Finish Yan A bone fight: shoot the wolf with a bow, and die in a gentle township
In The history of China, the Jin Dynasty was the initiator of the disaster that brought great calamity to the Chinese nation, the Jin people went all the way south, so that the Great Song Dynasty lost the core territory of the Han people, the Qinling Mountains to the north of Huaishui belonged to the enemy country, and the Zhao and Song regimes supported bitterly in a corner of the jiangnan, bowed their knees, and suffered humiliation.
The Jin people were barbaric, the Bieliang fell, the Second Emperor was taken captive, thousands of clans migrated north, the concubines and princesses clearly marked prices, became slaves to prostitutes, were arbitrarily humiliated, the Beijing division was eroded, the goods were plundered, and the first of our Han people suffered the pain of the fall of the country, and all of this came from a Jin kingdom founded by a man named Guanyan Akuta.
I don't know where the mausoleum of Yan Akuta is now, whether anyone has come to worship, it is said that as early as the 80s, it was converted into a septic tank by the villagers, presumably not many people will go there.
But I know that the ancestor of the Yuan Dynasty who broke the Chinese bloodline, the mighty mausoleum of Genghis Khan, is a tourist hotspot, and people constantly go to worship and take a photo triumphantly, as if they have long forgotten how the Mongols' war knives cut their ancestors to the ground.
Because the pain caused by the country they founded to the Han nation has long been covered up by a beautiful word of "great national unity", even Yue Feiyue is not a national hero, and this title has been deleted from textbooks, then this Yan Ah Bone Is definitely also a brilliant star in the heroic spectrum of the Chinese nation, although I feel a little strange.
However, the "History of Jin" is included in the "Twenty-Four Histories" by the zhengshi, that is to say, this is a regular dynasty recognized by the Chinese nation, then, the completion of the Yan Ah Bone is naturally also a hero of the Chinese nation, brothers are on the wall, history is always moving in the continuous forgetting, but the pain of the past is really too tragic.
Completed Yan Akuta, Han name Completed Yan Min, Huining Fu people, that is, the people of present-day Harbin, the founding emperor of the Jin Dynasty, with great ambitions, brave and good at war, led the people from a small tribe bullied by the Liao state, gradually grew, after the establishment of the Jin Dynasty, defeated the Liao state, died on the way back to the division, at the age of 56, the temple name Taizu.
After completing Yan Akuta's life, he actually did two things, one was to establish the country, and the other was to break the Liao, these two things for the Jin Dynasty, can be described as a groundbreaking move, and it is precisely because of these two achievements that the history of the Jurchen clan has been pushed into a new period, and he himself has completed the gorgeous transformation from a small tribal alliance leader to the emperor of the Jin Dynasty.
As a horseback ethnic group, although he did not have the auspicious images of the Han emperors when they were born, he met all the characteristics advocated by that nation, and it is said that he was infinitely powerful in his childhood, of course, this must be an exaggeration, but "becoming a child, that is, good at shooting" should be true.
According to the historical records, after becoming an adult, he can shoot 320 steps away, this may be a bit of a "pull handle", when the Three Kingdoms of Lü Buyuanmen shot, its distance was 150 steps, was shocked into the heavens, and this complete Yan Ah bone doubled, this is not very credible anyway, you know, this is a distance of nearly 400 meters, with human strength is impossible to achieve.
But his archery skills were certainly first-rate. The Liao envoys who controlled them had seen his shenwu, Zhang bowed and shot birds, and three shots in the middle, and called him "Strange Man" in amazement; he was long, majestic, well-behaved, and ambitious, and he had repeatedly accomplished qigong in his conquests with his father, which not only improved his prestige in the clan, but also laid a solid foundation for the future unification of the entire Jurchen tribe.
The Jurchen tribe is divided into two parts, raw and mature, which is an ancient ethnic group that has lived for generations between the white mountains and black waters in the northeast region, living in the cave, living a primitive fishing and hunting life of migrating by water and grass.
However, under the influence of the Liao people's policy of "divide and rule", some Jurchens changed their original way of life and moved to the area of present-day Liaoyang, which already belonged to the Liao, which is the "mature Jurchen"; and the Jurchens who still live in the original place of residence are the "Birth Jurchens", of which the Jurchens are the larger tribes.
Although both are under the control of the Liao state, there is still a difference between the two, at least in name, the mature daughter is really a vassal of the Liao; while the raw daughter is much looser, although it will also pay tribute to the Liao and participate in the conquest launched by the Liao, but after all, it cannot be counted as a Liao.
