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Text | Zhu Xiaoyue loves Kanyu
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In the historical narrative of the Chinese Red Army, we often hear the title "Zhu Mao Red Army", but "Zhu Mao Peng Huang" is equally important, covering the core leaders of the early Red Army. The deeds of Zhu De, Mao Zedong and Peng Dehuai are widely known, but the last "Huang" character represents Huang Gonglue, which is not familiar to most people. Huang Gongluo was not only a strategic military strategist, but also highly praised by Mao Zedong, how did his military talent and contribution to the revolution be recorded in history, and how did he leave his mark in the history of the Chinese revolution?
Born in 1898 in Chaoyang Village, Guihua Township, Xiangxiang City, Hunan Province, Huang Gonglue grew up in a farming culture that did not limit his ambitions and achievements. Having lived in a peasant family since childhood, he experienced the hardships of labor and the hardships of life at an early age, and these experiences laid a solid humanistic foundation for his later military career and revolutionary activities.
In 1916, Huang Gongluo entered the military career and joined the Hunan Army in Hunan. During this period, he successively served as a platoon commander and then a company commander, and accumulated preliminary military command ability through actual combat experience. These early military experiences gave him a deep knowledge and understanding of tactics and tactics, and he gradually revealed his leadership skills.
In the autumn of 1924, Huang Gongluo was admitted to the newly established Whampoa Military Academy through strict selection and became one of the first batch of cadets of the school. During his time at the school, he received systematic military training and theoretical education, which laid a solid foundation for his later military career. Huang Gongluo not only studied military strategy and tactical theories in class, but also actively participated in various actual combat exercises, and quickly accumulated valuable combat experience.
In 1925, as a member of the National Revolutionary Army, Huang Gongluo participated in the famous First Eastern Crusade in history, which was an opportunity for his actual combat ability to be significantly demonstrated. During the Crusade, he demonstrated extraordinary command skills and tactical wisdom, successfully commanding many key battles, and winning praise from his superiors and colleagues.
After the end of the Eastern Crusade, Huang Gonglue's military career rose rapidly, and he was successively appointed deputy director of the Political Department of the Fourth Army of the National Revolutionary Army, and later promoted to commander of the Red Fourth Army. In these positions, Huang Gonglue was not only responsible for daily military training and tactical deployment, but also participated in many important campaign decisions and implementation, and his strategy and command ability were fully verified and demonstrated in actual combat.
As the commander of the Red Fourth Army, Huang Gongluo demonstrated his leadership skills and revolutionary spirit. He not only paid attention to improving the combat capability of the troops, but also attached great importance to the political education and welfare of the soldiers, so as to ensure a high degree of cohesion and combat effectiveness of the troops. Under his leadership, the Red Fourth Army became a disciplined and powerful force, and won many notable victories in battles against the Kuomintang army.
In 1926, the Hunan Army was reorganized into the Eighth Army of the National Revolutionary Army, and Huang Gongluo was appointed as the company commander of the Third Regiment of the First Division in this important change. During the fierce journey of the Northern Expedition, Huang Gonglue led his company to participate in the general attack on Wuchang. In this crucial battle, he showed extraordinary courage and commanding skills, personally leading the way to climb the city walls and charge. Under his direct leadership, the company successfully blew up the enemy's machine-gun position, creating the conditions for the subsequent troops to quickly capture the city of Wuchang, so it received outstanding military achievements.
Huang Gonglue's active participation in the Canton Uprising in 1927 was an important turning point in his political career. After experiencing the baptism of the uprising, he strengthened his revolutionary beliefs and officially joined the Communist Party of China in the same year. For Huang Gonglue, this year is not only a change in military identity, but also a deepening of political beliefs. His joining brought to the Chinese Communist Party an experienced revolutionary soldier who had repeatedly performed miraculous feats on the battlefield.
In July 1928, Huang Gonglue, together with Peng Dehuai and other revolutionary comrades, planned and executed the Pingjiang Uprising, a crucial battle that marked their determination to resist the Nationalist government. During this uprising, Huang Gonglue served as the party representative of the 4th Regiment of the 13th Division of the Fifth Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, and was later promoted to the column commander of the 2nd Column of the 5th Red Army. This position made his leadership position in the Red Army even more prominent, and laid a solid foundation for his subsequent military operations.
In November of the same year, when the main force of the Red Fifth Army went north to Jinggangshan to strengthen the Red Army's strength in the region, Huang Gongluo chose to stay in the Pingjiang and Liuyang areas. Here he was not only responsible for organizing and leading the local guerrilla warfare, but also set about mobilizing the masses and actively creating and expanding the revolutionary bases in the Hunan-Hubei-Jiangxi Soviet region. Through guerrilla tactics and mass mobilization in these areas, Huang effectively weakened the Kuomintang's control and laid an important foundation for the Red Army's long-term strategy.
In September 1929, Huang Gonglue's military career was promoted again, and he was appointed deputy commander of the Red Fifth Army. In this new position, he actively participated in the formulation of military strategy and commanded the Red Fifth Army to expand northward to southeastern Hubei and at the same time to establish contact with the Hunan and Jiangxi Soviet regions to the south, a series of actions that greatly expanded the influence and control of the Hunan-Hubei-Jiangxi Soviet regions. Through these strategic military actions, Huang not only consolidated the existing revolutionary gains, but also provided strategic convenience for the Red Army's larger-scale operations in the future.
