Cover news reporter Wang Guoping
After the deaths of Deng Shichang and Deng's mother Guo, the Qing court repeatedly honored them. But for the Deng family, the bustle outside is difficult to resist the desolation of the home.
"After the martyrdom of the prince, his wife, whom we called the wife, took a small oil lamp, went upstairs and downstairs, and called out to my grandfather's name." The details of this past handed down from home have made Deng Liying unforgettable.
Deng Liying, 86, is the great-granddaughter of Deng Shichang.
In the process of searching for the past of the Deng Shichang family, the cover reporter also found the descendant of Deng Shichang's second daughter Deng Xiuchan, Deng Shichang's grandson Ye Weili, and through Ye Weili for the first time found the situation of Deng Shichang's fifth daughter, which is another latest discovery about the past of the Deng Shichang family.
It can be said that The past events of Deng Shichang and the Deng family are hidden in the family traditions of these descendants.
Deng Shichang's grandson, Ye Weili, took a photo at the exhibition of water relics salvaged by this year's Zhiyuan ship. Ye Weili is a descendant of Deng Shichang's second daughter, Deng Xiuchan, and the Ye family has preserved many family traditions about Deng Shichang.
The home is bleak: the wife calls out his name with a small oil lamp
Although after the deaths of Deng Shichang and Deng Mu Guo, the Qing court repeatedly honored them. But after losing the main heart, the Deng family also began to disperse.
Deng Shichang's father and grandfather both died during the Sino-French War 10 years before the Sino-Japanese War, and Deng Shichang was unable to return home for mourning in the military emergency, and for many years afterwards, he "tasted the hand and did not filial piety, etc., and regretted that loyalty and filial piety were not overcome."
After Deng Shichang was martyred, in addition to his old mother Guo, there were also a wife, a concubine, two sons, and a widow.
Mrs. He, the wife of the original wife, died in Shanghai in 1922.
"After the martyrdom of the Prince, his wife, whom we called The Wife, took a small oil lamp and walked upstairs and downstairs. At that time, the place where we lived in Hongkou was quite large, and she walked around the house, calling out the name of my grandfather, and the scene at home was relatively desolate. The details of this past passed down from home have made Deng Liying unforgettable.
At that time, He Shi also asked someone to paint a portrait of Deng Shichang, and incense candles were offered in the morning and evening.
When Deng Shichang died, the eldest son, Deng Haohong, was 20 years old. According to a sentence mentioned in the "Declaration" report at the time of the death of Deng Mother Guo, Guo's "Wensun character praises friends", speculating that "Zan Peng" should be Deng Haohong's character.
Deng Haohong's experience was rarely circulated in the Deng family. According to the "Naval Chronicle" compiled by Chi Zhongyou in the first year of the Republic of China, Deng Haohong inherited the navy position and "submitted to the Guangdong marine division to raise the standard."
Although he inherited his father's profession, Deng Haohong did not serve permanently in the Navy. Deng Liying said that in the early years of the Republic of China, his grandfather Deng Haohong began to run his own tea house and make a living for himself, "running at both ends of Tianjin and Shanghai."
According to the Deng family tradition, after the Xinhai Revolution, Deng Haohong donated money and materials to the National Revolutionary Army on many occasions.
In 1947, Deng Haohong died in Shanghai at the age of 73.
The second son, Deng Haoyang, the family tradition of the Deng family has died early without growing up, but the specific time is unknown. After the death of Deng Shiguo, several reports in the Declaration did not mention "Haoyang", speculating that it was very likely that guo's mother died before her death after Deng Shichang's death.
The third son, Deng Haoqian, was the widow of Deng Shichang's concubine, and according to the Deng family, he was born in 1895, the second year of Deng Shichang's martyrdom.
According to the "Lamentations" issued by the Deng family in the "Record of Mourning", which is equivalent to the current obituary, and finally signed "Thorn Man Deng Haohong, Haoxiang, Haoqian", Deng Shichang had already given the third son a good name before his death.