In the eyes of the Liao people, the birth daughter is really untamed, it belongs to the superficial dependence and the inner wild nature is not destroyed, so their real rule over the birth daughter is even more barbaric, these So-called "silver angels" of the Liao envoys, as soon as they came, they commanded, and even arbitrarily designated unmarried women above the middle level of the tribe to sleep, and the exploitation of the tribe was even bottomless, so the resentment of the whole birth daughter for the Liao people was an eternal pain in the heart.
Among the many plundered items, Beizhu and Haidongqing are the most important, especially Haidongqing, which is a small but strong eagle, only produced in the area of the Jurchen Five Kingdoms City, which is very precious, just like the Song Huizong liked the Taihu Stone, and every year this tribute made the Jurchens miserable and their families were destroyed.
Therefore, the Jurchen people made full use of the Jurchen people's hatred for the Liao, and in the second year after the unification of the Jurchen tribe, they openly rebelled against the Liao, at this time the Liao state seemed to be strong, but the combat strength was low to the point of astonishment, perhaps it was a long time, enjoying the gifts sent by the Great Song Dynasty and the surrounding tribes every year, and the strength was deteriorating, straight like a paper tiger.
At the Battle of Ningjiang Prefecture and the Battle of Chuhedian, Yan Akuta led thousands of Jurchen soldiers to defeat the Liao people who were dozens of times more powerful than himself, and then attacked the Huanglong Province of the Liao State; two years later, when Yan Akuta established the Jin Kingdom, he led more than 10,000 people to defeat the 270,000 crusading troops sent by the Liao State, and what is even more incredible is that the Liao Emperor Tianzuo led 700,000 troops to march in person, and he was also defeated miserably, and he was defeated and defeated.
The most famous is the Battle of Chibi during the Three Kingdoms period, when Sun Liu's coalition army defeated Cao Cao, who claimed to be 800,000, it was also amazing; but if you look at it from the perspective of the comparison of troops, this Yan Ah Bone can defeat the 700,000 Liao army with more than 10,000 people, which is more terrifying than the Battle of Chibi.
After all, the coalition army at that time still had more than 70,000 people, so from this point of view, Zhou Yu's broken Cao cao in front of the finished Yan A bone fight, can only be regarded as a small witch, and it is even more legendary than the later Battle of Salhu in Nurhaci, which shows the courage of the finished Yan A bone fight, although I think there must be a lot of exaggeration.
Four years later, the more powerful Jin people, under the leadership of Guanyan Akuta, captured the capital of the Liao state, Shangjing, and 2 years later, they attacked the central, western, and southern Kyotos of the Liao state one after another, and the remaining handful of people of the Liao state could only flee all the way to the west, and finally under the leadership of Yelü Dashi, they barely gained a foothold in the far west, and the originally huge and mighty Liao Empire had since existed in name only and had no hope of turning over.
He was brilliant and fierce, brilliant in wisdom, brave and resolute, and sharp in his thinking, but after jointly attacking Yanjing with the Song army, he suddenly fell ill when Banshi returned to the original Liao kingdom of Shangjing, and fell ill, and finally died, and suddenly died in his prime, and the whole Jin kingdom lamented one by one.
Completed Yan Akuta is a veritable founding prince of the Jin Dynasty, he is not only flexible and mobile in the conquest, good at using all available forces to unite all those who can serve him, for example, in the relationship with the Great Song Dynasty, with Yanyun Sixteen Prefectures as an inducement, to establish an "alliance on the sea" and jointly attack the Liao people, which also shows the superb diplomatic ability of Guanyan Akuta.
In terms of internal management, he changed the original backward system, established the lofty status of imperial power, reformed the central ruling organs, and according to the actual situation, changed the old form of fishing and hunting, fully reclaimed the land, took agriculture as the foundation of the country, forced farmers to accumulate millet, and developed production.
Militarily, he adapted the old tribal militaryly scattered system, and managed the army under the "Meng'an Mouke" system, that is, three hundred households were one Mou ke, and ten Mou Ke formed one Meng'an, and set up centurions and centurions, based on the "Shiwu system", to form mobile and flexible combat detachments, which greatly enhanced military combat strength.
Meng'an Muke is not only a military establishment, but also a local administrative organization, which is a unique system of military and civilian integration, in the Song Dynasty, there was a saying that "Jurchen is dissatisfied with ten thousand, full of ten thousand invincible", which played an important role in the war to destroy the Liao and attack the Song, and was also the predecessor of the military system of the Eight Banners of the Manchu Qing Dynasty in later generations.
The impression of Yan Ah Kuan was a martial artist, but in fact, although he had been a warrior all his life, he was extremely wise and attached great importance to culture, and he had issued an edict to visit the cultural celebrities who had conquered the city at that time and use various means to get them back and use them, he reused Han intellectuals, and strictly ordered that all the books in the inner government should be collected, including ritual music, ceremonial guards, and so on.
