<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="3" >[Editor's Note].</h1>
"Without the health of the whole people, there will be no comprehensive well-off." Focusing on the work goal of "improving the health and well-being of the masses and jointly building and sharing a healthy Shenyang", in February 2021, Shenyang Issued the "Implementation Plan for the Popularization of Health Knowledge in Shenyang". In order to better implement the requirements of the plan, further popularize the basic knowledge and skills of health literacy, continuously expand the coverage of health knowledge popularization, guide the masses to establish a correct concept of health, and advocate a healthy and civilized lifestyle. From now on, the Shenyang Municipal Health Commission has launched a series of science popularization lectures on health knowledge popularization actions. Today, let's take a look at the content of the second part of Chapter 12, "Traditional Chinese Medicine".
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="6" > two and four seasons of food and nutrition are different</h1>
The fundamental cause of the changes in everything in the world is the change of yin and yang at the four o'clock. Four-season diet health refers to the change of time, climate, phenology, yin and yang of the four seasons of the year, in line with seasonal changes to adjust the diet, in order to achieve a state of harmony and unity between man and nature. "The way to maintain health, do not precede food." According to different seasons, choose to take different foods to achieve the health purpose of balancing yin and yang, dredging meridians, and reconciling qi and blood, which can prolong life, and mastering these principles and methods has important guiding significance for health care practice.
(1) How to feed in the spring
1. Seasonal characteristics of spring.
Spring refers to the day from the beginning of spring to the day of the beginning of summer, in this period of time, after the secret of mid-winter, the yang qi has been strong and strong, the yang qi in nature is in order, all things are born, a vigorous and upward, full of vitality, reflecting the natural trend of sublimation, outward stretching, and release and release of all things between heaven and earth. This is the correspondence between heaven and earth and all things in spring yin and yang.
2. Health problems that are easy for the human body to appear in spring.
Yang qi is the main qi of spring, but it is related to the secrets of winter. The yang qi in nature originated from the winter solstice, due to the nourishment of the essence of winter, to the festival of spring, the yang qi began to flourish, with the ability to generate all things, but it has not yet reached the peak, so it is called Shaoyang. The vitality of the human body corresponds to the growth of the yang qi in spring. After the closure of the mid-winter season, the maintenance of the kidneys and essence, the human liver and gallbladder spring qi also reflect the characteristics of the body's less yang, happy to publicize the smooth and smooth, sublimation and drainage, and evil depression. Spring diet and health care must follow the characteristics of yang qi in nature in spring, emphasize the qi of nourishing the liver and gallbladder, and coordinate with the natural yang and spring qi.
In the spring, the sun is sunny and warm, and when it is cloudy and rainy, it is cold and difficult, and there is often a cold air in the early spring, so that people can relive the cold of winter. These meteorological causative factors are especially obvious in the spring, and can cause a variety of diseases, such as fatigue, drowsiness, dizziness, anxiety, insomnia, poor memory, bloating, lack of food, chest tightness and other "spring sleepiness" phenomena (modernly known as "spring meteorological allergies"), joint pain, and even the onset of old diseases. Spring is also the high incidence of influenza, diphtheria, mumps, brain and other infectious diseases season, at this time is also prone to hepatitis, scarlet fever, chicken pox and other infectious diseases, neurodermatitis, urticaria, acne and other skin diseases are also frequent in the spring, gastrointestinal diseases also occur frequently.
3. Ingredients should be used in spring.
Spring should conform to the positive trend of yang qi in nature, and be consistent with the trend of sprouting and growing and thriving upwards of all things in heaven and earth, support the yang qi of the body, smooth the liver and gallbladder qi machine, avoid various pathogenic factors in spring, maintain the exuberance of the human body's less yang qi, and lay a solid foundation for the "long" cultivation in summer. Spring diet and health should pay attention to nourishing yang qi and nourishing liver and gallbladder qi.
(1) Ingredients for nourishing yang qi. Foods with warm characteristics can help the yang, and eat more foods that can warm and replenish the yang in the spring can achieve the purpose of maintaining the yang. The elderly who have insufficient yang qi can take this opportunity to warm the yang in the body, such as eating leeks to warm the yang and promote the growth of yang; people with cold stomach can take some ginger sugar water every day to prevent and treat colds and warm stomachs. However, at this time, the yang qi is less yang, it is only advisable to help it rise, and under normal circumstances, it is not necessary to make up for it, such as stewed dog meat, mutton and the like. The ancients believed that the spring staple food should be a variety of pasta processed from "sweet and cool" wheat, and then served with some rice porridge; Side dishes are mainly selected as "spicy and sweet products", such as onions, leeks, carrots, peanuts, cabbage, chicken, pork and so on. Because the spring climate is mild, the human body's yang qi begins to rise, the metabolism is vigorous, and using xingan food to help yang can be conducive to metabolism. With the use of "sweet and cool staple food", it can prevent the yang qi from being too strong.
Early spring climate "warm and cold", people are prone to colds, the ancients believed that early spring should eat spicy, such as peppers, ginger and the like, can prevent the cold of early spring from hurting people. Nowadays, people believe that red fruits and vegetables such as red peppers and red apples can make the human body produce a heat energy and anti-cold factor, and cherries can resist cold viruses and accelerate recovery. However, patients with hypertension and hyperactivity of liver and yang should not eat spicy and hair-raising products in the spring to prevent the liver and yang from rising too much and aggravating the disease.
