In horseshoe gang outside the town of Xunwu old county in Gannan Province, there are two-story buildings with west-facing east-facing civil structures, the bottom wall is made of cobblestone triad, the floor is an earthen wall, and the roof is a two-poured water-green tile roof. The center of the ground floor is a corridor, lined with fourteen rooms on both sides, the east end of the upper floor is the main entrance, and there are two ear rooms, and a sign hangs at the door, which reads: Gannan Red Army Independent Division Exhibition Hall, which is set up to commemorate the Gannan Red Army Independent Division that was active here in the early 1930s.
In late 1931, after the Central Red Army smashed three "encirclement and suppression" attempts, the Third Red Army, in accordance with the instructions of the General Front Committee, organized the Red Army distributed in Huichang, Anyuan, Xunwu, Xinfeng, and the areas south of Yudu to guerrilla him, with the central task of eliminating the landlords' armed forces and eliminating the militia groups; doing mass work, distributing land, and creating a new Soviet zone; and establishing a Red Army Gannan Independent Division, which had 1,500 or 600 men at the beginning of its establishment, and appointed Huang Yunqiao as the commander of the division. Each newly formed regiment was expanded from a company of the three corps as the backbone, and soon became effective.
Under the leadership of division commander Huang Yunqiao, the independent division of the Gannan Red Army took the lead in launching an attack on Xunwu County, at that time, the eighth division of the third army of the Guangdong warlord Chen Jitang stationed in the county town was stationed nearby, and the landlords' armed forces, relying on the favorable conditions of the city's high ground dangers and easy to defend and difficult to attack, shrank in the city, stubbornly resisted, the independent division first surrounded the county town, Chen Jitang's troops launched an attack in the south, in an attempt to break the siege, and were repeatedly repelled by the Red Army. Soldiers of the special service battalion were sent to carry long ladders, sneak into the city at night, reconnoitry the situation, instigate the cooperation between the inside and the outside, and finally take the county town.
Although the county seat was taken, Xunwu was located at the southern gate of the Central Soviet Region, which was a transportation hub and also an input channel for the salt of the Central Soviet Region; in the face of the multi-sided attacks of the enemy's regular army and local armed forces in Guangdong and neighboring counties, the enemy was strong and we were weak, and in some places the armed forces still relied on the tuweizi to confront the Red Army, and the independent division continued to expand its achievements, successively destroying many influential tuweizi.
The so-called Tuweizi is a special product of the chaotic times of the Republic of China, when in the countryside, the surname of the head, the local tycoons and inferior gentry, the second-rate lazy man, built some "encirclement" and "village" with strong independence and defense, because its walls were built very high, several feet thick, bullets could not penetrate, the attacking people had no cover, and there were no shells, and the surrounding areas of the tuweizi were paddy fields, and pits could not be dug, which was a very strong fortress in the village at that time. Tuweizi, on all sides are high walls, there are gun holes on the wall, there are bunkers, like a small city, and there are gates, there are moats and suspension bridges, easy to defend and difficult to attack, tuweizi is heavily defended, surrounded by a large pond that is both deep and wide, only a long causeway passes through the pond to the door of tuweizi, there are horns on the left and right of the tuweizi, and the gun holes on the horns are all facing the long causeway, and there are downward gun holes, which can shoot people under the wall.
In the vicinity of the Wucheng River Wei there is a tall and strong earth fence, coiled with the local famous ground snake, known as the earth bully, in front of this earth fence is a pond with a depth of several meters, the outer wall is a lime wall, up to one meter thick, more than ten meters high, it has only one main gate, the surrounding windows are very small, and the 1-2 floors are equipped with a small outer and inner large lookout, which is convenient for looking outward and shooting. There is a well in the earthen enclosure, and the surrounding circle is housing and warehouses, which can accommodate hundreds of people. As soon as the entire earthen gate is closed, it is a strong castle fortress. Three floors were built over the four horns of fire in Tuweizi, forming a solid position that was easy to defend and difficult to attack, and the Red Army launched a general attack, and eight earthen cannons were fired on all sides, which was a strong deterrent.
At the same time, the Red Army took the way of digging tunnels, using coffins to load the ground with nitrate, and blowing up the city wall, which is the famous "coffin cannon". At dawn, with a loud noise, the city wall was blown open, the Red Army swarmed in, the sound of guns and cannons, the shouts were connected, and suddenly the enemy panicked, smelled the wind, and became a mess. For this final victory, division commander Huang Yunqiao personally came to the front line to direct the battle, unfortunately was hit by the enemy cold gun fired from behind, tuweizi although taken down, but the division commander Huang Yunqiao died heroically, only 29 years old.
