Exactly 40 years ago, the Party Committee of the Central Committee of the Central Committee of the Cpc Central Committee made a decision in November 1981 that on the last Sunday of December every year, the Zhongnanhai Long-distance Running Competition of the Central Organs of the CENTRAL Committee of the CPC Central Committee was held, which was grouped according to men, women and ages, and the ranking was determined by the number of participants.
Sunday, December 27, 1981, was cloudy. The first Zhongnanhai Long-distance Running Competition was officially held. The starting and ending points are at the gate of the Central United Front Work Department on Fuyou Street. Check-in starts at 8 a.m. At 8:30 a.m., men's group A (under 55 years old) starts at intervals, followed by men's group B (over 55 years old) and women's group. Thousands of people participated in the race that day, most of whom were sent by various agencies by car. The regimental central committee and other units also displayed regimental flags and bunting flags, and the atmosphere was quite warm. Runners run north from Fuyou Street, turn to the east, cross the Beihai Bridge, then turn around and go south, through the North-South Long Street, to Chang'an Avenue and then west, past Xinhuamen, to Fuyou Street and then north to the end. The time spent by the contestants varies, but they all run the whole way and achieve the purpose of exercising.
Xinhuamen is the south gate of Zhongnanhai, before the official announcement of the founding of New China, on September 21, 1949, the new CPPCC meeting that acted as the representative of the National People's Congress and laid the foundation for new China was held in Zhongnanhai, and the logo of the "First Plenary Session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference" and the huge emblem of the CPPCC were hung in front of the Xinhua Gate, and 180 members representing all parties, factions, nationalities and all walks of life throughout the country went to Huairen Hall in Zhongnanhai for a meeting. The photograph taken at that time also became a historical image of the rise of New China in the east of the world.
Zhongnanhai is located on the west side of the Forbidden City in Beijing, formerly known as "Xiyuan", and the Yandu Congkao says: "The Xiyuan is in the west of the Xihua Gate, the third gate, the east direction, and the inside of the gate is the Tailiu Pond." The jade spring is imported from the Bei'anmen Water Pass and merges into a giant pond, which is several miles in Ciguang. According to the "Chenyuan Zhiluo", "The palace room of the Yanjing Dynasty, since before the Liao, there are not many records. However, the Tailiu Pond and Qionghua Island of Xiyuan are the remains of the West Garden of Wanning Palace in Jin Mingchang, which was the location of the annex at that time. "Xiyuan is in Xihuamen West, created from Jin and Yuan Ming. Jin Shi is only for the palace, Yuan Jian Da Nei is on the left of the Tailiu Pond, and the Palace of Longfu and Xingsheng is on the right of the Tailiu Pool. In the east of the Ming Dynasty, the Yuan Forbidden City was all west garden land. It can be seen that this place in Zhongnanhai was the royal palace in the Jin Dynasty, and the Royal Palace was the seat of the Imperial Palace in the Yuan Dynasty, and it was still a royal court from the Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty.
The Chronicle of the Three Seas, which was produced during the Republic of China, said: "The name of the Three Seas began in the Ming Dynasty. "The Ming Dynasty began to divide Xiyuan and Tailiuchi into three seas - the South China Sea, the Middle Sea, and the North Sea. The division of the three seas is separated by two bridges over the Tailiu Pool. The south of the Centipede Bridge is the South China Sea, the north of the Jin'ao Yu Bridge (i.e., the Beihai Bridge) is the North Sea, and between the two bridges is the Middle Sea. The Chenyuan Zhiluo says: In the Qing Dynasty, "the forbidden people Huyingtai is the South China Sea, the banana garden is the Middle Sea, and the Five Dragon Pavilion is the North Sea." In the middle of summer, the lotus fragrance is full of gardens, and in winter, the eight flags are forbidden to travel to Xi Bing. The name of the Jin Dynasty was Xihuatan, and the Ming was also known as the Golden Sea. "That is, Yingtai, Qinzhengdian and Fengze garden are in the South China Sea; Qionghua Island and Wulong Pavilion are in the North Sea; Ziguang Pavilion, Banana Garden, and Huairen Hall are in the Middle Sea." There is a pavilion in the middle sea standing in the water, and people who pass by the Beihai Bridge can see the reflection of the clouds on the water, and the small pavilion is like a cloud in the water. Historical records record: "There is a pavilion out of the water known as the water cloud pavilion." Shi Jie engraved the four characters of Emperor Gaozong's imperial book 'Tailiu Autumn Wind', that is, one of the 'Eight Views of Yanjing'. ”
Compared with the 800-year-old Xiyuan, Xinhuamen is much younger, Xinhuamen was originally named Baoyuelou, and the official history book "Shuntianfu Zhi" records: "The building was built in the year of Qianlong Pengyin, and there is a royal record. According to legend, Emperor Gaozong built this building for Xiangfei, causing the Western Hui to move to Chang'an Avenue, and the room was the system of Xiao Huibu, and built a worship temple opposite the building, known as Huiziying. Concubine Bi Xiang ascended the building and looked south, as if seeing the hometown cloud. Floor seven trees. According to this, this seven-room, two-story building was built in 1758 by the Qianlong Emperor for his special favorite concubine, and it has been 263 years.