(2) Ingredients for nourishing liver qi. Liver master body less yang spring life qi, its sexual rise, like to vent the strip, but the body yin and yang, sexual rigidity and irritability, its qi is easy to depressed and easy to hyperactive, spring health should be based on these characteristics of the liver for maintenance. Green fruits and vegetables, is the spring timely food, food can help Changchun vitality, such as kelp color green for liver thinning products, can accelerate skin blood circulation, but also improve the ability to resist early spring cold; acid is the right taste of spring, can produce all things, so "liver desire acid", spring can appropriately eat some sour food to prevent hair growth too much, such as vitamin C containing food and fruits containing organic acid, as well as sweet and sour and sour dishes. However, overeating sour taste can cause many diseases, such as sour taste will hurt tendons, tendon disease can not eat more acid: the taste is too sour, it is easy to hurt the spleen and stomach, so we must pay attention to "saving acid and increasing sweetness" to inhibit the liver and spleen.
Ganren tonifies the spleen, you can choose jujube porridge, to supplement the spleen and lungs, increase the defense function of the body surface health qi. Folk proverb cloud: "To make the skin good, increase the jujube in the porridge." Spinach taste sweet, good spleen and stomach, nourish yin and dry, beef flat taste sweet, has the effect of tonifying qi, strengthening the spleen and nourishing the stomach, strengthening the muscles and bones, all should be eaten at this time. In addition, in the spring, according to the theory of "filling the dirt with dirt" in Traditional Chinese medicine, the liver can be supplemented with liver. People with insufficient liver and yin blood have a weak ability to adapt to spring climate change, often have angular cheilitis, chapped lips, and it is advisable to eat pork liver boiled spinach. Pork liver and spinach nourish the liver yin and can enhance the body's defense function. Elderly patients with chronic bronchitis are prone to illness in the spring, so it is advisable to eat more expectorant, spleen, kidney, lung-nourishing foods, such as pears, loquats, lotus seeds, lilies, honey, etc., should not eat too greasy and spicy things.
After the temperature rises in the spring, bacteria and viruses are also very active, so we should eat more foods that are conducive to regulating immune function, and can eat more selenium-rich foods, such as quail eggs, sesame seeds, almonds, goji berries, cowpeas, yellow cauliflower, etc., to improve the immune function of the human body and help health care. Also eat more fruits and vegetables, take enough vitamins and minerals to enhance physical fitness, and ensure at least 4 kinds of vegetables and more than 2 kinds of fruits every day. Celery, spring shoots, broccoli, Chinese cabbage, rape, bell pepper, tomatoes, citrus, lemons and other rich in vitamin C, with antiviral effects; carrots, amaranth and other yellow-green vegetables are rich in vitamin A, with protection and enhancement of the upper respiratory tract mucosa and respiratory organ epithelial cells function, can enhance the ability to resist the invasion of various pathogenic factors; sesame, green cabbage, cauliflower and other foods rich in vitamin E, can improve the body's immune function, enhance the body's disease resistance.
4. Spring diet should be avoided.
Spring diet should be warm, avoid raw and cold, mainly flat supplements, avoid big spicy hot tonics.
Avoid eating "hair objects", such as shrimp, crabs and other foods, otherwise the old disease is very easy to recur.
Be careful to eat spicy and greasy and irritating foods, including lamb, dog meat, quail, buckwheat, fennel, onions, peppercorns and fried peanuts, fried melon seeds, marine fish, shrimp and spicy things, and eat more light vegetables, beans and soy products.
It is not advisable to eat more fatty foods such as fatty meat, because greasy food is easy to produce a feeling of fullness after eating, and the human body will also produce fatigue.
It is not advisable to eat sour and astringent products, so as not to affect the rise of spring yang qi and damage the temper.
Should not eat allergies to fruits, such as mango, pineapple, etc., spring is a highly sensitive period, fruit is also one of the allergens, allergies will appear redness, peeling, itching and other symptoms at the corners of the mouth, commonly known as "fruit rash".
5. Spring food and medicinal diet.
Spring food and nutrition emphasize the promotion of supplements, focusing on Fuyang, conforming to the liver Yang Qi growth, in order to prevent spring cold from hurting people.
【Shallot white and red date chicken porridge】
Composition, 10 red dates (pitted), 5 white onions, 100 grams of chicken with bones, 10 grams of turnips, 10 grams of ginger, 100 grams of japonica rice.
Preparation: Japonica rice. Chicken, ginger, red dates first boil porridge, porridge into the porridge and then add white onion, turnip, seasoning, once a day.
Effect: Wind and cold, know-how. It is used for rhinitis caused by the lungs of wind chills, and the symptoms of itching, swelling, frequent sneezing, nasal congestion, a large amount of nasal discharge, and even headaches, tinnitus, hearing impairment and other symptoms may occur.
【Wood ear chrysanthemum fish ball】
Composition: 30 grams of black fungus, 20 grams of fresh white chrysanthemums, 200 grams of raw fish (sea carp or grass carp can be), 15 rose petals, 5 eggs, monosodium glutamate, cooking wine, sesame oil and salt.
Preparation method: after the black fungus is watered, chopped together with chrysanthemums, the fish is shredded and crushed into puree, the three are mixed, put into a small basin, add a little sesame oil, cooking wine, monosodium glutamate and salt, make a ball shape; take 5 egg whites, stir with chopsticks to thicken. Then, put the fish meatballs into the matched egg whites and dip them well, fish out and put them in the center of the plate, take a few rose petals, paste them on the outer edge of the fish balls around the plate, and finally put the whole plate of fish balls on the steaming drawer of the pot and steam for 10 minutes, ready to eat.
Effect: Nourish yin and nourish blood, activate blood and dispel stasis, dredge wind and communication.
【Other medicinal diets】
In spring, you can drink honey black tea and green onion white ginger tea, which has the effect of protecting the liver and dispelling cold. Porridge porridge, schisandra fresh shellfish porridge, black rice porridge, red date porridge, etc. have the effect of strengthening the spleen and nourishing the liver and kidneys, all of which are suitable for spring consumption, in addition to eating leek pork liver soup, black fungus fried pork liver, eggplant juice green fish fillet, etc.
