@Xiao Nezha talks about the 127th historical novel of Wenshi original.
My hometown is a small city in western Liaoning, the full name is Qaraqin Left-Wing Mongol Autonomous County, referred to as Kazuo for short. Further north are Chifeng and Tongliao in Inner Mongolia, where there are many Mongols. I was interested in Khalkha because it was also the territory of the Mongols, and two of the words were also "Ka", which seemed to become my lingering nostalgia, so I wrote this article today. One is to help everyone recall a little-known Mongolian region, and the other is to record their homesickness!
To say that Khalkha is actually the general name of northern Mongolia in the Manchu Qing Dynasty, if you trace back to the end of the 15th century, after the 15th grandson of Yuan Taizu unified eastern Mongolia, he unified the southern and northern desert, and then divided into two wings, and Khalkha belongs to the left wing, and is divided into 12 parts: 5 parts inside and 7 parts outside, and after the Qing Dynasty has been organized, the inner 5 parts have evolved into Inner Mongolia, which belongs to the territory of China. The Outer 7 are still called Khalkha, but they refer to the Outer Mongolia in the northern part of the desert! This Outer Mongolia is now an independent Mongolia!
If I say this, is it more understandable?
Yes, there were actually four tribes in the Manchu Qing Dynasty, namely: the Tushetu Khanate, the Zasaktu Khanate, the Chechen Khanate, and the Saiyin Noyan!
The names of these four tribes are very "biting", and it is a bit difficult to remember. But mention a beautiful girl Baori Longmei, I believe everyone will know at once, because this girl is no one else, she is the daughter of the patriarch of the Khalkha Tu Xie Tu Khan, that is, she directly built the link between Khalkha and the Manchu Qing, she is also a woman that Kangxi loves very much, but she cannot marry into the family!
So today, let's talk about the past and present lives of Khalkha, and talk about the love story between Baori Longmei and the Kangxi Emperor!
1. Tribute of the Nine Whites
It is said that after the fall of the Ming Dynasty in 1644 and the entry of the Qing army into the customs, the feudal lords of Khalkha (Outer Mongolia) did not want to find trouble, of course, they did not have the strength to compete with the Manchu Qing at that time, and then established their own portal. Although these feudal lords also liked cattle and sheep, their people, and vast territories, they liked to fiddle with swords, guns, swords, and swords, they liked to eat raw meat, drink hot blood, and kill people without blinking. But they knew the stakes of Nurhaci, Huang Taiji, and Dolgun, and they knew that although these people did not gallop across the grasslands, they were also killed and killed in the primitive forest, and people could occupy Beijing, and they had the ability!
In fact, as early as 1635, when the Ming Dynasty and Nurhaci's Houjin regime coexisted, several feudal lords in Khalkha paid tribute to Houjin every year, and the tribute was one white camel and eight white horses, although there were not many things, but the color head was good, and it was called "Nine White Tribute" at that time!
Later, Emperor Taiji thought of maintaining a good relationship with Mongolia, and it was best not to use a shot and a cannon, so that this Khalkha belonged to the Manchu Qing completely. Unfortunately, before these things were done, Huang Taiji died. However, during the Shunzhi period, around 1655, the Manchu Qing dynasty took a good step closer to the relationship with Outer Mongolia, so that the Tushetu Khan and zasaktu Khan departments had a clear sense of belonging!
Unfortunately, although these tribes were intimidated by the prestige of the Manchu Qing, there was little unity between the tribes. You rob my sheep, I beat your people, and I take advantage of the dark wind in the night to rob your territory, fighting back and forth, and the last to gain the upper hand is the Tushetu Khan' Department.
The situation at that time was that there was also a Dzungar tribe in the west of The Khalkha, and this tribe was incredible. After studying the maps at that time, you will find that the Manchu Qing territory at that time was shaped like a narrow carrot, and further west was Khalkha, and from Khalkha to the west was Dzungar. The territory of this Dzungar was much larger than that of Khalkha, and the leader of the Dzungars at that time, Kaldan, was even more ruthless than the leader of the Tushetu Khanate!
As soon as Kaldan saw that several tribes within Khalkha were fighting, they were no longer united, and they had the opportunity to take advantage of it, and immediately launched a large-scale attack on Khalkha, when the terrible battle was fought from Foxiao until midnight, and there were corpses of people and horses on the ground, and the tribal leaders and sons of the chieftains of Tushetu Khan were all left, all of them were killed, only Baori Longmei, the daughter of the patriarch of Tushetu Khan, escaped, and her father Khan took out from his arms the golden seal of the post granted by the Qing Dynasty and came to Beijing to find Kangxi, and Baori Longmei fled to Beijing. Firmly remember the words that my father said before he died: Only the emperor of the Qing Dynasty can help us regain the cattle, sheep and people, and regain our territory!