The Baoyue Tower, which was actually built, is the only building in the imperial city wall on the southwest side of Kyoto in the Qing Dynasty. According to the narrative of the "Imperial Treasure Moon Building": "The Treasure Moon Tower, between the south bank of Yingtai is moderate, the north is facing the Yingxun Pavilion, and the pavilion and the platform are both victorious ruins, and when they are repaired, they increase or decrease, and there is no major construction." Gu Liuchi South Peak approaching the Imperial City, the length of three hundred zhang, the width of the four zhang, the ground is narrow, the former dynasty is not placed in the palace, lintai south look, suspected of its straight long fresh shielding", it can be seen here, the south side of the South China wading and landing, and the red wall of the imperial city, is an east-west narrow strip, from the "Yingtai Forbidden Land" south, there is no pavilion embellishment, and there is no building shelter, it appears empty and desolate and insecure, so it rises to build a wide high-rise building, Baoyue Tower is just across the South China Sea and the Yingxuan Pavilion at the southern end of Yingtai. After entering the Republic of China, it was renamed Xinhuamen.
(Xiangluan Pavilion at the entrance of Yingtai)
From the historical point of view, in the heyday of the Qing Dynasty, many activities were held in Zhongnanhai, that is, Yingtai, and the "Lang Qianji Wen Chubi" said: "Shunzhi Ding Youke's North and South Chinese style re-examinations in Yingtai, the title is "Yingtai Fu". Emperors after the Kangxi Dynasty worked here in the summer, and the Old Wen Kao said: "When the Qing Dynasty was a saint, he promised to play the net fish of the courtiers in Yingtai, Sejong once sailed here, and Emperor Gaozong served the empress dowager to see the fireworks here." "On the occasion of the three dynasties of the Qing Dynasty, the emperor not only spent the summer here, feasting and feasting on the princes and secretaries of state, but also summoned the courtiers in the Qinzheng Hall and other places to handle state affairs, and received the envoys of the foreign vassal states at the Purple Light Pavilion, and welcomed the generals who returned to the dynasty in triumph. Zhongnanhai also became the political center of the Manchu Qing Dynasty.
Nowadays, people know more about the connection between Zhongnanhai and the late Qing Dynasty, and the Guangxu Emperor was imprisoned in Yingtai in the South China Sea. The Chronicle of the Three Seas records: "After Guangxu Penghu, the Qing Dezong was hidden here. When Hong Xian was the president of Yuan, Li Huangpi lived there, which is what it meant. There are five rooms in the northeast and west of the bridge, and according to legend, when Emperor Dezong lived in seclusion, Empress Xiaoqinxian sent her close eunuchs to guard this place. After the failure of the reform, Guangxu was imprisoned in Yingtai for many years, tortured by the eunuchs sent by Cixi, depressed for half a life, and died in the Hanyuan Hall of Yingtai in 1908. Yuan Shikai, the president of the Republic of China, who was keen on the restoration of the Hongxian Constitution, also placed Vice President Li Yuanhong, who was ostensibly unwilling to agree, in Yingtai to live, as if under house arrest.
Entering the Republic of China, Yuan Shikai moved the presidential palace to Zhongnanhai in 1913 and opened the Baoyue Building as the main gate of the mansion, which was renamed Xinhuamen from then on. (Li Ping)
The copyright belongs to the original author, if there is any untrue or infringement, please contact us!
You are welcome to submit articles and news leads to us at any time, and the mailbox [email protected]
(Editor-in-charge: Chen Xiu)