After Deng Shichang's death, where the concubines went with their widows and whether they were still living with their families in Shanghai, Deng Liying said: "Then I don't know at all."
The only thing deng Haoqian knows for sure is that when he grew up, he served in the Admiralty of the Republic of China.
According to Chen Hongyi's "Memoirs of the Xinhai Revolution", after the Xinhai Revolution, "the Nanjing Provisional Government was established, with Huang Zhongying as the chief of the navy... On the day of the establishment of the government, the son of the former admiral of the navy, Deng Shichang, was sent to the ship to offer condolences, which was called the first merit of the Guangfu Navy. ”
This person is Deng Haoqian, but his appointment in the Admiralty is more of a symbolic significance.
According to the July 1920 Naval Department Staff Record of the Republic of China edited by Yang Zhiben, Deng Haoqian was a member of the compilation section, nicknamed "Jianming". However, according to this material, Deng Haoqian's date of birth is marked as "1894", but according to Deng Haoqian's adopted daughter Deng Xiaosi in September 2014, in an interview with Wuxi media, he said: "My father Deng Haoqian was a widow, and he had just turned 100 days when his grandfather Deng Shichang was martyred. ”
In the March 1922 staff record, Deng Haoqian's position was still that of a compilation section member.
In the September 1936 Staff Directory of the Admiralty, Deng Haoqian's position was changed to Quan Xuke Section Officer, with the rank of "Captain". Quan Xu section is mainly responsible for personnel work.
Later, in the records of the two batches of Admiralty staff in March 1943 and May 1947, Deng Haoqian's name was not found.
In his later years, Deng Haoqian did not live in Shanghai but retired to Wuxi, where he lived until his death in 1969 at the age of 74. Deng Haoqian, who had no children in her life, only deng Xiaosi, an adopted daughter, died in Wuxi on November 21, 2014, three months after the 120th anniversary of the Battle of Jiawu, at the age of 88.
In the 1980s, Deng Liying and his aunt Deng Xiaosi wrote through letters, but later broke off contact.
Wife: Married to the General Office of China Merchants Bureau
Before Deng Shichang's death, he arranged at least two important marriages for his children.
According to Deng Liying, Grandpa Deng Haohong's wife, Chen Shi, came from a large family in Guangdong. Marrying into the Deng family was once with a dowry maid.
But for the family lineage of grandma Chen's family, Deng Liying is not very clear.
However, in the "Record of Mourning", a person named "Chen You" wrote a note:
Twenty years after the dawn of the Ming Dynasty, the Chest Luo Arsenal turned the tide of the tide, and when it drummed up the enemy ships, it was determined to be ordered to become a ren, and there were Si people on the battlefield, and the foot was long enough for the navy;
Meritorious service for thousands of years, do not know the Wang Ling Heir Xian Lu Kang, that is, the present light of the history of the Yaomen Lintel, nagging in the township Lu marriage, Jiangdong no Qingbi, endure to listen to the sad song of Artemisia.
Chen You's lian, included in the Deng family biography "Record of Mourning".
In this painting, it is written that "忝寵 is married in the township", which means 忝列, which refers to the same township, and the marriage refers to the marriage or relatives who have a marriage relationship.
The meaning of this sentence is that "Chen You" and Deng Shichang are both fellow countrymen and in-laws.
Chen You, Zi Hui Ting, Guangdong Xinhui people. The two have many similarities, such as being born in 1849 and both studied at the English Academy in Hong Kong as teenagers.
According to the scholar Chen Xiaoping, Chen You joined the China Merchants Bureau in 1872 and has been serving as a senior executive of the business director, the general manager, the director, the association office, the general office, etc., presiding over the core business, which is consistent with the first 40 years of the China Merchants Bureau.
Chen Xiaoping also noticed Chen You's statement about his special relationship with Deng Shichang in the "Record of Mourning", but he did not know how the two families would marry.
