The term "ten thousand enemies" first came from the "History of Xiang Yu Benji", which refers to the art of war. However, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei, who are ten thousand enemies, refer to their superiority in force and their bravery and good at war.
"Ten Thousand Enemies" was first recorded in the "History of Xiang Yu Benji" and "History of Xiang Yu Benji", when Xiang Liang taught Xiang Yu to read and swordplay, Xiang Yu was not interested in learning for a few days, and also said that "reading to learn to be able to remember names is enough, swordplay can only be enemy of one person, it is not worth learning, to learn to learn the skills of the enemy of ten thousand people." So Xiang Liang taught Xiang Yu the art of war.
Book: 'The book is enough to bear the name and surname.' The sword is one enemy, not enough to learn, learn ten thousand enemies. So Xiang Liang taught the art of war.
The enemy here clearly refers to the art of war, and this generation name has been quoted by many people in later generations.
Guan Yu and Zhang Fei were also once called "enemies of ten thousand people", and in the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms: The Biography of Guan Zhang Ma Zhao Huang", it is mentioned that Cheng Yu and others referred to Guan Yu and Zhang Fei as "enemies of ten thousand people".
(Zhang) Fei xiong is majestic and mighty, less than Guan Yu, Wei Mouchen Cheng Yu and other salty yu, fei wanren enemies also
In the "Fu Zi", it is also recorded that Fu Gan and Guo Jia both once referred to Guan Yu and Zhang Fei as "enemies of ten thousand people".
Jia Yan said to Taizu: "Zhang Fei and Guan Yu are the enemies of all people." ”
Fu Gan: "Zhang Fei and Guan Yu are brave and righteous, and they are the enemies of all people"
However, according to the historical records, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei's ten thousand enemies are not the same as the meaning in the "History of Xiang Yu Benji", which means that the two of them are excellent in martial arts. In the Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms, Guan Zhangma, Zhao Huang, said that Guan Yu and Zhang Fei were "enemies of ten thousand people", the preceding sentence was "(Zhang) Fei is majestic and mighty". The adjective majestic is obviously used to describe Guan Zhang's strong and powerful martial arts, rather than being proficient in the art of war.
This can also be verified from Liu Ye's statement that Guan Yu and Zhang Fei "bravely crowned the three armies", and Zhou Yu said that Guan Yu and Zhang Fei were "generals of the bear and tiger".
During the Southern and Northern Dynasties of the Two Jin Dynasties shortly thereafter, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei were also often used to describe fierce generals.
For example, liu Wei took the lead every time he went to war, "trapping the strong and destroying the front, and Ji Fang was better than Guan Yu and Zhang Fei." Li Yu of the Western Jin Dynasty was good at riding and shooting, and his martial arts were outstanding, and he was known as "a moment of passing, Zhang Ye". Tan Daoji's two soldiers, Xue Tong and Gao Jinzhi, were brave and fierce, "when compared with Guan Yu and Zhang Fei".
There was also Yang Dayan, who was known as the first fierce general of the Southern and Northern Dynasties and the brave champion of the three armies, and the evaluation of him by the world at that time was only comparable to Guan Yu and Zhang Fei, "thinking that Guan and Zhang Fu were also wrong."
Later, there was also the saying that "after the Han Dynasty, the brave will push Guan Zhang", which shows that the strength of Guan Yu and Zhang Fei's force was very famous after the Three Kingdoms.
From the experience of Guan Yu and Zhang Fei, it should also be noted that Cheng Yu and Guo Jia told Cao Cao that Guan Yu and Zhang Fei were "enemies of ten thousand people", when Liu Bei was defeated by Lü Bu and had to be surrendered to Cao Cao.
Prior to this, Liu Bei was first attached to Gongsun Zhan, and there were only more than a thousand horses under his command. Later, when he arrived in Xuzhou, he switched to Tao Qian, but it was expanded to 5,000 people. Liu Bei waited until Tao Qian died and obtained Xuzhou, and his strength increased immediately after being attacked by Yuan Shu, and soon because Lü Bu rebelled, he attacked Xia Pi, so he was defeated, leaving only a few thousand men and horses.
Liu Bei was cornered and could only lose his sincerity to Lü Bu and was able to settle down in Xiao Pei. As a result, it did not take long for Lü Bu to turn his face again and send troops to attack Xiao Pei, but Liu Bei could not resist and went to vote for Cao Cao.
Obviously, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei either did not have many soldiers and horses to take during this period, or they were defeated all the way, and it was impossible to have the opportunity to show how much they had accomplished in the art of war. However, they relied on their own martial courage and performed well in battle with small troops, and it was more reasonable to play a prestigious name.
Guan Yu and Zhang Fei's actual combat experience can also prove this in the Battle of Baima, Guan Yu rushed into the Yuan army as a vanguard and killed Yan Liang, the main general of the Yuan army.
The spurs are good among the multitude, behead them, and the shoguns will not be able to do so
Although Yan Liang has no deeds recorded in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Xun Yu and Frustrated Zhi both mentioned that he was highly skilled in martial arts, known as "Xiao Yong", and was also recognized as a fierce general at that time. And it was such a fierce general, but under the protection of many guards, he was directly killed by Guan Yu, and finally he was cut off his head and brought back, which shows the strength of Guan Yu's martial arts.
And Zhang Fei's record is not bad. When Liu Bei was defeated in the Battle of Yang, Zhang Fei and twenty cavalry broke the bridge, and challenged the pursuing soldiers at the Changsaka Bridge, and as a result, no one dared to approach the pursuing soldiers, and Liu Bei was able to escape smoothly.
Flying according to the water broken bridge, the blind spear said: "As Zhang Yideye, you can come to the joint decision to die!" "No enemy dares to approach
Although the cao army in the historical Battle of Dangyang did not have half a million people in the yanyi, there were only five thousand cavalry. However, these five thousand cavalry were carefully selected by Cao Cao from Cao's army, which also included the most elite tiger and leopard horses of Cao's army.
The Tiger and Leopard Rider, known as the "Sharpest in the World", is made from a hundred miles in the military, and its combat effectiveness is by no means comparable to that of ordinary soldiers. He excelled in Cao Cao's battle to pacify Hebei, killing Yuan Tan at the Battle of Nanpi and capturing Shan Yu (Shan Yu) in the Northern Expedition again.
Tigers and leopards ride, all the world is sharp, or from a hundred people will make up for it
However, it was such an elite unit, threatening a great victory, facing Zhang Fei and the twenty cavalry, but did not dare to come forward and retreat without a fight. From here, you can see the grandeur of Zhang Feiwei's fame.
In summary, whether from the evaluation of others or the actual combat performance of Guan Yu and Zhang Fei, their title of "enemy of ten thousand people" obviously describes the high martial arts, rather than the art of war.
Of course, this does not mean that Guan Yu and Zhang Fei only have the courage of Pifu. Guan Yu once defeated Cao Cao's famous generals Cao Ren and Yu Ban, flooded the Seventh Army, and threatened Huaxia, forcing Cao Cao to almost move the capital. Zhang Fei, on the other hand, defeated the famous Cao Wei general Zhang Guo, who made Zhuge Liang very jealous, and killed the other side and destroyed a whole army.
Therefore, the command ability of Guan Zhang and zhang was also excellent, but in the early days, Liu Bei's strength was too weak, so that many people only noticed their brave and good fighting side.