Text: That kind of history is very interesting
With the annihilation of the main forces of the two major forces of the Beiyang warlords, Wu Peifu and Sun Chuanfang, Zhang Zuolin was driven out of Beijing, and the Northern Expedition was a formal victory. Although this time the National Revolution was defeated in the final sense because of the theft of the Chiang Kai-shek clique, it also achieved many achievements, and the biggest victory was the realization of the formal unification of China, which also accumulated experience for the subsequent domestic revolution. The victory of the Northern Expedition came from national and international efforts, and these reasons together promoted the sword to the north to break through the enemy's strong gates.
The fact that the Northern Expedition was able to achieve great victories in just two years must first of all be inseparable from the unity and cooperation of the Kuomintang and the Communists, which is the most important reason. The sincere cooperation between the two parties led to the rapid growth of the ranks of the Northern Expeditionary Army, and although the two parties were constantly in dispute, the original intention of dealing with the warlord forces was the same, and the two sides were basically united and concentrated against the common enemy. Dr. Sun Yat-sen's greatest wish was to watch the collapse of feudalism and imperialist forces, and although Chiang Kai-shek also wanted to achieve his dictatorship, in order to appease the people and do a good job of superficial work, he also had to use his knife against the Beiyang warlords, and the warlords were so powerful that they would threaten his rule and position in the country. At this time, the proposal of the Communist Joint Northern Expedition made Chiang Kai-shek accept it without hesitation.
To win a war, the correct operational policy and marching route are solid cornerstones. Although the Northern Expedition was from 1924 to 1926, most of the time the Northern Expeditionary Army was preparing for the war, and the real war was only fought for half a year. During the preparatory period, a great deal of work was done, both militarily and politically, and the propaganda and guidance of the Communists enabled many commanders and fighters of the Northern Expeditionary Army to have clear revolutionary goals and a revolutionary spirit of not being afraid of sacrifice and fighting heroically. Before the Northern Expedition was dispatched, the rear base areas of our army were also consolidated. The elimination of our own rebellion, the suppression of reactionary forces, and the consolidation of revolutionary power have given us no worries about the organization and leadership of the war, and the mobilization of resources can be unified.
"Persimmons are specially picked and pinched softly", this truth is understood by everyone, so the Kuomintang and the Communist Party also adopted this strategy when formulating the marching line. Although the National Revolutionary Army was unprecedentedly strong because of the unprecedented cooperation between the two parties, it was still a bit stretched to deal directly with all the warlords, so the army chose to go north first to sweep away Wu Peifu's forces, because Wu Peifu was relatively weak among the three major forces, and because the relationship between the warlords and the warlords was not too good, Wu Peifu's army chose to watch the fire from the other two major forces after being attacked, and after eliminating Wu Peifu's forces, the large army continued to march eastward and annihilate Sun Chuanfang's forces, although the largest warlord force at that time - Zhang Zuolin's Fengjun sensed the crisis, but it was too late to send troops to support.
Why is there war within a country? Because the interests of the people are damaged, the people's lives are difficult, and a force loses the support of the people, or is even deeply hated by the people, then this force is bound to perish. During the period of the Northern Expedition, the Northern Expedition received the enthusiastic support of the broad masses of workers and peasants. At the time of the Northern Expedition, since the scope of the Communist Party's activities was mainly in Guangdong, under the leadership of our party, the masses of workers and peasants in Guangdong first stood up and set off a vigorous pre-branch movement. The whole province was mobilized, and most of the infrastructure and civilian facilities were put into support of the war, and even the striking workers spontaneously organized propaganda teams and transport teams to accompany the army. When they go north, the people also eat pot pulp, rejoice and thunder, and the people along the way send clothes and quilts, food and water. And every time a place was breached, the local people would organize themselves and join the subsequent wars, which gradually increased the power of the Northern Expeditionary Army. The enemy's strength is declining day by day, and our army is thriving day by day. The support of the people was the fundamental reason for the victory in the Northern Expedition.
Morale plays a pivotal role in fighting, a hero or deed, a victory in a battle can boost the morale of the entire army, so that everyone can gain confidence and work harder into battle. The vast number of officers and men in the Northern Expedition fought bravely and rarely achieved defeats, especially the spirit of the Communists and communist youth league members in the Northern Expedition army who fought hard and persevered in the Northern Expedition army played a backbone role and a vanguard role. The term "Iron Army," which most people have heard of, is used to describe the Ye Ting Independent Regiment, which won every battle in the Northern Expedition, and the Ye Ting Independent Regiment served as a frontal attack during the attack on the Two Lakes, fought bravely and well in the Northern Expedition War, repeatedly broke through strong enemies, took the lead in starting from Guangdong, captured Wuchang City, and won victories again and again. Because the two parties only cooperated temporarily, there was also a comparison in the war, and the emergence of the "iron army" made the Kuomintang army unable to resist its own offensive steps. The morale of the entire Northern Expeditionary Army was mobilized, and of course the war was able to break through.
Because of the cooperation between the Communist Party of China and the Soviet government, the relationship between the Soviet government and China at that time was also very good, and before the Northern Expedition War began, the Soviet government had decided to provide financial help to Sun Yat-sen, which was undoubtedly a blessing in the snow of the Northern Expedition War, and the Soviet government, after the consent of Dr. Sun Yat-sen, sent a political and military advisory group to the Guangdong revolutionary government, and at that time, China's military and political did not have a more mature theory. Soviet assistance to talent also provided guidance for the formulation of war strategies and guidelines. A strong backing for a country is the cultivation of talents, and the establishment of the Whampoa Military Academy has also been funded by Moscow. Of course, the Soviet Union also continuously gave the Northern Expeditionary Army a lot of weapons and ammunition. It was the assistance of these military materials that provided a strong military force for the victory of the Northern Expedition.
The three major warlords were also not united at that time, and they acted against each other everywhere, which also gave the Northern Expeditionary Army the opportunity to take advantage of the opportunity to enter, because the slogan played by the Northern Expeditionary Army at that time was "first fight Wu Peifu and Sun Chuanfang and not fight Zhang Zuolin", which made one of the three major warlords' forces beaten, and the other two sides wanted to sit on the advantages of the fisherman.
The factors for the victory of a war are all in all its aspects, and adequate preparation, correct policy, and a solid mass base are all necessary. Unity has made us stronger, sufficient preparations have made us no hungry wolves in the rear, the correct policy has allowed our sword to directly attack the yellow dragon, of course, the excellent combat spirit of the soldiers and the international support have also played an indelible role, the support of the people is the fundamental reason for our victory, after all, without the people, where is the country?
References to historical documents:
Anthology of Materials from the Northern Expedition
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