Three Kingdoms Little People Chronicle 0012: The world's forgotten super think tank - frustrated
The author of this article is the depths of dusk, and the editor-in-chief is Sasha, if reprinted, please be sure to indicate
【Sasha Lecture Hall No. 1528】 (Lecture 750 of the Historical Series)
Frustrated, he was a strategist in Yuan Shao's camp during the Three Kingdoms period. According to historical records, he once supervised the internal and external armies of Yuan Shao and Wei Zhen, and formulated a strategic development plan for the entire Yuan Shao clique. It was also under the implementation of his strategic plan that Yuan Shao was able to start with Jizhou as the foundation, gradually seize Qingzhou, Hezhou, Youzhou and other places, and then conquer and unify the entire territory of Hebei...
However, after the entire group's career reached its peak, Yuan Shao gradually became suspicious of frustrated grants, seized his military power several times, and ignored his suggestions... In the end, Yuan Shao's clique was burned in the Battle of Guandu and defeated by Cao Cao's men. Frustrated, who was too late to escape, was also captured by Cao Cao. Later, because of his refusal to surrender and his unsuccessful escape from prison, he was beheaded and executed by Cao Cao...
In the mouths of later generations, they are often given a high evaluation of frustration. He felt that he was not only resourceful and calculating, but also loyal from beginning to end. In particular, the development plan he set for Yuan Shao Group in his early years: sitting in Jizhou County, sweeping the Yellow Turban in the east, attacking the Black Mountain, Breaking Zhang Yan in Changshan, Going North to Ping Gongsun, Welcoming Tianzi with Zhengming, North of the Hengda River, Combining the Land of Four Prefectures, Collecting Heroes, and Embracing Millions of People...
This set of bullish strategic plans can be regarded as the "Hebei version" of "Longzhong pair". It can be seen that his far-reaching strategic vision, accurate grasp of the general trend of the world, and the high level of strategy and strategy are by no means under the later famous Zhuge Liang...
Some people even imagined that if Frustrated Zhi could escape the fate of being captured in the Battle of Guandu, or successfully escape from prison and return to the Hebei territory. It is inevitable that a few years later, when Yuan Shao died of illness, he would become a minister of trust... At that time, the Yuan family brothers, who were assisted by Frustrated Zhi, were likely to resist Cao Cao's northward offensive and form a long-term confrontation. Even if it goes on, it will affect the trend of history in the future...
I think we should still open the records of the history books to take a good look at this figure and see the real deeds he left behind in history. Analyze whether his position in Yuan Shao's clique is really similar to Zhuge Liang under Liu Bei, as some people think...
Chen Shou's Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms does not contain an independent biography of frustration. This is probably due to his early death, which was classified as a figure in the "late Han Dynasty" rather than a figure in the "Three Kingdoms Era". Moreover, he himself did not belong to the three camps of Wei Shu and Wu, so it was understandable that he was ignored by Chen Shou.
We can roughly restore the trajectory of Frustrated's life through the mentions in the Book of later Han, Wei Luo, and other biographies of other characters in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms.
In the Book of Later Han, the Book of The Dedication of the Emperor mentions frustrated early years. Originally from Guangping County, Jizhou, he has shown his qualifications such as intelligence and talent since he was a child. After raising Maocai, he embarked on his own career and successively served as the county commander of two counties at the border of Jizhou.
After Han Fu was awarded the title of "Jizhou Pastor", he also admired the talent of frustrated and promoted him to his "other driver", which was equivalent to the position of chief secretary adviser, and also worshiped the lieutenant of the knight.
(The Book of the Emperor Xiandi records: Frustrated, Guangping people, few great ambitions, more power and strategy.) Shizhou Don't Drive, Ju Maocai, Li ErXian Order, and Han Fu Don't Drive, Cousin Riding Lieutenant)
From this, it can be seen that the career experience of Frustrated Zhi is different from that of Tian Feng, another "great sage" under Yuan Shao. He did not have the experience of being an official in the imperial court, but he had always been a native official from Jizhou and was a native official. Moreover, the Frustrated Family, where he was located, could be regarded as one of the well-known large families in the Hebei territory, and the influence it could exert in local affairs was not small.
That is to say, if it is in the Taiping Dynasty, then Frustrated Zhi relies on his own talents and the influence of his family in Jizhou territory, and will definitely prosper in the future. Although it is not necessarily possible to rank in the third duke, or to become a feudal official such as the pastor of the state and the history of thorns, it is still completely possible to accumulate political achievements, slowly climb up, and finally reach the grade of county shou and tai shou...