From the information revealed in the interview with Deng Liying, it can be inferred that Deng Shichang's eldest son, Deng Haohong, married the daughter of his fellow villager Chen You. With the Chen family lineage, it is also normal for a married woman to bring a dowry maid.
Chen Xiaoping also verified that Chen You has long been responsible for the business of the Shanghai Merchants Bureau, and the Xiangfayuan number opened by the Deng family in Shanghai and other places is a collection bank, and there is a large amount of information on business transactions with Xiangfayuan in the archives of the China Merchants Bureau. After the collapse of Tongfu Foreign Firm in 1878, Deng Shichang's father no longer served as a comprador of foreign firms, but relied on his special relationship with the China Merchants Bureau to do customs brokerage and business.
According to a descendant of the Grandson of the Deng family, Deng Haohong also "worked in the Tianjin Customs Declaration Bank."
But Deng Haohong would not marry Chen Huiting's eldest daughter. Because according to the recollection of Yong Dingchen, the son of Yong Jianqiu, the "comprador": "In 1898 (Yong Jianqiu) returned to Shanghai to complete the marriage. My mother was the eldest daughter of Chen Huiting, who was then the general office (or office) of the China Merchants Bureau. ”
At the same time, Deng Haohong and Chen Must have been decided by Deng Shichang before his death, because Deng Haohong was 20 years old when Deng Shichang died. In 1898, at the age of 24, he had a son, Deng Xiaopeng.
Deng Xiaopeng also recalled before his death: "My mother only saw him (Deng Shichang) two or three times. ”
In addition, Deng Liying said that Chen died of high blood pressure during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and was only in his sixties when he died." ”
From this, it can be inferred that Chen Shichang was about 12 years old when he died.
Deng Liying said that at that time, several of Chen's brothers were also in Shanghai, "Our name is Uncle Gong, and before the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, we all had contacts with our family." ”
Married daughter: The family is a classmate of shipping administration
Another marriage of the Deng family was to marry a daughter.
Deng Shichang's second daughter, Deng Xiucia, married Ye Shuzhou, the eldest son of Deng Shichang's classmate Ye Fu in the shipping administration, which was also the only marriage between the Beiyang Water Division and the Nanyang Water Division.
Ye Fu was the third independent belt belt trained by the ship administration, but unfortunately died young, and was killed in battle during a bandit suppression in September 1881, at the age of 32.
Ye Fu was already a Capital Division (正四品) when he was in charge of the Super Wu Ship in the Nanyang Admiralty, and he was rewarded with Blue Plume. After the death of the war, the Qing court issued an edict to give the guerrilla title (from Sanpin) and ordered it to be given a favor.
(For related reports, see "Deng Shichang's Pro-Family Ye Fu: The First Captain Sacrificed by China's Modern Fleet" http://www.thecover.cn/news/167959)
After being a classmate of Chuanzheng, Deng Shichang was not good at sociable, but he befriended Ye Fu.
According to a letter written to his son Ye Zhaolin by Ye Fu's grandson and Deng Shichang's grandson Ye Yufang, the two became related because they were like-minded.
During the public sacrifice of Deng Shichang, Ye Fu's eldest son Ye Shuzhou also participated, and now the "Record of Mourning" also contains a picture of his elegy:
Yang Yide is in the high mountains, and is prepared to carry grace and righteousness as deep as half a son;
Hanging loyal soul in haiyue, surprisingly xun shifang name should have a song qianqiu.
The Deng family biography "The Record of Mourning" contains Ye Shuzhou's Bang Lian. Ye said Zhou, formerly known as Ye Zhenxiong, the characters Jinying and Jingqi.
In the link, "ready to carry" should be more than just a polite phrase.
When Ye Fu died, Ye said that Zhou was only 5 years old. Deng Shichang should have received help from the Ye family and helped Ye Shuzhou.
When Deng Shichang was martyred, Ye said that Zhou was 19 years old and Deng Xiuchan was 18 years old.