2. Three Signs of Gardan
Although Baori Longmei successfully met the Kangxi Emperor and cried with him about the destruction of Khalkha, and let Kangxi avenge her father's murder and regain the territory belonging to their clan no matter what, Kangxi did not have any expression on his face, he did not want to help Baori Longmei, but with the strength at that time, he was not yet The opponent of Kaldan, if he rushed to shoot, it was tantamount to hitting a stone with an egg! Therefore, he could only say one word to Baori Longmei: "It is clear!"
At the critical moment when Kangxi was waiting for the timing to ripen, the eldest brother Yinzhen fell in love with Baori Longmei, but between the father and son of Kangxi and Yinzhen, Baori Longmei did not choose the young and handsome Yinzhen, but finally chose Kangxi, who held the imperial power!
Because after Baori Longmei saw Kangxi's hesitation to conquer Kaldan, he had his own idea: If he conceived Kangxi's children and became pregnant with dragon species, would Kangxi protect them as a Mongol tribe forever? What good would it be if he married the eldest brother Yinzhen?
This was the best way that Bao Ri Longmei could think of as a woman at that time!
How could she know that taking Gardan was also Kangxi's ideal, and in order to stabilize Kaldan, who was becoming more and more powerful, Kangxi even married his favorite daughter Lan Qi'er to Kaldan in order to win time through marriage until time was ripe.
But even so, Kangxi finally took a lot of effort to take Gardan! Of course, it also hurt an old father's heart, because he destroyed no one else, but the husband of his beloved daughter!
But fortunately, in the eyes of Baori Longmei, Kangxi finally helped her destroy Kaldan, and she also received the emperor's favor in a very active way and successfully conceived the dragon seed.
But she refused Kangxi's offer to marry her, saying that her life belonged only to the grassland, only to the hot land that had been lost and regained, and her request to Kangxi was to let the children she gave birth to become local rulers after they reached adulthood and enjoy the protection of the Manchu Qing forever!
Baori Longmei gave Kangxi love, but in the end, under Kangxi's reluctant gaze, he became a distant red dust!
And Kangxi also completed several extremely important events in this life, casting his own great cause of an emperor for thousands of years!
In the thirtieth year of Kangxi, Kangxi and the chiefs of inner Mongolia and Outer Mongolia held the "Duolun Hui League", retaining the three khalkha tribes, and at the same time giving the tribal leaders titles, like Inner Mongolia, enjoying the titles and establishment of princes and county kings of the Manchu Qing. Of course, any system stipulated by the Manchu Qing Dynasty, you Khalkha must also be fully implemented. At that time, it was the time when the Manchu Qing and Outer Mongolia were most closely related!
3. "Khalkha" in the New Era
But in the 20th century, few people remembered the name Khalkha.
For Outer Mongolia, which has undergone several historical reshuffles, the West calls it a mysterious country.
For the link between Outer Mongolia and China, it is commendable that it belongs to an important international communication line in the 20th century, spanning the vast desert and the Gobi and becoming the link between China and the Soviet Union!
After World War II, Outer Mongolia became independent. In the Yalta Agreement, Outer Mongolia was agreed by the United States, Britain and the Soviet Union that "the status quo of Outer Mongolia must be maintained"! At that time, the Kuomintang agreed to this demand in order to prevent the Soviet Union from helping the CCP! In this way, on January 5, 1946, the Kuomintang government issued a proclamation saying that Outer Mongolia was independent! This behavior is equivalent to "dividing" outer Mongolia!
Later, Zhou Enlai consulted Mao Zedong for his opinion on Outer Mongolia, and Mao Zedong said that since outer Mongolia's independence had become a fact, let's respect this fact!
This led to the formal establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Mongolia on October 16, 1949!
In the next few years, China and Mongolia successively signed the "Sino-Mongolian Treaty of Friendship and Mutual Assistance" and other treaties, and also exchanged maps to determine the boundary issue between the two countries!
Since then, Greater China and Mongolia have become friendly and mutually helpful countries...
Regarding the past and present lives of Khalkha, people remember more about the Kangxi Three Expeditions to Kaldan, remembering the countless Manchu-Mongolian intermarriages after the Manchu Qing Dynasty, remembering the romantic woman Baori Longmei, and of course, the delicious fat sheep... And I, I always miss the Mongolian town where I was born, and the sun climbing up from the end of the mountain is particularly beautiful...