Patients who have learned about IVF know that IVF technology is also divided into the first generation, the second generation, and the third generation of IVF. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the first, second and third generations of IVF? AA69 Fertility Center takes you to analyze it together.
1. The first generation of IVF (IVF - embryo transfer)
Surgical procedure: The woman's egg is removed from the man's sperm (washed), placed in the culture medium to be fertilized naturally and developed into an embryo, and then the embryo is implanted into the woman's uterine cavity to achieve pregnancy.
Applicable population: blocked fallopian tubes of women; abnormal ovulation; endometriosis; congenital infertility.
Advantages and disadvantages: suitable for a wide range of people, almost all infertility patients can choose, but the "natural fertilization" method is easily disturbed by external factors, and the success rate is slightly lower (about 40%).
2. Second generation IVF (intracytoplasmic sperm injection)
Surgical procedure: After the sperm egg is retrieved, a single sperm of the man is injected into the woman's oocyte plasma with a microsyringe, so that the sperm and the egg are passively combined to fertilize to form a fertilized egg, and the pregnancy is achieved by embryo transfer, replacing the process of natural binding.
Applicable population: male sperm abnormalities (oligospermia, weak sperm, azoospermia, sperm malformations, etc.); sperm-egg binding disorders; in vitro fertilization failure or very low fertilization rate (less than 20%).
Advantages and disadvantages: Compared with the natural combination of the first generation, this fertilization process is assisted fertilization, so the chance of fertilization is greater, and the success rate is higher (between 40 and 50%).
3. Third generation IVF (preimplantation genetic screening)
Surgical procedure: First choose the first and second generation methods to complete fertilization according to the cause of infertility, but the difference is that the third generation of test tubes needs to be in the embryo culture stage, that is, the blastocyst stage (between the fifth and seventh days of embryo culture), the removal of single or multiple hilocystes (1 to 3), genetic screening tests, and then select chromosomally normal embryos for transfer, so as to reduce the baby's chance of genetic diseases.
Applicable population: couples with genetic diseases (hemophilia, albinism, etc.); chromosomal abnormalities; elderly pregnant mothers; habitual miscarriage.
Advantages and disadvantages: can prevent genetic diseases to a certain extent, the selection of high-quality, healthy blastocyst transfer, but also greatly improved the success rate (about 65%), theoretically to achieve the purpose of eugenics, but this technology on the quality of the embryo is high, and can not complete the process at once, need to develop the embryo to the fifth day after the transfer, there may be no healthy embryos available for transfer. And the cost is more expensive.
It can be seen from the above that the three IVF techniques are not good or bad, they all have their own indications, but also have their own advantages and disadvantages, and choosing the right technology for themselves is the best.