The long river of history is running endlessly, there are calm waves, there are also waves, let Xiaobian take you into history and understand history.
In May 1923, a limited express train from Pukou to Beijing on Jinpu Road was attacked by a group of bandits in Lincheng, and several foreigners were abducted. The "Lincheng carjacking case" involved foreigners, triggering diplomatic incidents, the imperialist powers proposed to jointly manage China, and the Beiyang government panicked. The domestic and foreign media are very concerned about this case, so that it has contributed to the situation, making this ticket kidnapping case confusing. Exactly who was the mastermind of the case remains a mystery.
Late on the night of May 6, 1923, a train from Pukou to Beijing was crawling slowly in the mountains at the junction of Sulu, and the passengers were already exhausted, some of them fell asleep, and some of them were watching the night view outside the window. Suddenly, the train braked urgently, and the passengers fell to the side. Rapid gunfire rang out from all directions, and then a group of raggedly dressed men rushed into the carriage, shouting and firing. The bandits ransacked the passengers' luggage. A foreigner who did not want to be at the mercy of the bandits was killed on the spot. Many foreigners in the first- and second-class carriages wore pajamas and were kicked off the bus before they could even put on their shoes. They were kidnapped.
Although bandit kidnapping cases occurred frequently during the Beiyang government, this time it was different, and many foreigners were among the kidnapped passengers. Therefore, after the kidnapping case, the unknown small town of Lincheng immediately became the focus of public opinion at home and abroad. The foreign legation immediately sent a letter of protest to the Beiyang government, strongly urging the Chinese government to take practical measures to protect foreign nationals. Britain and Japan even advocated the organization of road guards to take over China's railways. Some foreign media have used the carjacking case to advocate deepening aggression and control over China. A Boston media outlet said: "In China, where the central government is in decline, the most beautiful means to ensure the safety of American lives and property are stationed in the garrison of the US Army and Navy." China has the potential to be condoned by the great powers. The Beiyang government has been torn between crackdowns because of the complex context of the case and the fact that it could trigger a crisis of rule if it is not handled carefully.
According to the first theory, both the perpetrator and the mastermind were Sun Meiyao. Banditry is rampant in the mountains at the Sulu border. The famous bandit leaders in the region, Sun Meizhu and Sun Meiyao, originally lived a well-off life, suffered from the oppression of bandits and officers and soldiers, desperately took risks, burned their own family business, and fell into the grass. This band of bandits was favored by the Guangdong revolutionary government when it was first founded, and once had the nickname of "Shandong Jianguo Autonomous Army" and Guanfang, with Sun Meizhu as the commander-in-chief. The Guangdong revolutionary government sent allied members who had studied military affairs in Japan to serve as Sun Bu's chief of staff.
After the warlords directly under their command came to power, they advocated the reunification of the whole country by force and intensified military operations to suppress bandits. Sun Meizhu was killed in the government's crackdown on bandits. Since then, Sun Meiyao has become the eldest brother of this gang of bandits. Shortly before the incident, Sun Meiyao and more than 1,000 remnants of bandits had been suppressed by the Shandong overseer Tanaka Yubu in Baoligu, facing the danger of running out of ammunition and food. This dangerous situation led to Sun Meiyao and others taking risks.
The kidnappers put forward the conditions for the release of the hostages: all the troops besieging Baoligu were withdrawn; the governor of Shandong Province stepped down; Wu Peifu, who was responsible for the "February 7" massacre; the right to use the Jiaoji Railway was withdrawn from foreigners; they were reorganized into a brigade, with Sun Meiyao as the brigade commander and supplied with arms.
The government categorically refused their demands and decided to encircle and suppress them, but feared that the foreign hostages would be torn apart by bandits. Therefore, the officials and bandits talk about fighting. However, the great powers had long lost their patience and stepped up pressure on the Beiyang government. The Beiyang government was forced to reach an agreement with the kidnappers to reorganize the entire bandit army. Men, women, and children on the mountain are given a certificate to avoid death, and those who do not want to enlist are allowed to return home. All the hostages were released. After the agreement was signed, this bandit army was officially reorganized into the newly organized 11th Brigade in Shandong, and Sun Meiyao became the brigade commander. The sensational carjacking case has finally been put to rest.
However, the matter did not end, and the Beiyang government was grumpy about Sun Meiyao's foreign-related incidents, especially his request to punish Wu Peifu, a direct descendant, which made this powerful Beiyang tycoon very angry. Finally took an opportunity to remove this thorn in the eye. Sun Meiyao, the army of bandits that had shaken Chinese politics, eventually paid the price for his impulses.
Judging from the occurrence and final outcome of the ticket kidnapping case, we have reason to believe that this is just a simple bandit robbery. However, in terms of their modus operandi and the set of political demands they have made, it seems that it is not just a case of bandit kidnapping.
The second theory is that the planning behind the case is related to the Anhui family. According to newspapers at the time, most of the bandits were former Xin'an Wu army and Anhui troops. A battalion commander stationed in Lincheng recalled that after the incident, he had once caught an Anhui spy, saying that the mountain was sent by the Anfu clan to send money to the bandits in the mountain, and said that at this time Sun Meiyao had been appeased by the Anhui clan.
According to the Zilinxi Bao, relevant foreigners have said that if the captives in Lincheng are not released as soon as possible, the diplomatic corps intends to expel all Chinese political trappers from the foreign concessions. The diplomatic community is carefully considering this matter... If it is found that there are any parties and politicians behind the bandits who take the initiative, it is imperative.
It can be seen that the great powers also suspect that the kidnapping case is related to factional struggles, implying that the Anhui clan did it. After the Anhui warlords, especially the Anfu clan, were wanted by the Beiyang government headed by their direct families after they stepped down, they avoided entering the concession one after another. That's why the Great Powers issued such a warning.
The third theory is that the case was planned by Japanese spies. After the incident, the Japanese side repeatedly proposed armed management of China's railways, and even proposed international condominium in China, which aroused people's attention, and it was believed that this carjacking case was planned by Japan. It is said that one of the bandits was a Japanese staff officer sent by the Japanese Kwantung Army, Ito Jiyoshi, who planned the carjacking.
Corroborating evidence for this is that many Japanese usually take this train, but at the time of the crime, there were no Japanese on the train. At that time, the "North China ZhengBao" reported that according to Chinese officials, the Japanese governor of Sakhalian, A Certain Clan, also purchased a ticket from Nanjing on the day of his presidency, and because he received a report, he cancelled the ticket.
The abducted passenger, Mr. Bao, said he had heard that some Japanese had bought full train tickets from Shanghai to Beijing, but when the blue-steel train arrived in Xuzhou, they took advantage of the night and jumped off the train to leave. This has to make people suspect that the Japanese side already knew about this conspiracy before the incident.
After the incident, Japanese diplomats pushed the waves and put forward many unreasonable demands for expanding china's rights and interests, which caused great indignation among the Chinese people and also made people suspect that the Japanese side may be related to the carjacking case.
After the Lincheng carjacking case occurred, the imperialist powers put pressure on China, and there was a great trend of black clouds pressing on the city to destroy it, and even some people pessimistically believed that the Gengzi incident would repeat itself, but with the passage of time, the Lincheng carjacking case was nothing more than a false alarm, but why this false alarm occurred, it is still foggy.
Well, today's sharing ends here, and we'll see you next time