(2) How to feed in summer
1. Seasonal characteristics of summer.
Summer is from summer to autumn, the summer is steaming, the sun is scorching, the rain is abundant, and most of the plants have entered the flowering and fruiting period, so it is the season of prosperity and beauty of all things. But the anode is yin, so after the summer solstice, yin can be born. Although yin qi has been born, it is still in its infancy, and it has not been able to have the power to suppress yang qi, and the heavens and the earth are still dominated by yang qi and longevity. The human body is characterized by vigorous yang qi as its main vitality.
Long summer is another concept of the season beyond the four o'clock, often referring to a period of time at the turn of summer and autumn. Wet is the main gas of long summer, in many parts of China, especially in the south, it is hot and rainy, and wet disease is more common in this season. This season has the highest humidity in the air, and the most people are sick due to exposure to trauma, or due to sweating and clothing, or because of wading in water and rain, or because of the humidity in the living place, so that they feel wet and evil.
2. Health problems that are easy for the human body to appear in summer.
Summer is fire, summer is the main qi of summer, which is transformed by the fiery atmosphere and originates exclusively in summer. Summer is the most prosperous season of yang in the year, the climate is hot and vigorous, for people, this is a period of vigorous metabolism, the human body's yang qi is external, the yin is inside, the qi and blood operation is also correspondingly exuberant, and active in the surface of the body. In order to adapt to the hot climate, the pores of the skin are discharged, and the sweat is excreted, through sweating, to regulate the body temperature and adapt to the hot climate.
In terms of health, the summer heat is steaming, forcing the jin to leak out, easy to hurt the yin liquid and damage the yang, cool drink cold, and easy to suppress the body's yang and accumulate cold and wet. When everything grows, various pathogenic factors are also easy to produce, mosquito bites are enough to cause disease, and excessive heat can make people dizzy, chest tightness, palpitations, thirst, nausea, and even coma. Therefore, when arranging labor or physical exercise, avoid the hot sun and pay attention to strengthening protection. After lunch, you need to arrange a nap, one to avoid the heat, and the other to restore energy. At the same time, attention should be paid to the prevention of some common diseases, such as summer colds, also known as "hot colds" (called "furunculosis" in Chinese medicine, also known as bitter summer), bacterial dysentery, acute gastroenteritis (also known as "June diarrhea"), epidemic diarrhea, solar dermatitis, food poisoning, etc.
3. Ingredients should be used in summer.
Summer should be based on the characteristics of the extremely exuberant yang in nature, consistent with the growth trend of all things between heaven and earth, shunsheng yang to nourish the yang, protect the yang to nourish the "long", nourish the heart to supplement the yang, not only to prevent the summer evil, the long summer to prevent the evil of the summer, the long summer to prevent the evil, at the same time to pay attention to the protection of the human body's yang, not far from the general law of "spring and summer yang", to lay the foundation for the autumn harvest.
(1) Ingredients for the summer heat.
Summer climate is hot, depleting the human body fluid, coupled with the human body through sweating to regulate body temperature, sweating too much, that is, injuring the yin liquid, qi with sweat, and consuming yang qi, so the body decline or the elderly are prone to heat stroke in summer, easy to catch a cold. At this time, it is advisable to eat sweet and cool melon fruits and other heat-clearing jin: bitter melon heat relief, blind detoxification, mung bean heat cooling, water detoxification; watermelon heat relief, in addition to annoyance and thirst, good urination; cucumber heat quenching thirst, water, detoxification; tomato thirst quenching, stomach digestion, other such as loofah, winter melon, coconut, strawberry, banana and other heat relief, sweating fluid, but also can enhance appetite.
In the five elements, the heart corresponding to the summer belongs to the fire, the taste is bitter, and the summer consumption of bitter foods, such as bitter melon, oil wheat vegetables, etc., has the effect of clearing heat and reducing fire, while eating bitter is summer fire Wonk gold. The lungs in the five elements are golden and spicy, so the Tang Dynasty "medicine king" Sun Simiao proposed that the province of bitterness and hardship should be appropriately eaten less bitter in the summer, so as not to overheat the heart and damage the lungs, and the spicy food can be slightly eaten, such as spicy turnips and onions, ginger, garlic, etc., with divergence, qi, blood, trick, wet and other functions, but also can supplement the lungs.
In summer, you can also eat some sour, salty and cool products, and the sour taste plays an astringent effect to fix the muscle surface, such as sour plum soup acid perspirant, which can prevent excessive sweating. Cold mixed vegetables are appropriately added with some acid, which has the effect of raw, thirst-quenching and appetizing. It can also be used to make a variety of juices to make a refreshing drink, which is both nutritious and relieving the heat. Watermelon juice can prevent high blood pressure and summer asthma; lemon juice drink not only quenches thirst in the summer, but also helps digestion; bitter melon can not only clear the heart and relieve the heat, but also treat diabetes and gastrointestinal diseases that are easy to suffer in summer.
In addition to vegetables and fruits, the most popular is porridge. Health care practitioners believe that drinking some porridge in the morning and dinner can not only quench thirst, cool and relieve the heat, but also nourish the body, such as mung bean porridge, broad bean porridge, lotus leaf porridge, lotus seed porridge, lily porridge, winter melon porridge, white ear porridge, astragalus porridge, soybean milk porridge and peeled egg mussel porridge.
In addition, you can also make some homemade drinks to relieve the heat, the main raw materials are mostly fresh bamboo leaves, fresh lotus leaves, fresh mint, fragrant herbs, honeysuckle, soil poria, raw licorice, wild chrysanthemums, lotus flowers, jasmine, etc., choose one to several, fry water or brew with boiling water, substitute tea to purify the heart, dissipate the heat.
(2) Clear heat and damp ingredients.
