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#History##大决战 #
Compared with the Northeast Field Army, the Central Plains Field Army, and the East China Field Army, the "drama" of the Northwest Field Army in the Liberation War does not seem to be very much, but the vast northwest battlefield has never been a chicken rib.
For a long time, the strength of the Northwest Field Army was less than 100,000, and under the command of commander and political commissar Peng Dehuai, hu pinned down more than 400,000 troops of Hu Zongnan, so that the Kuomintang troops in the northwest region did not dare to cross the Tong Pass at all.
Peng Dehuai
By June 1948, the situation of the great decisive battle between the Kuomintang and the Communists had become more and more obvious, and the tense situation in the Central Plains Battlefield made Chiang Kai-shek order Hu Zongnan more than once to send troops to reinforce the Central Plains. Unfortunately, driven by Peng Dehuai's constant offensive and the idea of preserving strength, Hu Zongnan only airlifted the reorganized 30th Division to Taiyuan, and could no longer send a single soldier.
However, the situation of the Northwest Field Army was also very difficult, and after the battles of Xifu and Longdong, the troops were seriously injured, which made Hu Zongnan's mentality optimistic, thinking that this was a good time to launch a new offensive. His judgment also influenced Chiang Kai-shek, who sent a telegram to Hu Zongnan: "Seize a thousand-year opportunity, cross the border regardless of region, and make the northwest war situation better." ”
Therefore, while the Central Plains Battlefield was in full swing, the Northwest Field Army and the southern Huzong army broke out three major battles on the Yellow Land: the Battle of Chenghe, the Battle of Libei, and the Northwest Winter Campaign.
Chenghe Campaign: In June and July 1948, Hu Zongnan assembled about 100,000 people of the reorganized 1st Division, 17th Division, 36th Division, 38th Division, and 39th Division, and encroached on the Huanglongshan area in an attempt to blockade the Northwest Field Army in the mountains and wait for an opportunity to annihilate.
Faced with the pressure of the large army, Peng Dehuai decided to launch an attack on the reorganized Thirty-sixth Division and take them out of the enemy formation to destroy them. At dawn on August 8, the First, Second, Third, Fourth, and Sixth Columns of the Northwest Field Army launched a general offensive against the reorganized Thirty-sixth Division. Less than 30 kilometers from the reorganized Thirty-sixth Division, the enemy's reorganized Seventeenth Division and the Thirty-eighth Division were afraid of losses and did not dare to actively reinforce.
In the end, the defeated reorganized 36th Division escaped through Heyang and Chengcheng, and the Northwest Field Army pursued until August 13, taking advantage of the victory to recover a large area of land. In this battle, our army killed and wounded 3,000 people, including Zhu Xia, deputy commander of the reorganized 36th Division, and captured 6,000 people, including Zhang Xianjue, chief of staff of the division, and Li Xiu, major general of the Ministry of National Defense.
Battle of Libei: After the Battle of Chenghe, Hu Zongnan did not dare to attack again, and put on a defensive posture, at the same time, the various departments also restored the number of the army and division. Peng Dehuai decided to launch a new campaign, targeting the Nationalist Seventeenth and Thirty-eighth Armies in the area around Dali.
Pre-war mobilization in the Battle of Libei
On October 5, 1948, more than 60,000 men of the Northwest Field Army attacked the Seventeenth Army in all directions, and after achieving great results, the First, Second, and Third Columns began to turn to attack the Thirty-eighth Army. On the night of the 7th, the enemy suffered heavy losses and began to retreat, but Hu Zongnan immediately mobilized 6 divisions to launch a counterattack. The Northwest Field Army was unfavorable to fight again, and on the evening of October 12, it stopped its attack and moved to the Hancheng and Huanglong areas.
At the end of the Battle of Libei, our army annihilated 25,000 enemy troops, destroyed 2 aircraft and 2 tanks, and captured a large number of heavy weapons.
Northwest Winter Campaign: In early November 1948, in order to cooperate with the Huaihai Campaign launched by Nakano and Huaye, and to solve the grain problem of the troops, Peng Dehuai led his troops to launch a large-scale offensive operation against the Kuomintang army in Pucheng, Yaoxian, Tongchuan and other places.
On 12 November, columns of the Northwest Field Army began to advance toward the enemy. Under the flexible mobile offensive of our army, the Kuomintang army was dizzy and dizzy. After some mobilization, the Nationalist army was dispersed, and the Seventy-sixth Army was isolated. Peng Dehuai immediately ordered the main forces of the Second Column and the Third Column to attack and completely annihilate the enemy's Seventy-sixth Army.
The Northwest Winter Campaign lasted half a month, annihilating 25,000 enemy and capturing Li Riji, the commander of major general of the Kuomintang 76th Army.
The Northwest Field Army marched on the road
The three winter battles of Chenghe, Libei, and Northwest Annihilated nearly 60,000 enemies, successfully pinned down Hu Zongnan, coordinated with strategic decisive battles on other battlefields, and consolidated and expanded the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Liberated Area.
After a series of victories, the Northwest Field Army also grew to 155,000 men, organized into 8 columns, each commanded by:
Zhang Zongxun, commander of the First Column, was awarded the rank of general in 1955;
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Wang Zhen, commander of the Second Column, was awarded the rank of general in 1955;
Xu Guangda, commander of the Third Column, was awarded the rank of General in 1955;
Wang Shitai, commander of the Fourth Column, was appointed deputy director of the National Construction Commission in 1955, without the title;
Luo Yuanfa, commander of the Sixth Column, was awarded the rank of lieutenant general in 1955;
Commander of the Seventh Column, Peng Shaohui, was awarded the rank of general in 1955;
Yao Zhe, commander of the Eighth Column, was awarded the rank of lieutenant general in 1955.
On February 1, 1949, the Northwest Field Army was renamed the First Field Army and began to march into the wider northwest.