In early 1930, Huang Gongluo was appointed commander of the Red Sixth Army, and he immediately led his troops in a series of fierce battles in southwestern Jiangxi. Under his leadership, the Red Sixth Army not only repeatedly defeated the enemy on the battlefield, but also actively expanded and consolidated the revolutionary base areas, which greatly promoted the establishment and expansion of Soviet power. His strategic vision and military talent enabled the previously scattered guerrilla areas to gradually unite into a continuous and solid revolutionary base area.
In July 1930, Huang Gongluo was further promoted to commander of the Third Army of the Red First Army. In this position, he quickly demonstrated outstanding military leadership. In particular, in August, Huang Gongluo commanded the Red Third Army to carry out a well-planned surprise attack on Wenjia City in Liuyang, Hunan. In this battle, the Red Third Army showed extremely high combat effectiveness and successfully annihilated the strength of three regiments and one battalion of the Kuomintang Army, which marked the first major victory after the establishment of the Red First Army.
In subsequent battles, such as the Battle of Liling and the Battle of Ji'an, Huang Gongluo continued to play a decisive role in these key battles with his precise tactical arrangement and decisive command. These victories further strengthened his leadership position among the troops and the population of the Soviet districts, bringing his prestige to its zenith.
Huang Gonglue's military talent and loyalty to the revolution earned him great respect among the military and civilians in the Soviet area. Together with Zhu De, Mao Zedong, and Peng Dehuai, he was known as the core leading force in the Soviet region, and "Zhu, Mao, Peng, and Huang" became a symbol of the tenacity and progress of the Chinese revolution. Huang Gonglue's strategic wisdom and battlefield courage were not only fully demonstrated in the battle, but also left a strong mark in the history of the Chinese revolution.
On a cold winter day at the end of 1930, General Zhang Huizan's 18th Division, self-proclaimed "Iron Army Division", decided to launch a large-scale attack on the Red Third Army. The target is Junbu, which is located more than 30 miles east of Longgang. At this critical moment, the Red Third Army commanded by Huang Gongluo launched a rapid counterattack, directly challenging the vanguard of the Kuomintang army led by Zhang Huizan from the front.
On December 30, the area was covered with a thick layer of fog, which provided a natural cover for the actions of the Red Army. Huang Gongluo carefully deployed his troops to ambush them in the area of Huangzhuling in Longgang. The 7th, 8th, and 9th divisions of the Red Army quietly hid in the woods and grass, waiting for the arrival of enemy troops.
Zhang Huizan led his subordinate 52nd and 53rd brigades and divisional headquarters with a total of 8,000 people to secretly advance along Longgang to Junbu. Just as the enemy army was marching unharmed, Huang Gongluo decisively gave the order to attack. Suddenly a heavy fire erupted from the mountains, and the sudden attack of the Red Army completely disrupted the plan of action of the Kuomintang army.
The Red Army's heavy fire quickly pushed the enemy back to a nearby river, and the Kuomintang troops suffered heavy losses in the confusion, with many soldiers falling in the exchange of fire, others falling into the river and drowning in the escape. In this melee, General Zhang Huizan himself panicked and was eventually captured alive by the Red Army in the grass, and his guard battalion surrendered with no way out.
In the late autumn of 1931, Huang Gongluo commanded the Red Third Army to march in the Donggu area of southern Jiangxi, and unfortunately encountered a sudden air attack by enemy aircraft on the way. An enemy plane fired several rounds at low altitude, one of which unfortunately hit Huang Gonglue in the abdomen. Although his comrades quickly moved him to a relatively safe place for first aid, due to his injuries and excessive blood loss, Huang Gongluo died heroically from his injuries that night at the age of 33.
Huang Gonglue's sudden death brought deep grief to the whole army. Under his leadership, the Red Army won many battles and made great contributions to the revolutionary cause. His tactical wisdom and unwavering courage were admired and loved by his soldiers. Huang Gonglue's sacrifice was not only a huge loss for the Red Army, but also the loss of an outstanding military leader for the entire Chinese revolution.
Mao Zedong felt great regret and sorrow for Huang Gonglue's sacrifice, and he once sighed: "The Guangzhou riots did not die, the Pingjiang riots did not die, and now they are sacrificed, and the hateful catastrophe has fallen from the sky;
In the spring of 1955, the People's Republic of China officially conferred the rank of marshal on eight generals, all of whom had demonstrated outstanding leadership and military talent during the long revolutionary struggle. Among these historical figures, if Huang Gongluo had not died heroically in 1931, he would probably have been among them.
Huang Gongliu, a martyr who bravely sacrificed his life for the cause of the Chinese revolution, has become an immortal hero in the hearts of the Chinese people with his fearless courage and firm conviction. On the battlefield, he always rushed to the forefront, led the Red Army soldiers to overcome difficulties, and demonstrated extraordinary military talent and strong leadership. His whole life was a wholehearted service to the party and the people, and a deep and persistent pursuit of revolutionary ideals.
The spirit of martyr Huang Gongliu still shines brightly in the hearts of the Chinese people. His story has been told over and over again in the annals of revolutionary history and has become a powerful force for future generations to continue to move forward. Although Huang Gonglue's life has passed, his spirit and dedication will forever be remembered in history and become an eternal memorial, inspiring everyone who fights for their ideals.