Sweating more in summer, drinking more water, stomach acid is easy to be diluted, digestive juice secretion is relatively reduced, digestive function is weakened leading to poor appetite, coupled with lack of sleep and hot hot food factors, if you eat greasy food, it is bound to increase the burden on the gastrointestinal tract and affect digestion. Therefore, it is advisable to eat less greasy food, and the summer diet should be light and peaceful. Summers are hot and rainy. Due to the heat and humidity of the summer, the spleen and yang are trapped, resulting in loose stools and loss of appetite. Raw and cold food cleaning is not clean, it is easy to suffer from dysentery, diarrhea and other gastrointestinal diseases, long summer season (lunar July) summer more humid, called "summer wet", the outside summer humidity is more heavy in the body damp and hot, especially for damp and hot patients are extremely unfavorable. Therefore, in the long summer season, it is necessary to eat a diet that is both fire-clearing and damp, especially for patients with damp heat and humidity. Such as white art, lotus seeds, poria, herbs and the like, not only healthy spleen and stomach, but also to dispel heat and dampness. It can often eat aromatic appetizers such as herb peran tea, melon peel mung bean japonica rice porridge, lotus leaf porridge, three bean soup, etc., and dissolve dampness and strengthen the spleen.
In addition, high temperature will lead to accelerated protein decomposition, so to ensure protein supply, you can eat lean meat, fish, shrimp, eggs, milk, soybeans and other foods containing high-quality protein. High temperature leads to sweating, which will cause a large loss of water-soluble vitamins, water and sodium, potassium and other elements, so vitamins should be appropriately supplemented, especially vitamin C, kiwifruit, oranges, tomatoes and other fruits rich in vitamin C should be eaten, and light salt water can be drunk when sweating a lot. Summer ripe fruits such as watermelon, bayberry, peach, plum and other vitamin C content is extremely rich, can also be appropriately selected. B vitamins should also be supplemented. B vitamins are more abundant in cereals, beans, animal liver, meat, eggs, and people can supplement these foods appropriately in summer, and some yeast flakes can also be taken orally.
4. Summer diet should be avoided.
The summer diet should be light, and avoid eating spicy and dry products that hurt and consume liquid, so as not to damage yang qi and jin liquid, such as spicy hot pot. Avoid eating warm foods that help the fire, such as fried foods that are difficult to digest.
Avoid eating cold drinks and cold foods, otherwise it will dilute gastric juice, stimulate the gastric mucosa, and also cause local vasoconstriction, resulting in gastrointestinal ischemia, hypoxia, and gastrointestinal dysfunction. The weather is hot and exhausting, and the yang of the human body is easy to leak out, and attention should be paid to protecting the yang of the human body. Appropriate cold drinks can cool down the heat, help digestion, promote appetite, but need to be tempered, the month of fast products included, can not be too cold drink cold food, less can be more than cold spleen and stomach, cold accumulation, people vomit.
It is not advisable to drink too much water at one time to avoid stomach discomfort. Excessive drinking of water at one time when thirsty may also cause water intoxication, and the body's salt will be excessively lost, some of which will be absorbed into tissue cells, edema of cells, and the human body will have symptoms such as dizziness, fatigue, and rapid heartbeat.
It is not advisable to eat spoiled food, the pathogenic microorganisms multiply actively in the summer, and foods rich in protein and fat are very easy to spoil and deteriorate.
5. Summer food and medicinal diet.
【Erren lotus leaf porridge】
Composition: 50 grams of coix seeds, 30 grams of lotus seeds, 100 grams of rice, 15 jujubes, 10 grams of rock sugar, 1 piece of fresh lotus leaf.
Preparation Method: Wash the coix seeds, lotus seeds and rice, and wash the lotus leaves with water. Put the casserole pot on the fire, add an appropriate amount of water, first put the coix seeds under the pot, wait for boiling and then put the rice and lotus seeds under the pot, add dates and rock sugar after boiling again, cover the pot mouth with lotus leaves, press the pot lid on top, and cook it over a slow heat to make porridge. Uncover the lid, remove the lotus leaves, and let the porridge cool.
Effect: Clear heat and relieve heat, strengthen the spleen and remove dampness.
【Purslane mung bean soup】
Composition: 120 g of fresh purslane (or 60 g of dried products), 60 g of mung beans.
Preparation: Rinse the mung beans and soak in water for 20 minutes. Purslane wash and cut into sections. Put the mung beans into the pot with an appropriate amount of water, bring to a boil, put in purslane, turn the heat and cook 500 ml, drink 1-2 times a day for 2-3 weeks.
Effect: Detoxifying, detoxifying, water and swelling, raw and nourishing liquid. It is used for damp heat and humidity, abdominal pain and bloating, increased frequency of stools, entrained mucus pus and blood, tenesmus and severe diseases.
【Salt and ginger tea】
Brew and cool with 8 grams of green tea, 8 grams of ginger, 3 grams of salt, 1000 ml of boiling water and drink. It has the effect of clearing heat and relieving heat, replenishing liquid, and eliminating fatigue caused by heat and heat.
【Green fruit licorice tea】
With 10 grams of Tibetan green fruit, 2 grams of licorice, soaked in boiled water to drink, can cure dry mouth, sore throat, poor appetite and other hot injuries in summer.
(3) How to feed in autumn
1. Seasonal characteristics of autumn.
In autumn, the yang in nature gradually descends, the yin gradually grows, at the beginning of autumn, although the yin is born but not flourishing, although the yang falls but does not fade, it is still used for the yang, so there is an "autumn tiger" raging. The deeper the autumn, the more insidious it becomes, and the climate can change from hot to cool. The overall climate is characterized by autumn high and refreshing, cool and dry, rain reduction, "dry" becomes the main qi of autumn, called "autumn dryness", which can show a series of dry and evil dry states. The yang qi descends from the peak, completing the growth and long-term cultivation of all things, and the essence of the long-term cultivation of the autumn order gradually converges, and all things have been formed from prosperity to reality, forming a natural state of "harvest".
