In the Zhejiang Museum, there is a celadon boat of the Southern Song Dynasty, this porcelain boat is exquisitely shaped, anyone who looks at it will feel love, it is the Southern Song Dynasty Longquan kiln boat shaped stone drops. This piece of national treasure porcelain was inadvertently picked up by a girl named He Zhaodi in 1954 while digging wild vegetables, her family saw that the porcelain boat was very exquisite and hid the porcelain boat, ready to give her a dowry, but at a wedding, He Zhaodi accidentally said that the porcelain boat was picked up, and was heard by the experts of the Cultural Relics Bureau next to her, and after hearing her home address, she took the initiative to come to the door and used a prize of 68 yuan to collect the porcelain boat to the public. At present, this Southern Song Dynasty Longquan kiln boat-shaped stone drop is one of the "treasures of the town hall" of the Zhejiang Museum, worth more than 10 million.
In 1954, He Zhaodi, a 16-year-old girl from Shangyan Village in Longquan, Zhejiang Province, went to dig wild vegetables in the wild. On this day, when He Zhaodi was digging wild vegetables, he accidentally saw a light flashing in the soil under the wild vegetables. "Is there something buried in the soil?" He Zhaodi thought while curiously digging up the dirt with a shovel. After a while, He Zhaodi actually dug out a piece of ship-shaped porcelain from the dirt.
The porcelain glowed cyan throughout, and the main body of the porcelain was a small boat with an opening at the bow that looked like a kettle. The porcelain boat is exquisitely made, the glaze color is mild as water, He Zhaodi likes it more and more, she ran to the river to clean the soil on the porcelain boat, and she did not care about digging wild vegetables anymore, and directly took the porcelain boat home happily.
After returning home, He Zhaodi's parents were also amazed when they saw the porcelain boat. Longquan is rich in porcelain since ancient times, the local people have a special preference for porcelain, although they do not know what the origin of the porcelain ship, but in the dark, they feel that this porcelain ship is an antique, it should be a valuable treasure.
He Zhaodi's mother said to her: "This porcelain boat is definitely a treasure, since you picked it up, you will put it away, don't tell others, and take it as a dowry for you in the future!" He Zhaodi was very happy, she asked her mother to find a red cloth, wrapped the porcelain boat around her, and then put it in her own cabinet and hid it.
In 1955, He Zhaodi and his mother went to the county to attend a relative's wedding. He Zhaodi saw that the dowry of the bride's dowry actually had a piece of porcelain in the shape of a boat. He Zhaodi, who was quick-talking, pointed to the porcelain boat in the dowry and said, "I picked up a porcelain boat last year when I was digging wild vegetables, which is much more beautiful than this porcelain boat, and my mother still wants to take it for me as a dowry..."
The speaker has no heart, the listener is intentional, He Zhaodi originally meant to show off that he had a more beautiful porcelain boat at home, but this sentence was heard by a cultural relics bureau expert surnamed Li next to him, and the sensitivity of the profession made The Expert Li feel shocked.
After listening to He Zhaodi's words, Expert Li walked over to her and said, "I am the administrator of the Cultural Relics Bureau, what did the porcelain ship you picked up look like?" Before He Zhaodi could reply, the mother beside her became vigilant and immediately pulled He Zhaodi aside and avoided Expert Li.
After watching the performance of He Zhaodi's mother and daughter, Expert Li was even more convinced that He Zhaodi must have picked up a treasure. So at the wedding scene, Expert Li inquired about He Zhaodi's home address, and as soon as the banquet was over, he went to He Zhaodi's house in a hurry.
After He Zhaodi's father listened to Expert Li's self-introduction and intentions, his heart "giggled" for a moment, and he hesitantly said to Expert Li: "My daughter did pick up a piece of ship-shaped porcelain, but the porcelain boat was put away by her, and I don't know where to put it..." No way, Expert Li can only wait for them to return at He Zhaodi's house.
That night, He Zhaodi's mother and daughter returned home very late, and as soon as they entered the house, they saw Expert Li. Just met in the morning, He Zhaodi's mother had a premonition that Expert Li must have come to the porcelain boat, and she felt frightened in her heart. After seeing the nervous expressions of He Zhaodi's mother and daughter, Expert Li said to them: "Don't be afraid, I am the administrator of the county cultural relics bureau, I heard that your daughter-in-law picked up a beautiful porcelain boat, I want to see..."