Huang Yunqiao, a native of Yuelai Township, Xiangxiang County, Hunan Province (present-day Aluminum Village, Chengguan Town). Born on March 27, 1903. His father, Huang Hanchen, made a living as a carpenter and farmer, and his family was poor. Huang Yunqiao only went to school for 4 years when he was 10 years old, and then dropped out of school to help his father farm at home due to financial difficulties, and in the summer of 1923, Xiangxiang suffered a huge flood, and the affected farmers were forced to flee in all directions. Huang Yunqiao, who was 20 years old or older, in order to survive, joined the Army at the Recruitment Station of the Xiang Army and was assigned as a soldier in the first company of the first battalion of the sixth regiment of the third brigade of the second division of the Hunan Army.
At this time, the company commander of Huang Yunqiao's company was None other than General Manager Peng, who had graduated from the Hunan Army's Lecture Hall, and because Huang Yunqiao had excellent military technology, he was very brave in combat. In a siege battle, the main and deputy squad leaders were sacrificed, no one commanded the battle, and the soldiers were momentarily overwhelmed and chaotic. When he saw this, he immediately stepped forward and shouted: "Don't mess around, once we mess up, we will fail and we will be destroyed by the enemy." Now I will act as the squad leader, and everyone will listen to my command, as long as we kill the enemy heroically, we will definitely win. The warriors, united under his command, captured the enemy positions with a single blow, and successfully completed the task. After the war, he was promoted to platoon leader, and since then, he has been following the company commander and later promoted to regimental commander Peng Zong.
Soon after, Huang Yunqiao firmly followed Peng Zong to participate in the Pingjiang Uprising. He led a platoon to rush into Pingjiang City first, surrounded a company of enemy troops who were taking a nap with a cool and half-cut attitude, disarmed it, and cleared the way for the rebel forces to capture Pingjiang City. In the Fifth Red Army, which was established after the victory of the Pingjiang Uprising, Huang Yunqiao successively served as the leader of the district and the captain of the brigade, and gloriously joined the party.
At this time, the Fifth Red Army was repeatedly encircled and suppressed by the Kuomintang troops in the three provinces of Xiang' E, Hubei, and Gansu, and the situation was dangerous, and the troops were greatly reduced. A few officers in the ranks faltered or even mutinied. The former commander of the Fourth Regiment could not bear the hard life and left the team to go home without authorization. The captain of the fourth brigade pulled some of the officers and men and fled. Faced with this grim situation, one day, the military department received a report that Lei Zhenhui, the commander of the first brigade, also had signs of attempting to pull people to defect.
The next morning, before the team assembled and set off, the commander made a speech to announce this decision to the whole army, and it was at this time that Lei Zhenhui suddenly seized the guard's pistol and aimed it at the commander. Just at the moment of this thousand gunshots, Huang Yunqiao's eyes were fast, and he jumped forward, pulling down Lei Zhenhui with his left hand, and drawing his gun with his right hand, killing Lei. This move saved the commander, and more importantly, it was a great harm to the whole army, which was of great significance to stabilizing and consolidating the newly born Red Fifth Army.
Subsequently, Huang Yunqiao was ordered to lead his troops to participate in the defense of Jinggangshan, fought a bloody battle with several times the enemy army at the Tongmuling outpost for four days and nights, and then moved to Gannan with the Red Fifth Army; in the battle against Anfu County, Huang Yunqiao built Qigong and successively served as the commander of the regiment, and after the establishment of the Red Third Army, he served as the commander of the Fourth Division, especially in the first, second, and third anti-encirclement and suppression operations in the Central Soviet Region, Huang Yunqiao commanded the Fourth Division to gallop on the battlefield and made a major contribution to the victory of the anti-encirclement and suppression campaign.
After the victory of the third anti-encirclement and suppression campaign, in order to better expand the iron Red Army, the central authorities decided to dispatch cadres of regular troops to develop local armed forces, and Huang Yunqiao was appointed as the commander of the Gannan Independent Division, training, fighting, and doing mass work while constantly consolidating and expanding the Soviet area, effectively covering the retreat of the Red Third Army after the Battle of Ganzhou. We want to tell future generations about his heroic deeds. ”