2. Health problems that are easy for the human body to appear in autumn.
The change of yin and yang qi in nature in autumn is manifested as the daily decline of yang qi, the increasing prosperity of yin qi, and the tendency to harvest from drainage, at this time, health care should adapt to the change law of yin and yang in autumn, with the principle of convergence and yin. Autumn should follow the basic law of "autumn and winter yin", nourish yin, adopt, nourish lungs, and prevent autumn dryness. Yang Yin means that health care should adapt to the law of gradually emerging and flourishing yin qi in nature, and take the maintenance of yin qi in the body as the primary task to lay the foundation for winter Tibet. Raising "harvest" refers to the cultivation of spiritual feelings, diet, living, exercise, etc., all of which are mainly contained, avoiding upward and outward opening and venting, in order to converge the physiological state of spring and summer. "Autumn dryness" means that the qi of the autumn order is clear and dry, and it is often prone to dryness and evil, so it should be prevented. Lung nourishment is the main qi of the human body in autumn, protecting its solemnity and protection from the influence of autumn dryness. Corresponding to the autumn qi is the human lung qi, the main qi of the lungs, which has the function of suppressing and descending, corresponding to the convergence of the autumn qi.
Autumn climate change is larger, hot, dry, cold are all there, if you are not careful, it is easy to get sick, so you should be cautious about living, avoid evil qi, and prevent autumn diseases before they occur. The main attention should be paid to the prevention of the following conditions:
Bronchial asthma: is a recurrent chronic allergic disease, most of the attacks in the autumn climate from hot to cool, if not treated in time, can quickly appear wheezing, "winter disease summer treatment", the disease in the "three volt days" treatment effect is better.
Constipation: Caused by a dry autumn climate, dry and wounded liquid, and dry intestines.
Autumn diarrhea: is a typical seasonal disease, infants and young children are prone to occur, because the autumn climate is getting cooler, the child's abdomen is prone to cold, so pay attention to the infant abdomen to keep warm.
Hair loss: Autumn climate is dry, if improper maintenance, easy to hurt the lungs, so autumn hair loss is relatively increased.
Laryngitis: Autumn climate is dry and rainy, easy to suffer from laryngitis, acute period can not be completely treated, will become chronic and difficult to heal, so autumn should pay attention to the prevention and treatment of laryngitis.
3. Ingredients should be used in autumn.
The change of yin and yang in autumn is that the yang descends and does not fade, the yin is long and not strong, when focusing on raising yin, the qi of autumn is suppressed and converged, everything is strong and mature, and when attention is paid to harvest: autumn rain decreases. Dry qi is popular, when paying attention to dryness: the lungs should be autumn qi, its taste is spicy, its color is white, and it is advisable to comprehensively match the spicy white food with the lung gas machine. The basic principle is to nourish the yin and moisturize the dry.
(1) Moisturize and nourish yin ingredients.
Autumn everything grows slowly and harvests, the weather is severe and dry, the impact of autumn dryness on health is mainly to damage the human body's yin fluid, the jin liquid is reduced, so that the human skin muscles lose their softness, and a series of dry-based symptoms appear, such as dry mouth, dry lips, dry nose, dry throat, tongue in Shaojin, short urine yellow red, dry stool, dry skin, etc. Dry and dry, there is a difference between warm and dry, generally speaking, when the temperature is still high in early autumn, it is more likely to be warm and dry, and when the weather is colder in late autumn, it is cool and dry, and the difference between warm and cool should be paid attention to when eating and taking pictures. It is advisable to drink more water, porridge, soy milk, eat more moist and nourishing food, and oil-rich seed kernel foods such as sesame, kernel or milk fat foods are also suitable.
You can also eat more radish, lotus root, water chestnut, pear and other foods that moisturize the lungs and nourish the yin and dry:
Pear and water chestnut, sugarcane juice after the honey, or with the Sichuan shellfish boiled into a paste, has the effect of moisturizing the lungs, cough and phlegm, chronic bronchitis lung deficiency cough and lung dryness, lung heat cough, have a good effect.
Grapes can be eaten raw or twisted juice to make a drink or add honey to boil into a paste, which has the effect of nourishing yin nourishing liquid, moisturizing and replenishing blood, and is of great benefit to anemia patients and neurasthenic patients.
Pomegranate can be eaten raw or mashed juice to drink, its taste is sweet and sour, raw and replenishing liquid, not only moisturizing the lungs and coughing, but also treating chronic diarrhea and chronic dysentery.
Grapefruit, cool taste sweet acid, can produce cough, moisturize the lungs and dissolve phlegm, suitable for patients with chronic tracheitis who cough and less phlegm, but red orange dry fire, yin deficiency fire cough is not suitable.
Lotus clears heat and vitality, cool blood to stop bleeding.
Cabbage clears the lungs and vitality, and tongli gastrointestinal tract.
Lilies nourish the yin and moisten the lungs, purify the heart and calm the mind.
Black fungus nourishes qi and nourishes blood, moisturizes the lungs and relieves cough.
Honey tonifies the spleen and stomach, moisturizes the lungs and relieves cough.
Other foods that are recognized as nourishing yin and dry are white fungus (also known as white fungus), persimmons, sugarcane, bird's nest, spinach, animal lungs, soybean milk, caramel, etc., which have a certain nourishing effect on lung yin deficiency, heart and lung yin deficiency, lung and kidney yin deficiency and stomach yin deficiency, and use sand ginseng, yellow essence, jade bamboo, sydney pear, banana and other japonica rice, glutinous rice or corn to cook porridge, which also has a good moisturizing and yin effect.
From summer to autumn, the temperature drops, the human body in order to adapt to this change, metabolism also changes, the diet is too raw and cold, will cause indigestion, easy to produce a variety of digestive tract diseases. Therefore, there is a proposition of "autumn temperature" in the diet, that is to say, autumn should avoid eating cold food, should eat more warm food, try to eat less or do not eat spicy fried hot food that helps dry and hurt the yin, such as leeks, garlic, onions, ginger, star anise, fennel and other spicy foods or condiments and fried food, in order to prevent aggravation of the autumn dry state.
