Source丨21st Century Business Herald, 21 New Health
Author 丨 Wei Xiao Zhu Ping
Editor 丨 Xu Xu
Figure Source 丨 Figure worm
Recently, following Hong Kong, imported cases of Omicron have been found in Tianjin and Guangzhou in the mainland.
On the afternoon of December 14, Guangzhou reported at a press conference on epidemic prevention and control that Guangzhou had found the first positive case of Omicron imported from abroad in Guangzhou. It is understood that the case is a person who returned to home isolation at the end of the entry isolation period, and is the second case of infection with the Omicron variant of the new coronavirus found in China.
Previously, on the 13th, Chinese mainland the first discovery of the new coronavirus Omicron variant. According to the Tianjin Municipal Epidemic Prevention and Control Headquarters, the patient was imported from outside Tianjin Municipality, was an entry closed-loop control personnel, and was currently isolated and treated in a designated hospital.
In the face of the continuous import of Ami Kerong cases, whether the existing various types of new crown vaccines in China can cope with it has become the focus of attention of the Chinese people. Recently, a number of institutions and enterprises have released the results of serum neutralization experiments for domestic new crown vaccines.
On December 12, the University of Hong Kong School of Medicine and the School of Medicine of the University of Chinese in Hong Kong released a joint study showing that the new variant of the new coronavirus, Omicron, can significantly reduce the virus neutrality capacity of Fosun Pharma's "Fubitai" mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2) by 32 times or more. Previously, on December 8, Pfizer and BioNTech released the results of a preliminary laboratory study that also showed that the effectiveness of only two doses of mRNA vaccine on Omiqueron was significantly reduced.
On December 13, the domestic vaccine company Zhifeilong Kema released a message on its official website that for the Aomi Kerong variant, the recombinant novel coronavirus vaccine (CHO cells) jointly researched and developed with the Institute of Microbiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences can still provide good protection.
The University of Hong Kong also released research results today showing that only 5 of the 25 Fupitech vaccinators had the ability to neutralize Omicron, and the neutralization ability was significantly reduced, and the neutralization level was significantly reduced by 36-40 times compared with the original strain; none of the 25 Coxing vaccinators had a serum neutralization of Omicron.
As a result, most two-dose vaccinators are unable to induce sufficient antibody levels to fight Omicron.
However, the latest research results released by Cosh bio show that the positive rate of serum neutralizing antibodies after 20 doses of two doses of inactivated vaccine was 35% (7/20), but the positive rate of serum neutralizing antibodies after 48 doses of three doses of vaccine was 94% (45/48). The results showed that the vaccination of the third dose of the vaccine was effective in improving the ability of serum to neutralize the Omicron virus strain.
In addition, the latest research results also show that the CanSino biological adenovirus covid-19 vaccine can still provide good protection. Cansino Bio is also working on a COVID-19 vaccine for the Semikron variant.
Although today's biomedical sector collectively dived, but affected by the above good news, the unnamed pharmaceutical, which is considered to be the only Koxing vaccine concept stock in A shares, rose 9.99%, and CanSino-U rose 10.77%.
Overall, in the face of the new "super variant" Omi kerong, no matter what kind of vaccine, the vaccination of two doses has not been able to form enough protective efficiency, as soon as possible full vaccination to strengthen the needle is imminent.
Is the domestic vaccine effective against Opichron?
The new crown mRNA vaccine BNT162b2, also known as the domestic Fubitai, was jointly developed by China Fosun Pharma and German BioNTech. According to Fosun Pharma's public data, as of November 27, the vaccine has been administered more than 13.5 million doses in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan.
According to a joint study conducted by the University of Hong Kong and the School of Medicine of the University of Chinese, compared with the original new crown virus, the antibody level of the "Fubitai" vaccine to Omicilon was greatly reduced by 97%, and the distance between the two was 32 times, showing a weakened protective power.
Previously, on December 9, Pfizer and BioNTech jointly released data from a preliminary laboratory study that also showed that three doses of mRNA new crown vaccine (BNT162b2) can effectively neutralize the Omicron (Omilon) variant, compared to only two doses of vaccine to neutralize the titer is significantly lower. Albert Bourla, CEO of Pfizer, said that although the effectiveness of the two-dose series of vaccines on Omiqueron has decreased significantly, the two doses of vaccines can still prevent serious diseases caused by Omilon.
However, in this regard, some authoritative people believe that the decline in neutralizing antibodies does not mean that the effectiveness of vaccines and the like has declined, because the human immune system is very complex. Soumya Swaminathan, who's chief scientist, said that the body's immune system has T cells and memory B cells, and it is still too early to conclude that the effectiveness of the vaccine has decreased significantly based on the reduction of neutralizing antibodies.
Figure / Figure worm
On December 13, the official website of Zhifeilong Kema released the news that the latest research on the recombinant novel coronavirus vaccine (CHO cells) jointly researched and developed with the Institute of Microbiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences showed that the recombinant new coronavirus vaccine can still provide good protection against the Aomi Kerong variant.
This study was organized by the Institute of Microbiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the serum of subjects 1 month after the full immunization of 3 recombinant NEW CORONAVIRUS vaccines was detected by the pseudoviral cross-neutralization test method. The results showed that 78% (25/32) of the subjects' serums tested positive for neutralizing antibodies to the Omikejong variant, of which the serum of subjects with an interval of more than 4 months between the second and third doses of immunity, 100% (16/16) tested positive for neutralizing antibodies in the Omiljung variant, and the mean titer of the neutralizing antibody was only about 3 times lower than that of the prototype strain, which was better than that of other marketed vaccines reported so far. At the same time, only 6.25% (1/16) of the serum of those who recovered from COVID-19 as a control group tested positive for neutralizing antibodies of the Omikejong mutant strain.
