" and "decanter water", even if the door is opened in this direction. This kind of roadlessness after the flexibility of the vast sky, once again let me marvel at the folk wisdom and imagination.
Tourist sightseeing nursery rhyme culture park
There is also the "Rice Grain Seal", a square wooden board with large tiles engraved with the word "Fu", or words such as "rich", "abundant", "Ying", and "Fa". In the old days, the rice surface of the grain hoard barn was stamped to prevent thieves. Words and seals, in the minds of the townspeople, are extremely sacred and majestic. Folk building on the beam, but also with a red cloth bag to hang on the beam, I hope that future generations will have officials, have meritorious names.
In the hall, several people looked around at a table of eight immortals. Some people say that the placement of the dining table, the direction of the wood grain on the table and the arrangement of the host and guest seats are all fixed. Some people say that there is also a kind of "crescent table", the two crescents are combined into a round table, indicating that the host is at home, if only the crescent half table is by the hall or by the window, indicating that the host travels far, the visiting guests can not stay. These words made me feel a certain inexplicable breath in an instant, a wisp of silk, rising from the wood grain and filling the courtyard.
On that day, we were at the top of the Golden Rooster Nest in Phoenix Mountain, and we saw a natural rock peak towering over the top of the mountain, which was like artificial stacking, and it is said that the Golden Rooster flew to this mountain to build the nest.
Someone built three large shrines on the rocks. Guanyin Hall, the most kind and kind god buddha in the hearts of the people, naturally centered, the right room "Nine Immortals of Heaven", dedicated to the Eight Immortals and Nezha, the left room "Emperor Palace", according to the beliefs of Fujian, should be dedicated to the "Five Manifestations of Huaguang Emperor", and here, for the first time, I saw that the main seat sat Sun Dasheng, still in the western heavens to take the scriptures of the dress, a big grin, not like other gods and Buddhas sitting precariously. I can't help but wonder, no matter what kind of rules and rituals or order you have, I only worship the gods and Buddhas that I like and admire. This is folk spontane cuteness.
Source: Mindong Daily
Editor: Sun Lijing
Review: Miao Hongtong
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