Jimu News Reporter Ma Haoran Zhan Ju
After more than 2,000 years, the Jiangcun Tomb in Bailuyuan, Baqiao District, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, has finally unveiled the mystery of its identity. On December 14, 2021, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage held an online meeting in Beijing and announced that the Jiangcun Tomb is the tomb of Emperor Wen of Han.
Previously, from the Yuan Dynasty onwards, the Phoenix Mouth, about 2100 meters north of the Jiangcun Tomb, has been considered the location of the Han Wen Emperor's mausoleum. Nowadays, the real Baling is confirmed, and the problem of the names of the eleven imperial tombs of the Western Han Dynasty has also been solved.
On the 14th, Jimu News reporters visited the Outer Hidden Pit in the southwest area of Baling.
The highest specification tomb of the Western Han Dynasty
As early as 2016, the pit outside the Jiangcun Tomb was repeatedly stolen. In order to confirm the preservation status of the tomb and the distribution of surrounding cultural relics, with the approval of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage, archaeologists conducted systematic archaeological investigation and survey of the Tomb of Empress Dou and the nearby Tomb of Empress Dou, the Southern Tomb of Empress Bo, and the Phoenix Mouth where the former Baling Tomb was located, and carried out archaeological excavations of the hidden pits outside the cemetery. At present, it is basically confirmed that the Jiangcun Tomb is the tomb of Liu Heng, the Emperor of han.
Jiangcun Tomb is located at the western end of Bailuyuan in the eastern suburbs of Xi'an, about 800 meters northeast of the Tomb of Empress Dou, about 2000 meters southwest of the Southern Tomb of Empress Bo, and about 2100 meters north of the former national security unit Phoenix Zui Baling. Since the Yuan Dynasty, the Phoenix Mouth has been rumored to be the location of the Baling Tombs, and now archaeological exploration has confirmed that the Phoenix Mouth has no Han Dynasty tomb remains, ruling out the possibility that it is a Baling Tomb.
Jiangcun tomb plane is "Ya" shape, the surface of the land is not sealed, the tomb side length of about 72 meters, more than 30 meters deep, more than 110 outer burial pits have been found around the burial chamber, and there are pebble-paved cemetery facilities (tentatively named "Stone Boundary"), the edge length is about 390 meters, and there are gate sites on the front and outside of the four sides of the stone boundary, which is speculated to be an independent imperial mausoleum. In the excavation of the hidden pit outside the tomb, a large number of dressed pottery figurines, pottery, bronze ware, and many official seals of the Han Dynasty such as "Zhongqi Qianren", "Zhongsikong Seal" and "Zhongsikong Cheng" were unearthed, especially the discovery of the criminal figurines was the first time in China.
Archaeology has excavated 8 outer pits of Jiangcun Tomb, and unearthed more than 1,500 pieces of pottery figurines, copper seals, copper carriages and horses, iron tools, pottery, etc., indicating that the outer pits around Jiangcun Tomb should be built to imitate the actual official office and the government treasury.
The shape and scale of the Jiangcun Tomb are in line with the highest level tomb specifications of the Western Han Dynasty, coupled with the distribution of the Tomb of Empress Dou and the Tomb of Empress Bo around it, experts confirm that the Tomb of Jiangcun is the Tomb of emperor Wen of Han.
The outer pit has been surveyed
At 3 p.m. on the 14th, Jimu news reporters came to some of the outer tibetan pits located in the southwest area of Baling for on-the-spot visits.
The outer pit is the Excavation Site No. 2 of the Outer Hidden Pit of Jiangcun Tomb, with a land area of more than 3,700 square meters, and the excavation began in November 2017. The excavation site is surrounded by a railing, covered with barbed wire, and inside it is a large tent made of steel, tarpaulin, and colored steel tiles, surrounded by flat and soft land. The colored steel plates of the ceiling covered the excavation sites tightly, and the tents were surrounded by black tarpaulins.
Walking into the inside of the tent, the reporter saw the true appearance of the outer pit. A warning pole connected by chains is installed on the ground directly in front of the crater, as well as a "DWK27" sign set up by the Hanling Archaeological Team, and the crater is reserved on each side of the crater for only one person to pass. The depth of the entire pit is about 8 meters, the pit has been excavated, the bottom soil and stone are relatively flat, and there are steps left in a section of the pothole, leaving traces of archaeological staff exploring and excavating.
The staff responsible for managing and maintaining the hidden pits at the site said that the excavation site was excavated in 2017, and all the excavations of the pits were completed in 2019, and the excavated items were all terracotta figurines, and there were no other funerary objects. This archaeological work has determined the exact location of the tombs of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty and solved the problem of the names of the eleven imperial tombs of the Western Han Dynasty.
Phoenix Mouth Baling, for the false Baling
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