In the 276-year history of the Ming Dynasty, "the Son of Heaven guards the gate of the country, and the king dies in the society" can be described as a heroic and fierce, and the afterglow has not been extinguished, which has made countless future generations yearn for it.
Xu Da, zi Tiande, Haozhou people. Founding Father of the Ming Dynasty. In November of the third year of Hongwu, Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang was awarded the title of Meritorious Servant, and Xu Da was made the Duke of Wei, the Founder of Fengtian Dynasty. In February of the eighteenth year of Hongwu, he was posthumously honored as the King of Zhongshan, with the courtesy name "Wuning". In the ranking of heroes, ranked first.
Xu Da
Xu Da once exchanged his body for Zhu Yuanzhang to be a hostage in the enemy camp, and established immortal merits for the founding of the Ming Dynasty. As a result, after the founding of the country, he was made a taifu (太傅) and Zhongshu Right Chancellor (中書右丞相), and later the Duke of Wei (魏国公), and was given the title of Princess of Yan (燕王) as a concubine, the second daughter as a concubine, and the third daughter as a concubine. Despite his extremely highly respected status, Xu Da is still cautious and cautious, and never takes credit for himself.
In the thirteenth year of the Yuan Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang recruited troops in Fengyang, and Xu Da took the initiative to join the army and began his career as a horseman. After Xu Da joined the army, he was soon promoted to Zhenfu by virtue of his military merits and became Zhu Yuanzhang's right and left arm.
Xu Da, Zhu Yuanzhang
Once, Sun Deya's subordinates detained Zhu Yuanzhang, trying to be unfavorable to him. At this time, Xu Da stepped forward and took Zhu Yuanzhang as a hostage, and was not released until Sun Deya was released. Xu Da's act of vowing to defend Zhu Yuanzhang to the death made him deeply trusted by Zhu Yuanzhang.
After Zhu Yuanzhang gained the actual command of the rebel army, when attacking Jiqing, Xu Da participated in the formulation of each battle strategy, and thus became zhu Yuanzhang's most important general.
After capturing Jiqing, Xu Da led his troops to the east, successively taking Zhenjiang, Changshu, Jiangyin and other places, not only expanding Zhu Yuanzhang's territory, but also effectively curbing the westward advance of another rebel general, Zhang Shicheng, and Xu Da was also named a marshal of the unified army.
Zhu Yuanzhang
In the 26th year of the Yuan Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang appointed Xu Da as a marshal and Chang Yuchun as a deputy marshal, leading a 200,000-strong crusade against Zhang Shicheng. Xu Da used the anti-plot to isolate Zhang Shicheng's old lair.
The following year, Xu Da led his army to break through the city gate and engaged in a street battle with Zhang Shicheng, but Zhang Shicheng's army was disillusioned and soon surrendered. Zhang Shicheng eventually set himself on fire, but was later rescued by his generals, captured by Xu Da, and taken back to the capital.
In the first year of Hongwu, Xu Da invaded Dadu and destroyed the Yuan Dynasty. After that, he sent troops to attack the remnants of the Yuan Dynasty for many years, and the officials were taifu, zhongshu right chancellor, joined the army and the prince of the state, and was made the duke of Wei. He was cautious, good at governing the army, and spent his life fighting horses, establishing immortal merits for the Ming Dynasty.
Xu Da did not have the opportunity to go to school and study since he was a child, but he had a strong desire to learn. Whenever he led troops on a campaign, he often "extended the rituals of Confucians and said the ancient art of war." On the day of return to the dynasty, he often "gave up his bicycle, extended the ritual of Confucianism, and talked about the whole day", so he was familiar with the ancient art of war. He was also good at exercising his military talents through war, had the ability to control the development and changes of the entire war and a superb command art, and was not only brave in combat, but also good at strategy.
Xu Dazhi's army was strict, not only requiring his subordinates to obey the orders and orders, but also strictly forbidding them to harass the people. He also paid attention to the preferential treatment of prisoners in order to divide and disintegrate the enemy. Whoever captured the enemy soldiers and spies, he was gracious and righteous, and used them for his own purposes. Therefore, he led his troops out on expeditions, especially in the process of leading the Northern Expedition, there were often situations in which there were still fewer people in the army and more people who returned to their fate.
Xu Da does not covet beauty, does not like money, and can share happiness and hardship with warriors. When going out on the expedition, if there is not enough grain and grass and the soldiers do not have enough to eat, Xu Da will not be able to swallow and sleep restlessly; when the soldiers are sick, Xu Da will personally check and give medication. Xu Da's behavior of leading by example, loving the people like a son, and showing compassion for the lower-class soldiers won the love of the soldiers, and the soldiers naturally fought bravely to kill the enemy, invincible, and invincible.
Xu Da, with his wisdom and courage, made a great contribution to the founding of the Ming Dynasty. After the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, he was awarded the title of Taifu (太傅) and Zhongshu Right Chancellor by Zhu Yuanzhang (朱元璋), and was later made the Duke of Wei, and his eldest daughter was Princess Yan, his second daughter was The Acting Princess, and his third daughter was Princess An. Despite his hard work and high status, Xu Da is still humble and never proud of his achievements. What is particularly valuable is that Xu Da was able to get rid of the shackles of local concepts, not to form gangs with his fellow villagers, and not to get involved in the dispute between right and wrong of the Huaixi clique. Hu Weiyong, the backbone of the Huaixi clique, saw that Xu Da had great merit and high prestige, and wanted to make friends with him, but Xu Da did not pay any attention to him.
Although Xu Da was loyal and cautious to Zhu Yuanzhang, he still did not exempt Zhu Yuanzhang from suspicion and suspicion of him. Chen Wenhui once mentioned in a note that "Liu Ji and Xu Dazhi guessed", saying: "Looking at Xiao He and Han Xin, how far are their dangers and doubts? In the Shinto tablet written for Xu Da, Zhu Yuanzhang also admitted that he had been "evil" because of the so-called "Taiyin Number Offender General" astrological sign.
However, no matter how suspicious Zhu Yuanzhang was, xu Da was after all politically loyal, not greedy and not occupied economically, and his life was very checky, and he had no handle to grasp, thus avoiding the doom of "running dog cooking". The widely circulated claim that Zhu Yuanzhang gave steamed geese and killed Xu Da is unfounded, just as Zhao Yi said that it was "nonsense rumors" and that "at that time, many heroes were not protected, such as da and ji's orders were finally only a matter", Xu Da and Liu Ji were one of the few ministers in the Hongwu Dynasty who were able to obtain the end of their lives.
In the seventeenth year of Hongwu, Xu Da suffered from back gangrene when he stayed in Beiping, and soon became slightly better. However, in February of the following year, his condition worsened and he died subsequently. After Xu Da's death, Zhu Yuanzhang personally went to the funeral to show his sorrow, listed him as the first hero of the founding of the country, posthumously named him the King of Zhongshan, the nickname "Wuning", and gave him the third prince. The Yin of The Funeral Bell Mountain, the Imperial Shinto Inscription.
Zhu Yuanzhang once praised him: "Orders are prohibited. Do not be proud of their achievements, do not covet the treasures of women, handle problems impartially, and have no faults. The only person in the world who had this virtue was Xu Da. ”