The "half son" of "alone as deep as half a son" in the bang is the meaning of son-in-law. This shows that before Deng Shichang's death, the two families of Deng Ye had already married.
There are two possibilities for this marriage, one is that Ye and Deng have already set doll kisses for their children before they were born. Another possibility is that after Ye Fu's sacrifice, Deng Shichang gave his second daughter Xu to the Ye family.
Ye said that Zhou and Deng Xiuchan had one son and two daughters, both born in Shanghai, the eldest daughter Ye Ailan (1896-1978), the second daughter Ye Sulan (1898-1985), and the eldest son Ye Yufang (1901-1987).
Ye Shuzhou, who practiced "carrying water" in his life and navigated ships in and around the mouth of the Yangtze River, died in Shanghai in 1946.
Deng Xiuchan died in 1949.
Deng Xiuchan had more contacts with her father, and the Ye family also spread a lot of stories about Deng Shichang.
According to an interview with Ye Sulan and Ye Yufang by Weihai scholar Mr. Liu Deyu in 1978, Deng Shichang once brought his wife He Shi and Deng Xiuchan to Live in Weihai. He also led them to Yantai to visit Zhangyu Company, so that later Deng Xiuchan often chanted "Yantai wine is good".
After an interview in the fall of 1978, Liu Deyu took a group photo of Ye Yufang (first from right) and Ye Sulan.
Ye Yufang had two sons, the eldest son Ye Zhaolin was born in 1932, and the second son, Ye Zhaotai, died of jaundice after giving birth.
Ye Zhaolin had two sons, the eldest son, Ye Xinli (born in 1960), and the second son, Ye Weili (born in 1961). They were Deng Shichang's grandsons.
Ye Weili told the cover news reporter that the Ye family had preserved a set of photos of Deng Shichang, but burned them when they were "broken four olds", but the photos of Deng Shichang's original wife He Shichang were preserved. In 1963, it was donated by his father to the Museum of Chinese History.
The Ye family's only photograph of Deng Shichang's original wife, He Shichang.
In addition, Liu Deyu recorded in his notes that at that time, he saw a couplet of Deng Shichang's handwritten letters in the Ye family and copied the text. But where this couplet is now is unknown.
Today, the Ye family has preserved several pieces of clothing worn by their ancestors.
One of them is a nizi coat, which Sun Jianjun, a scholar of jiawu history, said after reading it that it was a typical clothing of rich people in the 1920s and 1930s.
There is also a piece of women's clothing, the color is plain, but the workmanship is exquisite. Ye Weili said: "There are sayings in the family that this dress may have belonged to great-grandmother Deng Xiuchan. ”
In this regard, Sun Jianjun said: "It is presumed that there is no problem with Deng Xiuchan, this piece has no pattern ornaments, and his daughter's young clothes will not be decorated." At that time, the old man in the Ye family was also Deng Xiuchan. ”
The clothes of Deng Xiuchan, the second daughter of Deng Shichang, were kept in Ye Weili's home.
Fifth daughter Deng Xiujuan: Married to a Shanghai policeman
In addition to the second daughter, Deng Xiuchan, Deng Shichang also has four daughters.
At present, the usual ranking of the outside world is the eldest daughter Deng Xiuyuan, the third daughter Deng Xiujuan, the fourth daughter Deng Xiuting, and the fifth daughter Deng Xiuhai.
However, Ye Weili gave a different answer from the history of the family, and Deng Shichang's fifth daughter should be called Deng Xiujuan.
According to Ye Weili, after the marriage of Deng Ye and the two families, Deng Xiuchan and Ye Shuzhou settled in Shanghai.
Around 1930, because he was going to work at The Green City Pacific Foreign Firm, Ye Yufang, the son of Deng Xiuchan, came to Qingdao and gave birth to a son, Ye Zhaolin, in Qingdao. In 1939, Ye Yufang returned to Shanghai again, and did not leave until the 1950s.
During his time in Shanghai, the Ye family and Deng Shichang's descendants had more contacts, including Deng Xiujuan's family.