The most famous thing is that he decreed the creation of the Jurchen script and promulgated it throughout the country, which is called the "Jurchen Character" according to the Chinese zhengyi script, which shows that the Jurchen people are not blindly absorbing the essence of Han culture, and he is also trying to maintain the unique cultural genes of his own nation, but in any case, these measures have greatly accelerated the pace of the Jurchen nation's march toward civilization.
Speaking of yan's many measures to create the Jin dynasty, outside, he went around conquest, attacked the city strategically, won a lot, and finally directly defeated the Liao people and almost destroyed the country; internally, he attached importance to cultural construction, paid attention to economic development, and made outstanding contributions to promoting the development of the northeast region and the progress of his own nation.
In the historical process of the Jin Dynasty, the contribution of Yan Akuta to the Jin Dynasty can be said to be no one who can match it, and in this regard, the "History of Jin" also fully affirmed it, saying: "Taizu has counted no exhaustive strategies in several years, the soldiers have not stayed, and the great cause has been determined, and the descendants have been passed on." Whoops, whoops! ”
When I used to read history, I was always confused by the question of whether the Jurchens who completed the Yan Akuta and the Manchus in Nurhaci were the same thing, because Nurhaci also called himself Jurchen, and the predecessor of the Qing Dynasty was the Later Jin Regime, also known as the Great Jin Khanate, from this point of view, the Later Jin and the Jin were a kind of inheritance relationship.
Detailing this history, since the Jin Dynasty was crushed by the Yuan and Song people, it retreated to its hometown in Kwantung, and since then it has been put to rest, honestly accepting the control of the Yuan people and later the Ming Dynasty, and later after the Emperor Taiji ascended to the throne, first, because the ancestors had been bullied for a long time, they were very unhappy, and second, they often plundered from the south, in order to avoid the hatred of the Jin people during the Song Dynasty by the Han people, they changed the Jin to Manchu, and changed the name of the "Jurchen" clan to "Manchuria", which was really a self-deceptive act of covering up the ears and stealing bells.
The Ten Zhangs Monument is leaning on the air, and the wind and clouds still remember the Lower Liaodong;
Century of meritorious service to the Qin Emperor, a generation of articles Tai Shi Gong;
Stone broken clouds scales after autumn rain, moss sealed ao back in the sunset;
Pedestrians immediately felt sorry for themselves, and the people left the Forbidden City.
This is an epic poem by the great master of the Yuan Dynasty, Di Xian, and it is an extraordinary life poem of the song and the end of Yan A bone, the whole poem is full of the sad feelings of the absence of the wind and currents of that year, full of miserable wind and rain, under the wind and clouds in Liaodong, it is the glory of the completion of Yan A bone to build the country and destroy the Liao; the autumn rain is empty, it is the regret of the completion of Yan A bone's ambition, especially the sigh of his sudden death in his prime.
After the death of Yan Aku, all the dynasties attributed to him after he attacked the Liao kingdom, he captured a large number of Liao beauties on the way back to the division and died indulgently, such as Zhu Xi, a song dynasty master of science shortly after his death, who said: "Ah Bone first broke the Liao state, and was brave and invincible." and went down to the Liao, swept his children north, wantonly seduced, and died before reaching his country. ”
The information revealed in Zhu Xi's words was actually very clear, and yan Ah Bone had achieved unimaginable results in the two directions of destroying the Liao and attacking the Song Dynasty, and the Liao Empire that had been oppressed on his head had been destroyed, and he had also obtained the "old tribute" transferred from the Great Song Dynasty, and had also obtained most of the land in Yanyun Sixteen, which made him in a dream of extreme pride.
Watching the former qiangkou creeping at his feet, looking at the many concubines of the Liao court and thousands of gorgeous women, waiting for himself to decide their fate with heavy makeup, Yan Ah Bone instantly lost himself, he began to indulge in this gentle countryside and could not extricate himself, enjoying this passionate life that had never been experienced in the white mountains and black waters.
According to historical records, after conquering Liaojing, tens of thousands of women of the Liao court and the female relatives of officials and eunuchs were plundered, and Yan Ah Bone selected two thousand beautiful women for himself, and the rest were divided up by generals at all levels.
Coupled with the fact that those Liao courtiers who surrendered did their best to flatter, this hero was eventually exhausted in arrogance and lasciviousness, and the oil lamp was extinguished, and he fell in the gentle countryside, no longer able to get on the horse and swing the sword, and realize his dream of dominating the world.
A generation of heroes came to an end, he did not fall on the battlefield of Jinge Iron Horse, killing the heavens, did not lose and blood, rich and strong labor, but closed his eyes in the arms of Mei Ji Jiaowa, like a galloping horse in the prime of his life, suddenly stopped his steps, the sky, the Cai Xia that was waiting for him to hug, also gradually dimmed with his departure...