However, the frustration coincided with the chaotic world, which meant that his career process would not be as stable as we have just said. Because a person with outstanding talent like him will certainly not be silently willing to mediocre in this turbulent world of the crowd. Instead, they will participate in some important historical events and compose their own stories in the history books.
The first historical turning point experienced by Frustrated Zhi was Yuan Shao's plot against Jizhou.
The point we need to clarify here is that Yuan Shao's starting point at the beginning is actually not as high as most people think. Although his origin was indeed the Yuan clan of the Nanyang family of the fourth and third dukes, because he was born to a concubine, he did not have the right to inherit the family assets and territory (the inheritance rights were in the hands of his brother Yuan Shu).
But on the other hand, Yuan Shao is talented and ambitious, and he is not willing to be a supporting role in the Yuan family's "side". If he wants to achieve hegemony and dominate in the chaotic world, he must start another stove and find a way to get a piece of land from other places as his foundation, so that he can have the capital to chase deer in the chaotic world.
Therefore, Yuan Shao aimed at his immediate superior, the highest official in the Jizhou territory, Jizhou Mu Hanfu.
What needs to be explained here is that Yuan Shao was originally an official in the imperial court, holding the position of a lieutenant at the Xiyuan Military Academy, and had previously followed the general He Jin and participated in the action against the eunuchs. Later, the eunuch attacked and killed He Jin, which caught Yuan Shao and others off guard, and although they entered the palace and killed the castration clique, they lost control of the situation after Dong Zhuo entered Beijing...
After several times of open fighting methods at the imperial court and mediation with secret military forces, Yuan Shao was unable to gain any advantage in the struggle with Dong Zhuo. On the contrary, the military power of the West Garden Army was gradually taken by Dong Zhuo... Yuan Shao disobeyed Dong Zhuo, but he also knew that in this part of the capital, he had no military backing and could not do Dong Zhuo. So he fled from Luoyang alone, ran to the border of Jizhou, and under Dong Zhuo's "appointment", became the Taishou of Bohai County under the rule of Jizhou...
Of course, the reason why Dong Zhuo did this was only to take an official position to appease Yuan Shao. Imagine how yuan shao, such an arrogant and arrogant person, could be satisfied with bohai, such a small border county? As soon as he arrived in Bohai, he began to work hard to make friends with people inside and outside Jizhou, and together with his younger brother Yuan Shu, he called on the princes of the world to launch a campaign against Dong, and he himself was pushed to be the leader of the Kwantung Alliance, and his reputation was suddenly overwhelmed.
On the other hand, Yuan Shao did not personally lead his troops to the west, but began to play various means, focusing on the land of Jizhou, which was known as the "heavy capital of the world". He knew that although Jizhou Mu Hanfu was nominally his superior. But this man is mediocre, short-sighted, and basically a ruler. Moreover, after Dong Zhuo entered Beijing, he came from the capital to the local government under his recommendation, and his foundation in Jizhou was not deep...
Not only that, Han Fu also had one of the biggest weaknesses, that is, his ear roots were too soft. And the mind is extremely unsteady, the timidity is as small as a mouse, and it cannot withstand any fright... Therefore, Yuan Shao took this as a breakthrough and played a "false road cutting" with Gongsun Zhan, scaring Han Fu, who was worried about his military ability, to death.
Then, Yuan Shao used his network of contacts in Jizhou to have Guo Tu, Xun Quan, Gao Gan, and others take turns to persuade Han Fu and create a more tense pre-war atmosphere. In the end, Han Fu was subdued and took the initiative to give way to Yuan Shao, the military and political power of Jizhou. Let Yuan Shaolai, as the leader of Jizhou, lead everyone to resist the iron hooves of Gongsun Zhan's army...
These tricks of Yuan Shao were naturally unable to conceal such a strategist. He almost immediately saw through Yuan Shao's ruse, and together with Shi Gengwu, the governor of Jizhou, Min Chun, and others, he advised Han Fu: "Although Jizhou's territory is not very large, it has a large population, millions of people can be used, and there is no shortage of grain and grass, where do you need to be afraid of a Gongsun Zhan who came from afar?"
