As the name suggests, extramassive black holes refer to a class of black holes with very large masses. They are millions or even billions of times more massive than the Sun, and their volume can grow to be so enormous, some even larger than our entire solar system. Astronomers believe that there is a supermassive black hole at the center of all large galaxies, including our Milky Way.
Astronomers can prove the existence of these black holes by observing their effects on nearby stars and gas. Although these cosmic monsters are surrounded by high-speed moving spinning matter, most supermassive black holes are considered static objects that do not move around. But when astronomers observed the high-mass center of a galaxy called J0437+2456, they found something unexpected, and they observed a moving supermassive black hole that was moving very fast, estimated at 110,000 miles per hour! About 177,000 km/h!
Okay, back to the video, this supermassive black hole has a mass about 3 million times heavier than our Sun and is passing through the center of the galaxy J0437+2456, which is about 230 million light-years away. Scientists have long believed that very massive black holes, while they can move, are rare because they are massive, so they require the same enormous force to make them move.
Dominic Pesce, the astronomer who led the study, used bowling and soccer-playing examples to explain, just as a heavy bowling ball is harder to kick than a light soccer ball, so this mysterious supermassive black hole must have an equally supermassive object attracting it so that it moves faster than 30 miles per second, or 48 kilometers per second.
For now, scientists aren't sure why the light that devoured the giant moved so fast, but they guessed there were two possibilities. In the first possibility, scientists have observed the result of the merging of the backs of two supermassive black holes — forming a new, separate black hole that regresses back and forth as it slowly stabilizes.
In the second case, and more likely cause, scientists have discovered a system of binary-mass black holes. A cosmic partnership is thought to exist across cosmic boundaries, but it is difficult to find definitive evidence at the moment. If this guess is correct, then at the center of a distant galaxy, two massive black holes are spiraling and outwardly behaving as if they were around each other. One of them is currently hidden in our sight and is likely to be larger than the other.
Researchers at the Harvard Smith Center for Astrophysics defined this wandering black hole in a five-year study that compared the velocities of 10 distant galaxies with the giant black holes in their centers. They specifically studied the violently swirling material that swirled violently in black holes containing molecules in their accretion disks. Astronomers believe that because water orbits the black hole, this produces a special signal called "water vein zee".
When combining network studies with radio antennas, "water vein ze" can be a good help to measure the speed of black holes. To be precise, this is by using this technique to help determine that 9/10 of the giant black holes are at rest, but the remaining 1/10 of the black holes are in motion. Even though it moves very fast, it's not the fastest of the already discovered black holes. Since 2017 scientists announced the detection of what they believe to be an object with 1 billion times the mass of the Sun, escaping the Milky Way at a speed of 5 million miles per hour — about 8 million kilometers per hour. This giant black hole, or more accurately described as a quasar, is actually more likely to be pushed out of the center of the galaxy by massive gravitational waves, which were caused by the merger of two ancient black holes.
The event researchers expect to produce 100 million supernovae with simultaneous explosions of energy. Scientists will continue to study and observe the newly discovered moving supermassive black hole in the hope of unraveling the mystery of the black hole's speed at the center of the galaxy in time.
by:Starry, Oda