"When my father Ye Zhaolin was young, he returned to Shanghai from Qingdao and lived temporarily at Deng Xiujuan's house." Ye Weili said that his father repeatedly told him about this experience, "My father's name is Deng Xiujuan's fifth aunt, and he is very sure of this." ”
In addition, the Ye family also provided more information about Deng Xiujuan's family.
Deng Xiujuan's husband, surnamed Tao, worked in the Shanghai police station before the founding of New China, "My father called him the fifth aunt. Ye Weili said, "Deng Tao and his wife have two sons and a daughter, the eldest son is called Tao Yutian, who is one or two years older than my father; the second son is called Tao Yuting, the same age as my father; and the younger daughter is called Tao Yubing, who is one year younger than my father."
Although there is a generation difference in generations, but peers can play together, so Ye Zhaolin has a very deep memory of this, and still recalls some scenes of that year with Ye Weili.
At that time, Deng Xiujuan's family lived in Dielai New Village, Nanjing West Road, Shanghai. After Ye Zhaolin returned to Shanghai with his father, he lived with his grandmother Deng Xiuchan and grandfather Ye Shuzhou at No. 32 Yugu Village on Nanjing West Road.
The only group photo of three generations preserved by the Ye family. Deng Shichang's grandson and Ye Fu's grandson Ye Yufang (back row middle), Deng Shichang's great-grandson and Ye Fu's great-grandson Ye Zhaolin (back row first from right) and his wife Zhang Xiangyun (back row left), Deng Shichang's grandson and Ye Fu's grandson Ye Xinli (front row right) and Ye Weili (front row left).
At that time, Yugu Village and Dielai New Village were two newly built communities near the same street, and now Yugu Village is still there, and the Ye family's house is still there.
At that time, Ye Weili's father was studying at Peicheng Primary School in Shanghai, and he was in the same grade as Deng Xiujuan's daughter Tao Yubing.
"My father said that when Deng Haohong was alive, he often came to see his sisters Deng Xiuchan and Deng Xiujuan." Ye Weili said, "After Deng Haohong's death, in 1948, my father was in middle school, and Deng Liying accompanied her father Deng Xiaopeng to Visit Deng Xiujuan and Deng Xiuchan at No. 32 Dielai New Village and Yugu Village. ”
Later, the times were turbulent, and the Ye family and Deng Xiujuan had less contact. According to Ye Weili, Deng Xiujuan's family probably moved to Xiafei Road in Shanghai. In 1955, Ye Yufang moved from Yugu Village in Shanghai to No. 11, Anhui Road, Shinan District, Qingdao, while Ye Zhaolin went to Beijing to work, and the two families gradually broke off contact.
News about Deng Shichang's eldest daughter, third daughter and fourth daughter has not yet been found.
Ye Weili said: "There is no news of the three of them in our family. Looking for the descendants of the Deng family will be the main job of the second half of my life. ”
The cover news reporter found a record in Mr. Liu Deyu's 1978 search notes for the Ye family that these five girls were born to Deng Shichang's original partner, He Shichang.
In this regard, Ye Weili also said: "Our family legend that the five daughters are indeed born of the He family, this should be a statement handed down by Deng Xiuchan, it will not be wrong. ”
Notes on an interview with Mr. Liu Deyu in 1978.
Mr. Liu Deyu, who passed away in 2013, was one of the first scholars to search for the descendants of Jia Wu after the founding of the People's Republic of China. Mr. Qi Qizhang, another great historian of Jia Wu and who had also searched for the descendants of Jia Wu, died in 2012 the year before.
Among the first group of searchers that year was Mr. Qi Junjie, the founder of the Sino-Japanese War Museum, who is now 68 years old.
In September this year, the Sino-Japanese War Museum and the cover news - West China Metropolis Daily established the "Research Center for Oral History of Modern Chinese Navy", which is to continue the spirit of the predecessors and make this 40-year search work more in-depth, which is also the best tribute to the predecessors.