As for Yuan Shao, although he was famous, he was an outsider in the territory of Jizhou, with few troops and a shortage of food. As long as his supply of food and grass is cut off, he is not afraid that he will dare to do anything... But we want to turn against the Lord and take the initiative to give him the territory of Jizhou, isn't it stupid?
(The Book of later Han records that Fu Chang Shi Geng Wu, Bei Qi Min Chun, and Riding Du Wei Were frustrated and advised: "Although JiZhou is despised, it has a million armor and ten years of Gu Zhi.") Yuan Shao was a lonely and poor soldier, leaning on my nose, like a baby on the palm of his hand, absolutely breastfeeding, and immediately starving and killing. Why do you want to take the state with it? Fu Yue: "The former official of the Wuyi clan, and he is not as good as the original." What is the disease of the kings? ”）
It can be seen that frustrated in political vision is indeed very old-fashioned. In just a few words, he almost broke the sky in one word, and it can also be said that he hit the key point of Yuan Shao's plan.
As long as Han Fu was able to be mentally firm, even if it was a little bit, and follow the advice made by Frustrated Zhi, he could easily survive this crisis and easily squeeze Yuan Shao to death in his swaddling...
However, Han Fu, who was completely frightened, still did not adopt the advice of Frustrated Zhi and others... He hurriedly ceded the military and political power of Jizhou to Yuan Shao, and was soon taken revenge by the latter and used various means to clean up. In the end, he fled to Chen Liu, Zhang Mi's territory, or was frightened and persecuted, and committed suicide and died...
From then on, Jizhou truly belonged to Yuan Shao, and what would he do with the frustration that had previously been planned against him and had a hindrance effect?
According to historical records, Yuan Shao, instead of adding guilt to frustrated, gave frustrated promotions a salary increase and promoted him to his own "engagement", equivalent to chief strategist. Moreover, he also laid down his body and confessed his hegemonic plan to Frustrated Zhi, hoping that Frustrated Zhi could do his best to assist him and create a great cause of peace and stability...
(The Book of later Han records that Shao Sui led Ji Prefecture Mu and undertook Fu as a general of Fenwei, but had no generals.) He was given the title of "Now that the thieves are in turmoil, the imperial court is moving, I have been favored throughout the ages, and I am determined to do my best to restore the Han Dynasty." However, Qi Huan cannot become a hegemon without Yi Wu, and there is no way to survive the country without Practicing Fan Li. Now that we want to work with Qing Qing in the same heart, how will we be able to help each other? ”）
Discouragement is certainly not someone who does not know how to lift. In front of Yuan Shao's corporal Li Xian, he also opened his heart and presented Yuan Shao with the strategic concept of the deafening and deafening period: first sweep away the Yellow Turban rebellion, then break the enemy of Montenegro, Changshan killed Zhang Yan, Youzhou pacified Gongsun, from then on the four northern states can be determined, there is no worries, the whole army goes south, then the world can be expected...
There is no doubt that this clear and clever strategic plan completely points out the direction of development after Yuan Shao. In the following years, Yuan Shao's clique did make rapid progress, and soon overwhelmed the once powerful northern overlord Gongsun Zhan, trapping it in the small fortress of Yijing in Youzhou.
(The Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms records that when a general is weak and crowned to ascend to the throne, he is named Hainei; when he is deposed, he is loyal and righteous; when he rides out alone, Dong Zhuo is terrified; and when he goes north of the Jihe River, he is the head of the Bohai Sea.") The pawn of Zhenyi County, the multitude of Jizhou, Weizhen Heshuo, the name of the world. Although the Yellow Turban is in chaos, montenegro is in turmoil, and the army is moving eastward, then Qingzhou can be determined; if the Black Mountain is returned, Zhang Yan can be destroyed; if the people return to the north, gongsun will be lost; if the Xiongnu are shocked, the Xiongnu will obey. North of the Hengda River, the land of the four states, the collection of heroes, the millions of people, the welcome of the big driver in Xijing, the Temple of Fuzong in Luoyi, the command of the world, in order to seek revenge, in order to fight for the front, who can be the enemy? Compared with a few years, this work is not difficult. Shao Xi said, "This is my heart." 'i.e., as a supervising general, a general of Fenwu)
It can be said that these few years of time are also the honeymoon period between Frustrated Zhi and Yuan Shao. Yuan Shao showed to the greatest extent during these days that he was a corporal of limelight. He unconditionally implemented the correct strategic plan that had been laid down before the discouragement, and he obediently implemented the suggestions made to him by the discouragement.
