Tidu was a very famous military official name in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and first appeared in the Ming Dynasty. During the Jiajing period, Jingying had the post of "Admiral General Officer", which was later changed to "Governor Jingying Rongzheng". However, during the Ming Dynasty, most of the viceroys were informal officials, and the chief military officers of the towns in various places were sometimes given the titles of military affairs and admirals due to military needs. In the Qing Dynasty, the post of admiral was permanent, and each province had a total of nineteen viceroys, with officials from Yipin, and the officers and men of the Green Battalion under the commander were the most senior officers of the Green Battalion of a province.
Admirals can be divided into land admirals and admirals, who govern an area of one or two provinces, and although they are controlled by the governor and the inspector, they have great power. However, among these admirals, the "Nine-Door Admiral" is a very special existence. If you look at the name alone, it is easy to have two views: one is to take "nine" and "admiral" as the focus, so that people can feel that the power of this official must be very large at a glance. Another kind of focus is the word "door", the gate? Even if the "Admiral" has 90 doors, isn't that also a gatekeeper? How big can the rights be? The "Admiral of the Nine Doors" is indeed looking at the gate, but this "Admiral who looks at the gate" is somewhat powerful. In the sixteenth year of Shunzhi (1660), the Qing court added a patrol battalion, which was controlled by the chief officer of the infantry commander Yamen, which was to "supervise the commander of the three battalions of the Nine Gate Infantry Army", which was the predecessor of the "Nine Gate Admiral". The official establishment of the post of Viceroy of the Nine Gates was in the thirteenth year of the Reign of Kangxi (1674) after the Shunzhi Emperor's son Xuan Ye ascended the throne.
The Kangxi Emperor required him to be mainly responsible for the guards and access control inside and outside the nine gates of the capital, as well as for night patrols, fire fighting, compilation and armor protection, prohibition, arrest, and prison breaks. The Chaoyang Gate where grain was transported into the palace, the Chongwen Gate that transported wine into the palace, the Fucheng Gate that transported coal into the palace, the Dongzhi Gate that transported bricks and tiles into the palace, the Xizhi Gate that transported royal water into the palace, the Zhengyang Gate for the emperor to return to the palace, the Xuanwu Gate where the generals left the palace to leave the palace, the Desheng Gate where the generals sent troops to fight and leave the palace, and the Anding Gate where they had to go back after a victorious battle, a total of nine doors. How does this sound like a gatekeeper? Don't be busy, the Nine-Door Admiral naturally has other jobs besides "watching the gate". The Nine-Gate Admiral also commanded the Eight Banners Infantry of the Manchu, Mongolian, and Han Armies in the capital and the horse infantry of the Green Battalion of the Beijing Division, and the troops under his command were maintained at about 30,000 people for a long time, and there were eight flags infantry battalions, five battalions of patrol and capture, sixteen management institutions in the inner and outer cities, and the Baitashan Information Artillery Management Department, with capable personnel and excellent equipment.
Don't underestimate these 30,000 people, this is a very important 30,000 people, this is at the side of the Son of Heaven, at the foot of the imperial city, these 30,000 people are regarded as the last barrier to defend the emperor. Similarly, if this barrier is used by others, the emperor will have to worry about his life, so this official position is very important. The person who served as the Governor of the Nine Gates was, in a sense, roughly equivalent to the current commander of the capital garrison and the sheriff of the capital, like the chief of the imperial family's nursing home. The Nine Gate Admiral was in the capital and could walk sideways. In the beijing division, high-ranking officials gathered together and casually threw a stone, saying that it was not necessary to hit a person wearing a red roof. But these people had to listen to the Nine-Door Admiral. In "The Kangxi Dynasty", as soon as the Nine Gate Admiral appeared, he arrested several people who fought, one said that he was Ao Bai's subordinate, and the other was Kangxi's Fa Xiao Wei Dongting. Wu Liuyi, the Admiral of the Nine Doors, said that no matter whose subordinates should be arrested, it can be seen that this official position really has real power, and no one is afraid!
The importance of the Nine Gate Admirals is comparable to that of the Frontier Generals, who defend the Gate of the Nation, and the Nine Gate Admirals defend the Emperor's home. In the late years of Kangxi's reign, in addition to several princes, there was also an important figure among them, that is, the Nine Gate Admiral Long Keduo. After the death of Kangxi, the four brothers succeeded to the throne, and Longkeduo, fearing that something had changed, ordered the closure of the Nine Gates, and no one could enter without the emperor's summons. It was not until the new emperor's enthronement ceremony was completed and the Manchu ministers visited the emperor that the nine gates were reopened. The nature of the Nine-Door Admiral's army determined that it was the best weapon for launching a (coup). Empress Dowager Cixi launched two (coup) coups in her lifetime, the first being the "Xin You(political) coup" and the second being the "Wushu (coup) coup". Both coups relied on the Forbidden Army, commanded by the Nine-Door Admiral. In a sense, the Nine Gate Admiral can directly affect the abolition of the Heavenly Son, and the Son of Heaven has handed over his life to the Nine Gate Admiral.
The selection of the Nine Gates of the Qing Dynasty was also a top priority, only the Manchus could serve, and no matter how much merit and ability the Han people had, it was also no play, and this article could not be broken until the Qing Dynasty. Those who served as admirals of the Nine Doors were also historical celebrities, such as Roncodo, FuKang'an, Washun and Ronglu. Later, the Qing Dynasty was on the verge of extinction, and many official positions lost their role, but the Nine Gate Admirals were always there, because his role was too great. If there is no Nine Gate Viceroy, then it means that the emperor is "finished", until Puyi was expelled from the palace, and this official position finally disappeared.