So, in the face of Ami kerong, is the COVID-19 inactivated vaccine effective?
According to the latest news, the University of Hong Kong research team isolated the Omilkejunn variants HKU691 and HKU344-R346K from patient cells, and used the live virus trace neutralization test to determine the serum neutralization sensitivity of the original strain and the Omilkejung, Delta and beta variants from 25 Fupiter and 25 Coxing inactivated vaccinators.
The results showed that only 5 of the 25 Compounder vaccinators had the ability to neutralize Omicron, and the neutralization capacity was significantly reduced, and the neutralization level was significantly reduced by 36-40 times compared with the original strain; none of the 25 Coxing vaccinators had a serum neutralization of Omicron. As a result, most two-dose vaccinators are unable to induce sufficient antibody levels to fight Omicron.
In this regard, the researchers believe that Omicron significantly reduced the effectiveness of the two doses of the new crown vaccine. Therefore, people with two doses of vaccination and those who have recovered from COVID-19 are at higher risk of breakthrough infection or re-infection. Next-generation vaccine designs should take full account of mutations that cover Omicron. Second, a third needle is needed to enhance the antibody response. At present, whether the third dose of the Cosh vaccine can enhance the neutralization ability to face Omicron is still being studied.
In addition, recently, Kexing and the team of academician Yuan Guoyong of the University of Hong Kong have signed a cooperation agreement to introduce samples of the Omicron mutant strain isolated by HKU, which arrived in Beijing on the afternoon of December 9 and transferred to the P3 Laboratory of the Institute of Medical Laboratory Animals of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences for research.
Subsequently, on December 15, the latest laboratory findings of Coxing showed that the neutralizing antibody test was performed on 20 doses of 2 doses of CoronaVac and 48 doses of CoronaVac using one of the strains of Omicron, the positive rate of serum neutralizing antibodies after 20 doses of two doses of vaccine was 35% (7/20), and the positive rate of serum neutralizing antibodies after 48 doses of three doses of vaccine was 94% (45/48). The above results show that the vaccination of the third dose of vaccine can effectively improve the ability of serum to neutralize the Omicron virus strain.
It is critical to respond to the Vaccination of Omicron
From the above recent studies, many studies have shown that vaccination with the new crown vaccine can effectively deal with "Omi Kerong".
The test data also show that the antibody can be increased by 25 times after the third dose of "Fubitai". Preliminary data from serum neutralization experiments previously released by South Africa also show that the protection rate of three injections of "Fubite" on Omicron is still 75%, and the vaccine can prevent death and severe illness.
In this regard, Albert Bourla, CEO of Pfizer, pointed out that this result is expected to accelerate the pace of global popularization of the third injection.
According to live virus studies conducted in collaboration with the Virology Laboratory of the Ministry of Health in Israel's Sheba Medical Center and the Ministry of Health, the serum of people who received two doses of vaccination 5-6 months ago had almost no ability to neutralize "Omikron", while the serum neutralizing antibody levels of those who received the booster vaccine increased by about 100 times.
In addition, vaccination against xenotype vaccines may be more effective. A few days ago, Zhong Nanshan, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and a well-known respiratory expert, demonstrated the data on the change in antibody levels after the sequential strengthening of the recombinant new crown vaccine at the 2021 Greater Bay Area Science Forum, introducing that the population receiving the recombinant vaccine enhancer was significantly higher than the population receiving the inactivated vaccine; in another set of trials, the antibody would be increased by about 200 times after 3-6 months of inactivated vaccine with cansino adenovirus vaccine. Zhong Nanshan suggested that vaccination with xenotype vaccines may be more effective.
Recent research by Zhu Fengcai, deputy director of the Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, also confirmed that after receiving two doses of inactivated vaccine, and then receiving a dose of adenovirus vector new crown vaccine as a reinforcement, the antibody level increased by about 78 times after 14 days; if the third dose was strengthened with inactivated vaccine, the antibody level increased by about 15.2 times. Vaccinating boosters will effectively increase neutralizing antibody levels, which also means better immunity to the virus.
The latest research shows that the CanSino adenovirus vaccine still provides good protection. The test results of the Central Inspection Institute showed that after receiving 2 doses of inactivated vaccine, the 1 dose of adenovirus vector COVID-19 vaccine (inhalation dosage form) was sequentially strengthened, and the titer of the pseudovirus neutralizing antibody was only slightly lower than that of the prototype strain, and the titer of neutralizing antibody was 10 times higher than that of the three-dose inactivated vaccine.
At present, Cansino Bio is carrying out the development of a covid-19 vaccine for the Semikron variant. Once a mutant strain with the protection of the escape vaccine is found, a product for the new strain can be quickly developed and produced.
According to the data of inhaled adenovirus vector COVID-19 vaccine Kwesa enhanced immunization introduced by Zhu Tao, chief scientific officer of CanSino Biologics at the 21st China Biologics Annual Conference, the adenovirus vector vaccine nebulization inhalation method after 2 doses of inactivated vaccine was continuously strengthened, and the antibody level and safety performance were better.
As for the duration of the enhanced protective efficacy of the needle, Pfizer CEO Albert Bourla said that how long the three-shot vaccine can provide protection for the mutant strain still needs to be verified by real-world data. "Because viral variants can produce immune escape from vaccines, people may need to get a fourth dose of the vaccine earlier than expected."
Editor of this issue: Siying Chen, Intern Ke Zhang