The only difference between the two is still on the issue of "welcoming the emperor". At that time, whether it was Frustrated Grant or Tian Feng and Guo Tu, who were equal to him, they all strongly recommended that Yuan Shao welcome Emperor Yuan to Hebei and move the capital to Yicheng, and henceforth blackmail Tianzi to order the princes to rebel against the world.
However, under the opposition of Chun Yuqiong, Zhen Pei and others, Yuan Shao finally decided not to welcome the emperor. In the end, Cao Cao seized this opportunity, thus laying the advantage in the hands of politics. Since then, Yuan Shao has always been subject to his opponents in his propaganda tone...
(The Book of later Han - The Biography of Yuan Shao records that Frustrated Zhi said of Shao Yue: "And the present prefecture is roughly determined, the soldiers are strong and the soldiers are attached, and the west is welcomed by the big driver, that is, the official Yidu.") Holding the Son of Heaven hostage, the princes and the beasts and horses are not courted. Who can rule? ”）
Why did Yuan Shao refuse to go to the Han Emperor, but instead gave up this great opportunity to Cao Cao? Of course, this will not be just because there is opposition from Trial Match, Chun Yu Qiong and others. The real fundamental reason lies in the depths of Yuan Shao's mind, which has always existed and gradually begun to rise more and more.
To put it bluntly, Yuan Shao and Yuan Shu, the two brothers, are both ambitious, want to call themselves emperors, and replace the lord of Han with Yuan Shi. Although he was not as arrogant and ignorant as Yuan Shu, holding a jade seal in his hand and wanting to ascend to the top of the country, he was much more low-key in this regard.
However, the temporary non-title of emperor does not mean that Yuan Shao does not have the idea of being called emperor in his heart. Rather, he understood very clearly that the title of emperor was too conspicuous, and it was easy to put on a crown for himself, which was not only a big move, but also easy to become the target of public criticism (Yuan Shu was the best lesson for the past).
Therefore, in Yuan Shao's view, the matter of calling the emperor must be cautious and must be followed step by step according to the plan. Only when all the time is ripe is ripe is when he will be honored with the Ninth Five-Year Dignity and open a new dynasty... And his decision not to greet Emperor Xian of Han was actually a step in his plan.
Because he felt that as long as the emperor came to his territory, even if he was a puppet, he would compete with Yuan Shao in terms of reputation, which would greatly affect his prestige in the Hebei territory. Moreover, when he wants to be called emperor later, Emperor Xian of Han will also be an obstacle, and in the end it will inevitably be saddled with notoriety such as "killing the king" and "forcing Zen"... If this is the case, why bother to pick up the emperor and add to his own blockage?
Of course, all these plans and ideas were only hidden in Yuan Shao's heart, the deepest place. We know that Yuan Shao was a man of great depth, and was not as arrogant and ostentatious as his younger brother Yuan Shu. Therefore, regarding his inner "plan to become emperor", even the closest people around him, he never confided...
Obviously, Frustrated Zhi did not understand the true thoughts in the heart of his master Yuan Shao. Like Tian Feng, although he was a person with superior wisdom and excellent strategy, he was a bit idiotic in interpreting the king's heart... This also laid a far-reaching foreshadowing for the tragic ending of the two of them...
According to the analysis of historical records, in the matter of welcoming the emperor, there was not much contradiction between Frustrated Zhi and Yuan Shao because of the difference of opinion. Yuan Shao's trust in him did not diminish slightly, and Frustrated Zhi was as dedicated as ever, actively handling various tasks for Yuan Shao in both military and political aspects (this was the same as in Tian Feng's case).
With the passage of time, with the wholehearted assistance of Frustrated Zhi, Tian Feng, Guo Tu, Xu You and others, the hegemony of the Yuan Shao Group also gradually reached its peak in the midst of victories... At the same time, Yuan Shao's mentality also slowly underwent some changes when his career reached its peak.
Most people in later generations could not understand this change in Yuan Shao. I think that he was originally such a wise and divine overlord, who had just established the great cause of unifying the four northern states, but why did he become arbitrary at this juncture, and he was wide-minded and jealous of the inside; even the two great sages of Tian Feng broke with him, which eventually led to the great defeat of Guandu?
In fact, as we have just analyzed, it is not difficult to explain that everything is attributed to Yuan Shao's innermost "plan to claim the emperor".