(2) Sweet and moist ingredients.
Autumn supplements should be selected "anti-dry, not greasy, sweet and moist" flat supplements, such as pears, persimmons, citrus, bananas, almonds, carrots, pumpkins, winter melons, as well as edible fungi, kelp, seaweed, beans and soy products, honey, sesame, dates, walnuts and so on. In autumn, staple foods and side foods should be selected as "sweet and moist products" - the staple food is mainly rice, glutinous rice and other cereals, accompanied by pasta, sweet potatoes, etc., and some sesame seeds and walnuts are placed in the porridge. In addition to various vegetables, there are also various fruits. Autumn is more cool and dry, dry and easy to hurt the lungs, eat more "sweet source" to moisten the lungs.
Because one of the functions of the lungs is to publicize the skin texture, the spicy taste can be opened and dispersed, and it is the right taste of autumn, so the lung gas machine can be adjusted, and the appropriate amount of diamond vegetables can be added to the diet, which can improve immunity and enhance blood circulation. However, excessive consumption of spicy products such as garlic, leeks, and peppers will damage the function of the liver if the lungs are too strong. Therefore, it is necessary to moderately "save the acid", and slightly increase the sour taste of fruits and vegetables to enhance the function of the liver.
In addition, we must also remember the "bad belly of autumn melon", such as watermelon, melon, and vegetable melon to eat in moderation, can not eat more, otherwise it will damage the yang of the spleen and stomach. The lung color is white, and white is the color of autumn, so the food that is white also has the purpose of nourishing the lungs. White foods include lotus root, white fungus, sydney pear, dairy products and so on.
4. Autumn diet should be avoided.
In autumn, avoid eating spicy and hot foods such as chili peppers, ginger, and green onions, and eat less spicy, fried, barbecue and other hot foods, such as lamb and dog meat.
Avoid eating cold, deflated foods. Autumn human body essence began to seal, eating tonic food is easy to absorb and hide, help to improve the function of internal organs, enhance physical fitness, it is advisable to eat some chicken, duck, fish, beef, lotus seeds, white fungus, red dates and other foods with a tonic effect.
Fruits that should not be overeaten: grapes taste sour, spleen and stomach weakness can cause diarrhea; eating more oranges can cause abdominal pain and diarrhea; plums eating more hurts the spleen and stomach; pear cold, pregnant women, cold cough and spleen deficiency should eat less or not eat; eating persimmons on an empty stomach is easy to cause abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting; pineapple overeating is easy to be allergic, which will cause abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and skin itching.
It is not advisable to eat more raw and cold foods. Autumn weather from hot to cool, diet is too raw and cold, will cause gastrointestinal indigestion, the occurrence of various digestive tract diseases, should eat more warm food.
5. Autumn food and medicinal diet.
【Sweet lotus seed lily porridge】
Composition: 30 g of licorice, 30 g of whole wheat, 30 g of lotus seeds (to the heart), 15 g of lilies, 15 pieces of jujube, 60 g of japonica rice.
Preparation method: seared licorice with water first frying, filter residue to take the liquid, add the rest of the products, and boil together until the porridge is cooked.
Effect: Nourish the heart and spleen, clear the heat and eliminate troubles, calm the spirit and tranquility.
【Lily silver ear soup】 (see Chapter 8 Commonly Used Medicinal Dietary Remedies)
【100 Winters Irrigation Lotus】
Composition: 60 grams of raw lilies, 100 grams of yam, 60 grams of Tianmendong, 100 grams of cow's milk, 200 grams of honey, 60 grams of white poria, 5 large sections of fresh lotus.
Preparation method: the lilies, yams, Tianmen dong grinding, adding honey and then grinding very fine, into the poria minced, adjust the milk, so that the thickness is moderate, poured into the lotus hole so that the holes are full, steamed and ready.
Effect: Strengthen the spleen and dissolve phlegm, relieve cough and asthma, supplement the kidneys and lungs.
Radish tea, white ear tea, ginger su tea, orange black tea have the effect of nourishing the yin and moisturizing the lungs and nourishing the stomach. In addition, sesame porridge, carrot porridge, chrysanthemum porridge, chestnut porridge have the effect of stomach and spleen, moisturizing the lungs, nourishing the yin and moisturizing.
(4) How to feed in winter
1. Seasonal characteristics of winter.
Winter, from the day of the establishment of winter to the day of the establishment of spring, during this period, the boundary yang qi is hidden inside, the yin qi is ordered, and the Lord is closed. The cold air between heaven and earth, yellow + withering, and all things dormant, is the season when all things in nature are angry and lurking. The yang qi of the human body should be hidden in accordance with the law of the rise and fall of yin and yang in heaven and earth, and the kidney qi should be hidden in winter, which is also corresponding to the closed qi in nature.
2. Health problems that are easy for the human body to appear in winter.
After entering the winter, the yang qi descends and lurks inside, and the cold qi is ordered, and the cold lord receives the introduction, which has the ability to collect and hide, so the trend of winter order closure is formed. This kind of closure is not only the most material, but a positive way to accumulate energy for the next spring. This is the way nature nourishes the winter qi and "hides." Once the closure is derelict, the energy savings are not enough, and it cannot provide enough energy for the spring gas to grow. The human kidney mainly hides the essence, and the inner yin and yuan yang, which stores the basic energy of human life, so its function corresponds to the winter qi. Winter should conform to the characteristics of natural winter qi closure, consistent with the trend of hidden energy of all things between heaven and earth, nourish the yin essence of the human body, store the vitality of the body, maintain the yang qi, prevent cold and temperature, take the protection of kidney qi as the foundation, and lay the material and energy foundation for the growth of the coming spring.