He Zhaodi and his family realized that the Li expert in front of them had come to He Zhaodi's dowry, and they were even more nervous, and no one squeaked. Expert Li looked at their family and said to them with a serious expression: "I did not come this time to force you to hand over cultural relics, but according to the relevant regulations of the state, whether they are picked up on the road or dug up in the field, the cultural relics belong to the state, that is public property, and no one can swallow it privately." ”
The mid-1950s was a fiery era when the whole society was concentrating on building a socialist motherland, people's ideological consciousness was very high, and people generally put collective interests above individual interests. After listening to Expert Li's words, He Zhaodi's father was afraid that he and his family would be put on a selfish hat, he said: "It is very late today, it is better that you stay here for a night, in a moment I will let He Zhaodi look for that thing, and after finding it, we will go with you to my cultural relics bureau to hand in the cultural relics." ”
That night, He Zhaodi's family of three tossed and turned and couldn't sleep, and He Zhaodi's mother complained that she talked too much during the day, causing the porcelain boat to be remembered by Expert Li. He Zhaodi also blamed herself, but there was nothing she could do, she could only watch her dowry being taken away like this.
Early the next morning, He Zhaodi took out his treasured dowry from the cabinet, the small porcelain boat, and handed it to Expert Li. After carefully looking at the porcelain ship, Expert Li told them affirmatively: "This is a piece of porcelain from the Longquan kiln, a precious cultural relic." ”
Subsequently, He Zhaodi's family of three followed Expert Li to the Longquan Cultural Relics Bureau and donated the porcelain boat to the Cultural Relics Bureau, and the Cultural Relics Bureau let them go home after receiving the porcelain boat. A few days later, a relative of He Zhaodi's family brought back 68 yuan from the county town and told them that the money was a reward given to them by the Cultural Relics Bureau. Although the Antiquities Bureau gave them bonuses, they did not give them honorary certificates.
So, what kind of cultural relics is the Longquan kiln porcelain boat donated by He Zhaodi?
Longquan kiln porcelain boat height 9.1 cm, width 6.5 cm, length 16.7 cm, is from the Southern Song Dynasty Longquan kiln official kiln a piece of stone drops, experts named it "Southern Song Dynasty Longquan kiln boat shaped stone drops".
Yan Di is a kind of ancient literary ink treasure, which is an artifact used to inject water into the grinding brick platform. Because the yandi is a practical utensil, most of the yandi shape and workmanship are very simple, but this Southern Song Dynasty Longquan kiln boat-shaped yandi is unique in design, and exquisite workmanship, which is a fine product in the Southern Song Dynasty Longquan kiln yandi.
The Southern Song Dynasty Longquan kiln boat-shaped yandi is very much in line with the temperament of the ancient literati, the overall shape of the yandi is a small boat, the middle part of the ship has a cabin, and there are two people sitting on the ground in the cabin, they are talking softly; outside the cabin, a boatman wearing a coat is removing the bucket on his head. There is stillness in the whole Yan dripping, and there is movement in the static, and the unique shape design is full of humanistic atmosphere, which is in line with the elegant temperament of the ancient Chinese literati.
Later, the Southern Song Dynasty Longquan kiln boat-shaped yan was rated as a national first-class cultural relic, which is a national treasure-level cultural relic. With the gradual increase in the price of Longquan kiln porcelain in recent years, this Southern Song Dynasty Longquan kiln boat-shaped stone is currently valued at more than 10 million yuan.
Regarding the fact that Expert Li came to the door to forcibly collect the Longquan kiln boat-shaped yan of the Southern Song Dynasty, some people believe that Li Expert's approach is not rude. He Zhaodi's family did not want to donate, it was the experts who took the policy to pressure them to donate, and only gave a reward of 68 yuan after donation, and did not give an honorary certificate, which is no different from forcibly taking advantage of it. Some people also think that Li experts are correct in their approach, as a cultural relics worker, Li experts have high professional sensitivity, and after learning about cultural relics clues, they cling to the clues, and eventually make the national treasure-level cultural relics return to the country, and his practice should be commended.
Fang Yuan believes that these two views are reasonable, but the state should pay more attention to cultural relics donors, especially donors who donate such national treasure-level cultural relics, and should add additional rewards according to the changes of the times and the value of cultural relics, so as not to make donors chill, so that more people are willing to donate cultural relics to the state. What do you think?