According to historical records, the contradiction between Tian Feng and Yuan Shao intensified, mainly because of the matter of "not cutting down because of the illness of the widow". Yuan Shao refused to follow his advice on the grounds that his youngest son was ill, and took advantage of Cao Cao's attack on Liu Bei in Xuzhou to attack Xuchang in the south...
After repeated unsuccessful advice, Tian Feng was furious and thunderous, and angrily rebuked and complained about Yuan Shao in front of everyone... In this regard, the relationship between him and Yuan Shao was completely broken, and from then on he was hated by Yuan Shao and could no longer be reused...
And discouragement? According to historical records, the beginning of the rupture between him and Yuan Shao's direct relationship was that he opposed Yuan Shao's "separation of the three sons". That is, the three sons Yuan Tan Yuan Xi and Yuan Shang were assigned to three different states to garrison.
("Romance of the Three Kingdoms" records: Shao Ai Shaozi Shang, beautiful, want to think that it is later but not revealed)
Frustrated, he believes that the separation of the sons is entirely a way to take the trouble, which is equivalent to sowing the hidden dangers of territorial division and disputes with the sons within his own group. Now with Yuan Shao's majestic town, the three princes each lead a state, naturally there is no problem, but they can also contribute their own efforts under the guidance of Yuan Shao' center, making the whole group more prosperous.
However, once there is any accident on Yuan Shao's side, it is equivalent to the entire group, and there is no central axis at once. At that time, if a new central orientation is not quickly formed, there will be a danger of splitting. Several princes have equal status among themselves, but they are not convinced of each other, and the light is fighting for each other, and the heavy is fighting each other, which leads to a large amount of internal friction. It is only a matter of time before the entire group disintegrates and collapses...
Judging from what happened later, the disillusionment at this time is naturally very correct. His political foresight was really accurate to the point of outrageous (later after Yuan Shao's death, the Yuan family brothers did split and fight among themselves). Therefore, he pointed out the problem to the point and immediately put forward his own suggestions for Yuan Shao.
("Spring and Autumn in Kyushu" records: "The world calls a rabbit to go to the Qu, ten thousand people to chase it, one person to get it, the greedy to stop, and the divided and the reason.") And the annual average is virtuous, the virtue is even, and the ancient system is also. May the precepts of success or failure of the previous generations be thought of and the righteousness of the rabbits be determined. ”）
However, the correct suggestion that could have prevented all this from happening before it happened was not adopted by Yuan Shao. On the contrary, Yuan Shao also excused himself that he had deliberately done so in order to examine the military and political ability of several of his sons...
("Spring and Autumn in Kyushu" records: Shao Yue: "Lonely desire makes the four children each according to one state, in order to see their ability")
Which tendon did Yuan Shao make the wrong one this time? Why not only did he turn a deaf ear to the correct suggestions made by frustrated people, but on the contrary, he was also shocked to do such a self-destructing and self-destructive thing?
In fact, all this can still be explained as Yuan Shao's inner "imperial thought" at work.
We can analyze a little bit of Yuan Shao's real mentality at this time:
After destroying Gongsun Zhan and dominating the northern surroundings, Yuan Shao's mood soon followed suit. On the one hand, he overestimated himself, feeling that the land of Hebei had been flattened, and basically the entire north had fallen into his palm. Coupled with the fact that he has a large number of soldiers and a large number of grain and grass, he thinks that there is no opponent who can stop him under the whole world...
Therefore, Yuan Shao felt that since the general trend of the world had been determined, the matter of being called emperor was also just around the corner. You can also begin to make some "preparations" to learn from the "sub-feudal system" of the previous kings, and send your sons and cronies to the territory of each state to become kings. Since then, the sons of the Yuan family have sprinkled all over the land of various states, coupled with the prestige of the Yuan family's original "protégés and former officials all over the world", they can jointly defend the new regime established by the Yuan family...
There was no doubt that this time, Frustrated Zhi still did not understand the true thoughts in Yuan Shao's heart. Like Tian Feng, he also made all kinds of negative and complaining voices after Yuan Shao rejected his correct proposal. Moreover, he did not shy away from the crowded public occasions, and blurted out his own resentful words...