In the cold season, the cold is the most vulnerable and can induce many diseases. When excessive cold stimulation, it has a predisposing effect on hypertension, heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and other circulatory diseases: cold can make the upper abdomen cold, causing gastrointestinal spasms; cold winter is prone to colds, upper respiratory tract infections, inducing asthma; cold can make the skin of the naked parts of the human body rough or chapped, aging, ears, nose, fingers, etc. often frostbite; cold can also make myocardial infarction and coronary artery thrombosis death rate increased; if the head is suddenly exposed to cold air in winter, or long-term invasion of cold wind, Prone to facial nerve palsy; winter has been cold and suddenly warmed, easy to cause influenza, measles, diphtheria, mumps and other infectious diseases. The prevention of these diseases is mainly to protect against cold and warmth.
In addition to these, there are also many other seasonally related pathogenic factors that should also be highly concerned. If the doors and windows are closed tightly to keep warm, the air will not be circulated, influenza, brain and other viruses, germs with coughing, sneezing fly into the air, easy to cause illness; cooking and cooking indoors, making a fire for heating, the concentration of carbon dioxide will increase; the winter climate is cold and dry, making the skin dry and rough, often causing skin itching; when sleeping, the head is indented into the bed, the air is not circulating, it will feel chest tightness, nausea or wake up from sleep; improper use of electric blankets will cause allergic dermatitis and other "electric blanket disease" Too long in the snow can easily cause snow blindness ("snow light ophthalmia" or "snow illuminated ophthalmia"),indoor humidity is too low, the air is dry, or often work outdoors, the humidity in the air is also low, the lips will appear chapped or bleeding, and even the corners of the mouth are inflamed.
3. Ingredients should be used in winter.
Winter climate is cold, yin qi main order, yang qi hidden, the whole season is characterized by introverted and hidden, so diet and nourishment should also be "hidden", winter is the best supplement season of the year, should be selected to nourish yin and yang. High calorie brain food, human kidneys should be the qi of winter, regulate the room. Nourish the kidneys. As far as the five elements are concerned, the kidneys are salty and their color is black, so you can nourish the kidneys with black salty food.
(1) Ingredients for sweet and warm yang.
The cold climate of winter damages the yang of the human body, and in the performance of food, warm head food can supplement the yang, and the combination of spicy and sweet food can turn yang. Sweet and warm meat foods, such as dog meat, mutton, venison, beef is rich in protein, fat, carbohydrates, high caloric production, the best cold effect, but also can not be overeaten, so as not to help wet phlegm. Ganwen anti-transmission of the root food includes carrots, potatoes, yams, sweet potatoes and so on. Sweet and warm cereals are wheat, sorghum, etc., sweet and warm vegetables are leeks, coriander, garlic, radish, yellow cauliflower, etc., leeks contain a lot of vitamin A, vitamin B and calcium, phosphorus, iron, cooked food I can help yang warm kidneys, enhance cold resistance, where the vest is cold, waist and knees are cold, often eat good effect. Sweet and warm fruits include oranges, lychees, longan and so on. In addition, eel, striped fish, shrimp and rice, are sweet and warm, can supplement the kidneys, rich in protein, fat, carbohydrates and calcium, phosphorus, iron and other nutrients. Seafood such as sea shrimp and kelp are also rich in iodine, which can promote the synthesis of thyroxine and have a cold and warm effect. Peppers dilate peripheral capillaries and increase the flow of blood to the surface of the body, which can ward off the cold.
Walnut kernel tonic kidney, rich in unsaturated fatty acids, can reduce cholesterol, prevent arteriosclerosis and hypertension, contains carbohydrates can produce high calories, contains lecithin and vitamin E can enhance cell activity, promote hematopoietic function. A walnut is a thermogenic nutritional compound, winter consumption has a good cold and warm effect, the elderly trachea, brain loss have a certain prevention and treatment effect.
Chestnut (chestnut) sweet warm tonic kidney, kidney deficiency and cold and waist and knee weakness is beneficial, and glutinous rice boiled porridge often eat can also treat cold diarrhea. In addition, iron-rich foods such as animal liver, shiitake mushrooms, black fungus, celery, spinach, can be eaten with fresh vegetables and fruits rich in vitamin C, such as carrots, citrus, apples, bananas, can promote the absorption of iron, so that various nutrients are fully oxidized, heat is generated, and the body's cold resistance is improved. Although the winter diet should be warm, but too dry and hot food should not be eaten more, otherwise the yang qi in the inner volt will be depressed and heated, damaging the body.
(2) Ingredients that are beneficial to the kidneys and deficiency.
Winter belongs to water, the main kidney meridian, is a good time to nourish the kidney qi. Commonly used foods are chestnuts to nourish the stomach and spleen, tonify the kidneys and strengthen the essence; walnuts to supplement the kidneys and improve the sperm, warm the lungs and stabilize asthma; mutton to strengthen the spleen, replenish the kidneys and aphrodisiacs, and nourish the blood. Black sesame tonify liver and kidneys, nourish blood and sperm; goji berries to nourish the liver and kidneys, bright eyes; duck meat tonic qi and yin, water and swelling; turtle nourishing yin tonify the kidneys, clear away the lack of heat.
Generally speaking, black foods can enter the kidneys and make up for deficiency, such as fungus, black beans, black sesame seeds, black rice and so on. Salty food can replenish kidney sperm and can also introduce medicine into the kidneys. However, if the salty taste eats too much, it will make the kidney qi that is already hyperactive more hyperactive, so that the strength of the heart and yang is weakened, so it is advisable to appropriately "save salty and increase bitterness", that is, moderately reduce the intake of salty food, slightly increase the bitter food, to help the heart yang, such as celery, lettuce, lettuce, bitter chrysanthemum, etc., nourishing the heart fire and kidney water coordination, it is the health principle of water and fire.