("Spring and Autumn in Kyushu" records: "The disaster began here")
Although, the performance of frustration was not as fierce as Tian Feng's (Tian Feng directly hit the ground with a crutch and scolded Yuan Shao loudly). But at the same time, Yuan Shao paid the most attention to prestige, and went to stir Yuan Shao's tiger whiskers, which greatly damaged Yuan Shao's face... Therefore, the relationship between Frustrated Zhi and Yuan Shao also created a considerable gap. Basically, it was also foreseen that he would have a similar tragic end to Tian Feng...
Next, let's look at the various performances of Frustrated Zhi in the Battle of Guandu, and the process by which he was eventually killed by the defeat of the army.
Here we still have to talk about the protracted war policy proposed by Frustrated Zhi and Tian Feng for Yuan Shao: "Three years of fatigue and Cao". The specific suggestion was to take advantage of Yuan Shaojun's various advantages in military strength, logistics, and geographical location, and adopt the tactics of taking steps as a battalion and fighting steadily and steadily, so that Cao Cao would have nowhere to go and slowly lose his vigor.
At the same time, it was also possible to send multiple cavalry to constantly harass Cao Cao's hinterland from the side, so that it could not take care of each other from the end, and constantly affected its rear production, logistics and transportation... In the long run, Cao Cao would be exhausted sooner or later, and even if the army's combat effectiveness was strong, it would only be dragged to death by fatigue. In less than three years, the Cao clique will inevitably collapse due to the lack of money and grain, and the victory of the Yuan side is also within reach...
(The Biography of Emperor Xiandi records that the Shao general Nanshi, Frustrated Zhi, and Tian Feng said: "In the years when the division was born, the people were tired, the warehouse was not accumulated, and Fang Yin was entrusted with service, and the country was deeply worried.") It is advisable to send envoys to sacrifice the Heavenly Son of Heaven and work in the peasants and the people; if they are not passed, they will be separated from the road of our king, and then they will enter Tun Liyang, gradually camp Henan, make boats, treat the apparatus, dispatch the fine horses, and the money will be despised, so that he will not be safe, and I will take his escape. In three years, things can be sat down)
Such a clever strategic policy is almost fundamental, and the death pit on Cao Cao's side is even more a very correct understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of all aspects of the enemy and us.
Everyone knows that Cao Cao's ability in military command is absolutely outstanding. Not only are they good at training and using troops, but there are many generals under their command who can recruit good soldiers. Moreover, Cao Cao was brilliant in his wisdom, able to make good decisions, very good at grasping opportunities on the battlefield, and often being able to win more with less, and countering the strong with the weak...
Therefore, the most important principle in fighting such an opponent is that first of all, you must not show your flaws and let them take advantage of it. In particular, we must not rush to fight a decisive battle with it, because this is just to meet the needs of the enemy to "facilitate rapid warfare" and hit the hearts of others...
However, this time, Yuan Shao seemed to be enchanted again, and Yan Ci rejected this strategic policy that was originally far-sighted and allowed him to "lie down and win". Instead, he heeded the advice of Guo Tu, Zhen Pei, and others, and personally led 100,000 elite infantry and cavalry south to confront Cao Cao's main force and prepare for a duel with it...
Not only that, Yuan Shao also imprisoned Tian Feng, who strongly insisted on not giving in to the protracted war, in the name of "disturbing the hearts and minds of the army." Although Yuan Shao did not surrender to him, he also dispersed his military power at the suggestion of Guo Tu and others. He was abolished from his post of "supervisor of the army" and replaced by the governor of the three capitals, and let frustrated with Guo Tu and Chun Yu Qiong each have an army.
(The Biography of Emperor Xiandi records that Shao was suspicious.) It was divided into three governors, and Guo Tu and Chun Yu Qiong were given an army, and they were united to the south)
What is the reason for this? Could it be that this Yuan Shao's brain was burned out again? Instead of rejecting the correct advice, he did not spare any effort, worked hard, went on an expedition, and mobilized the masses, chose a thankless one, and finally almost sent him to the death of the Western Heavens?
In fact, all this can still be explained as the "imperial thought" in Yuan Shao's heart. Because at this time, he was in a mental state of being full of spirit, explosive mentality, and overconfidence.
He felt that Cao Cao was not only inferior in territory and population compared to him, but also had almost half the number of troops available to him (100,000 vs. 40,000). Moreover, in terms of geographical advantages, it also has a great advantage. Because the four northern states have been basically swept away by themselves, there is no obvious threat around them, and they only need to concentrate on facing Cao Cao head-on.
On the other hand, Cao Cao, the Yanzhou and Xuzhou he occupied, were both places of four wars, and the surrounding strong enemies looked around. In addition to confronting Yuan Shao on the front, there were also strong enemies such as Liu Biao and Sun Ce in the rear, none of which were easy to provoke, and it was necessary to leave troops everywhere to fortify. Just imagine, the already inferior troops should be dispersed and used, dare to ask how many people and horses Cao Cao can send on the front line of Guandu?
What's more, the level of grain and grass supply between the two sides is even more different. Cao Cao's side fought for many years, and there were often rebellions in the areas under his rule, resulting in a weakening of the national strength, not only the supply of grain and grass in the front was often interrupted, but there were even rumors that they had to use "human breasts" as jerky as military food at every turn.
And What about Yuan Shao's side? The four northern states were his grain and grass bases, and he had captured a lot of stored grain in Yijing, which was occupied by Gongsun Zhan. And he was stable in the rear, and the logistics and transportation lines were stable. Although the grain and grass cannot be said to be open to supply, compared to Cao Cao's tragic situation of lack of grain at every turn, it is really much better...
Therefore, Yuan Shao felt that compared with Cao Cao, he was superior in military strength, superior in combat strength, superior in geographical advantages, and also superior in grain and grass... Under the crushing pressure of such an all-round advantage, why can't we fight a decisive battle in the light of day, and still engage in those protracted confrontations and sneak attacks?
Yes, Yuan Shao's idea now is that he wants to be a real hero! Not only do you have to personally decide the strategy, but you must also personally command the battle, pull away the posture, and fight with Cao Cao. The purpose is to crush the opponent in the battlefield, crush Cao Cao, and let everyone in the world see his heroism. For the next "call the emperor to open the country", lay the foundation of fame ...
In this way, the famous Battle of Guandu in history was fought. Frustrated, yuan shao was dismissed from his post as "supervising the army" and was stripped of his military power. Therefore, in this war, he spent most of his time by Yuan Shao's side, contributing to his advance and playing the role of a strategist.
Let's take a look at the level of his approach strategy that Frustrated Zhi showed in this battle:
When Yuan Shao's army crossed the Yellow River and marched, Frustrated Zhi suggested that some of his men and horses be retained and the ferry port should be guarded in case of emergency. In this way, even if the battle fails, the army can have a retreat, and the strength can be saved in the future... As a result, Yuan Shao scoffed at Frustrated Zhi's proposal, which led to the obstruction of the retreat route when the army was defeated later, except for a few hundred cavalry who escaped, they were killed by Cao Cao's prisoners, and from then on, almost all of Hebei's elite forces were destroyed...
Yuan Shao appointed Yan Liang as the vanguard and went to Baima to fight against the Cao army. Frustrated Zhi then suggested, saying that Yan Liang's strength was narrow, although Xiao Yong was not suitable for leading alone, at least someone should assist him... As a result, Yuan Shao did not listen, and still let Yan Liang lead the troops to fight alone. Soon cao cao played a sound of east and west, the flank was defeated by the sneak attack, and Yan Liang himself was killed by Guan Yu who came by surprise...
The military food of Yuan Shao's army was stored in Wuchao, guarded by the general Chun Yuqiong. Frustrated Zhi suggested that since it was a heavy grain area, it should be strictly guarded, and the fierce general Jiang Qi should be sent to lead thousands of people and horses to patrol the perimeter of Wuchao, and add a safety lock... As a result, Yuan Shao felt that his garrison plan was flawless, and he did not listen to the discouragement.
Later, when cao Cao personally led the elite troops to raid, Wuchao really lost his hand, and the grain and grass of Yuan's army were burned down...
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What more can we say about that? Obviously, in the Battle of Guandu, the most critical battle, at almost every important juncture, Frustrated Zhi had made the most correct, wise, and practical suggestions to Yuan Shao. Even if there was even one suggestion that could be adopted by Yuan Shao, then this war would not be the result of the later period.
However, Yuan Shao had to act against the discouragement, and the result was to lose again and again, and finally lost to the point where it was completely irreparable and there was no chance of reversal... Not only were the soldiers and horses almost completely destroyed, but several generals were also damaged (Chun Yu Qiong was killed in battle, and Zhang Gaolan surrendered). Even Frustrated, in this great rout, he was unable to cross the north and became a prisoner of the Cao army... After refusing Cao Cao's persuasion to surrender, Frustrated Zhi tried to escape from prison. As a result, the matter was exposed and captured again, and finally beheaded by Cao Cao...