People with deficiency can make up for it, so people with qi deficiency and yang deficiency can eat mutton, chicken, ginseng, walnut kernels, etc.; people with blood deficiency can eat ejiao, angelica, white fungus, etc.; people with yin deficiency can eat duck meat, Tianmendong, jade bamboo, etc., in order to supplement the deficiency and nourish the stomach.
It is worth mentioning that the health care method of "eating radish in winter and eating ginger in summer" has a certain reason, radish has the effect of eliminating food, coughing and phlegm, removing dryness and vitality, dispersing stasis and detoxification, and benefiting stool In the case of reduced activities in winter and accumulation of garbage in the body, the use of white radish to clear the intestines and clean the stomach and intestines is very beneficial to health. In addition, hot porridge is used to replenish the sun in winter, which has a particularly good effect. In addition, you can also make some medicinal liquors, such as eucommia wine, ginseng wine, deer antler wine, etc.
4. Winter diet should be avoided.
Avoid blind supplementation: for mutton, dog meat, ginseng, etc., it is necessary to supplement according to the actual situation and personal physique. For example, if the weather in the northwest region is cold, it is advisable to supplement warm products such as cattle, sheep and dog meat; the climate in the south of the Yangtze River is mild, and chickens, ducks, fish, etc. can be supplemented.
Avoid excessive drinking to keep cold: Some people think that the body will heat up after drinking and play a role in keeping cold, but after drinking too much, it is easy to suffer from colds and colds, and there are drawbacks of hurting the spirit and exhausting the nerves, hurting the heart and hurting the liver.
It is advisable to pay attention to heat preservation, cold protection and dryness. "Keep warm" means to increase the supply of heat energy in the body, preferably beef, lamb and rabbit meat, because it is rich in high-quality protein, less animal fat, and easy to digest and absorb. "Cold" needs to supplement the mineral diet, carrots, lotus and alcohol and other mineral content are higher. "Anti-dryness" needs to be supplemented with vitamin B and vitamin C, otherwise there will be dry skin, chapped skin and mouth sores.
It is not advisable to drink overheated beverages: drinking overheated beverages in winter will cause damage to the mucosa of the digestive tract, protein will begin to degenerate under hot drinks at 43 ° C, and mucus of the gastrointestinal tract will produce irreversible degradation at 60C.
It is not advisable to eat more spicy, eat spicy in winter can resist cold, but eat more easy to consume injury gas, reduce immunity, appear dry throat, red eyes, nasal dryness, dry mouth and tongue pain, rotten corners of the mouth, nosebleeds, toothache and other "fire" symptoms.
It is not advisable to eat raw cold and greasy things, the metabolism rate of the human body slows down in winter, and improper replenishment will reduce the body's ability to resist diseases. Eating raw, cold, greasy things can hinder the digestive function of the stomach and intestines and affect the absorption of nutrients.
5. Winter food and medicinal diet.
【Astragalus yam walnut porridge】
Composition: 10 grams of ginseng, 20 grams of astragalus, huai yam and white lentils, 30 grams of walnut kernels, 20 large dates, 100 grams of japonica rice.
Preparation method: Japonica rice rinse, yam wash, cut off both ends and damaged parts, slice and chop. Walnut kernels and white lentils are powdered by a crushing machine to form a fine powder. Dang ginseng and astragalus are packed into gauze bags and pierced inside, and large dates are removed from the floating ash. Put the japonica rice in the pot, add gauze medicine bags, dates, and water to an appropriate amount, first boil over high heat, turn to low heat and cook until the rice blossoms, add the yam pieces, walnut kernels and white lentil finely chopped, continue to cook until the rice is mature into a thin porridge, remove the medicine bag; Take 2 times a day, 1 time in the morning and once in the evening. It can also be flavored with sugar when eating.
Efficacy: Healthy spleen and kidneys, good qi and nourish blood. It is used for spleen and kidney insufficiency, yellowish complexion, fatigue and fatigue, cold intolerance, less breath and laziness, shortness of breath when moving, less stool, waist and knee soreness and other symptoms.
【Dang Ginseng Black Chicken Soup】
Composition: 50 grams of ginseng, 50 grams of goji berries, 250 grams of black bone chicken, 20 grams of shiitake mushrooms, jujube, green onion, ginger, garlic, salt to taste.
Preparation: Put the above medicinal food into a casserole dish, add water and simmer until the chicken is cooked and add condiments.
Effect: Nourish qi and nourish yin, nourish qi and blood. It is used for low physical fitness in winter and easy to feel externally
【Kidney Cold Cake】
Composition: 200 grams of glutinous rice flour, 30 grams of astragalus, 60 grams of black beans, 15 grams of sesame seeds, 30 grams of walnut kernels, 30 grams of peanuts, sugar, honey, oil.
Preparation: Add an appropriate amount of water, boil the astragalus in the soup and concentrate to 100 ml. Knead the glutinous rice flour with astragalus water to make the dough. Stir-fry black beans, sauté sesame seeds, mash peanuts and walnuts, mix with sugar, honey, oil and evenly to make a filling. Wrap the filling in glutinous rice skin, roll it round, flatten it, and steam it in a cage for 10 minutes.
Effect: Tonify kidneys and qi, defend against wind and cold. Improves immunity.
Ginger jujube brown sugar drink: with 10 grams of ginger, 5 jujubes, 15 grams of brown sugar simmered into a soup to eat, will suddenly feel warm and comfortable, but also to prevent winter cold and cold.
In addition, red stewed turtle, astragalus stewed turtle, fried lamb with green onion, radish goulash, walnut stir-fried beef can be beneficial to qi and blood, nourish the liver and kidneys, healthy spleen and appetizer, can also choose to eat.
Article Editor: Healthy Shenyang Promotion Committee Health Knowledge Popularization Action Leading Group
Video source: Xinhua News Agency
Source of the article: Health education TCM basic content, TCM teaches you to learn health care manual, TCM food maintenance and safety manual, relevant health care institutions
Article reviewer: Shenyang Municipal Health Service Center