(The Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms - The Biography of Yuan Shao records that Shao Zhong collapsed, and Shao and Tan Shan rode back across the river.) The remnants descended in disguise, and they all fell into the pit. Frustrated is not as good as Shaodu, and is held by people, and Taizu is kind to him. After plotting to return the Yuan clan, he was killed. ）
Writing this, we can also sort out the life of this character and the enmity and resentment between him and Yuan Shao. It should be said that he is indeed a talented, ambitious, principled and persistent figure. In the process of Yuan Shao's entrepreneurship, whether it is the strategic concept or the implementation of tactical strategies, he has made great contributions, and can be said to be the most important career founder in the Yuan Group...
In the mouths of posterity, Frustrated Zhi left a fairly good evaluation:
Chen Pu, a famous theorist of the Southern Song Dynasty: Yuan Caoxiang and the Road Across the King, the Fourth Dynasty and the Three Gong En Hai Shen. At that time, only Guan Ning was, who sighed at the Yellow River;
The late Song scholar Hao Jing: Frustrated and Tian Feng's plan is not used, and can not go, the death of the difficult, it is like the ya father;
Husan Province: Enabling Shao to use the teachings, Cao Qihu;
Lin Guozan: Yuan's ministers, Tian Fengwai, Mo Zhongzhi, and later martyred;
He Ziquan: Frustrated Zhi, Xun Yu and Zhuge Liang, were all first-rate intelligent figures during the Three Kingdoms period;
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However, it is undeniable that, like his colleague Tian Feng, Frustrated Zhi also has a straight and fierce side.
Although the performance is not as exaggerated as Tian Feng, it is also suspected and alienated by the master because of this, and eventually leads to a tragic ending.
Perhaps, in the final analysis, the real tragic root of frustration lies in his failure to read Yuan Shao's innermost "imperial thought" that rises vaguely after his career reaches its peak.
In contrast, a despicable villain like Guo Tu will even more figure out the heart of the master and take the opportunity to make a rumor in front of Yuan Shao and slander him...
Of course, there is another possibility, that is, the frustration of its own personality is like this.
In essence, he was a "loyal" minister, not a "loyal" minister. Therefore, the object of his allegiance was the cause of the entire Yuan clique, not Yuan Shao, the monarch himself.
Therefore, even if frustrated Zhi read Yuan Shao's heart, he would certainly not be like Guo Tu and others, at the expense of violating his own principles, to deliberately cater to the master's intentions...
PS: At the end of the writing, we still have one last question: Can He be in the Yuan Shao Group comparable to Zhuge Liang under Liu Bei?
Personally, I feel that if we put aside the rendering of the rendition novel, the real history of frustrated and Zhuge Liang, the positioning of the two is completely different.
The only thing they overlap is in the strategic planning.
Frustrated Zhi had guided Yuan Shao and set a long-term strategic plan for capturing the four prefectures of Hebei, and Zhuge Liang also presented Liu Bei with the "Longzhong Pair", proposing the strategic concept of Liansun resisting Cao, and first occupying Jingzhou, then taking Yizhou Hanzhong, and fixing three points under the heavens.
However, in the specific positions he was engaged in, Zhuge Liang was more adept at internal politics, and before Liu Bei's death, he was the logistics steward of the entire group, and he had almost no experience of leading soldiers to fight...
And discouragement? Historical records do not record his talents in governance, but instead praise him as "supervising and controlling the three armies inside and outside the world." That is to say, Frustrated Zhi is more like a handsome talent, and from his performance before and after the Battle of Guandu, whether it is battlefield planning or front-line tactics, it has its own unique features...
In other words, Frustrated Zhi is actually a combination of half Zhuge Liang (strategic planning) + half Pang Tong (leading troops to fight) + half Fazheng (giving advice).
In terms of comprehensive ability, he should also be above Zhuge Liang.
However, Zhuge Liang knew more about the way of being a subject than Frustrated Zhi, and he was also more able to see people with a discerning eye, and chose Liu Bei, who seemed to be depressed, but actually had great potential.
Therefore, it can have a broader space for development, and has left a good name of "sages through the ages" in the history books.
However, frustrated, he could only be dragged into the quagmire of fiasco along with Yuan Shao. In the end, with the regret of "failing to do a thing", he retired in history...
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