The stamp T63 "Animal Husbandry - Cattle", issued in 1981, placed Qinchuan cattle in the first place, which impressed people. Qinchuan cattle are named after the 800-mile Qinchuan river produced in Guanzhong, Shaanxi, which is a world-class famous brand, known as the treasure of China, ranking first among the five best breeds of cattle in the country. Therefore, Qinchuan cattle ranked first in the T63 "Animal Husbandry - Cattle" stamp, which should be worthy of the name.
Qinchuan cattle are China's excellent large-scale serving meat combined breeds, fur purple red, or red or yellow. Tall, with thick bones and full muscles. The horns are short and blunt, the texture is delicate and fleshy, mostly slightly curved outwards and downwards or back, resembling hook and sickle or soap horns. The nose mirror and eye circles are mostly pink, the wide frontal surface is flat, and the eyes are large and round, revealing a soft and thick energy. The thin fur is as fine as yellow satin and shiny. The neck is thick and short, the chest is wide and deep, the back and waist are straight, and the abdomen is round and compact. Strong and hard-working, strong and docile, strong in carrying and docile in temperament.
Qinchuan cattle is an ancient local excellent breed, in February 1944, Shaanxi Baoji Cultivating Cattle Breeding Farm first proposed the name of Qinchuan cattle, which is still used today. Qinchuan cattle were once called Guanzhong cattle and Wei cattle, and have a long history of breeding.
In the ancient flood era, the Guanzhong area was densely forested, lush with water and grass, warm climate, abundant rainfall, and abundant wild animals, which was very suitable for agriculture and animal husbandry. Remains of captive cattle and other animals have been found on the Banpo site, which dates back 6,000 years. During the Yin Shang Dynasty, the cattle were called "One Yuan Dawu" and "the animals of the Zongmiao Temple". During the Western Zhou Dynasty, there is an account of "choosing a good cow to offer the Lord". In the Spring and Autumn period and The Qin Dynasty, cattle farming was promoted, and "those who choose the strongest to cultivate, the rest for food" were promoted. During the Western Han Dynasty, qinchuan cattle have formed significant body shape characteristics, and the western Han dynasty pottery cattle excavated from Wolfjiagou in Xianyang are historical evidence, with a symmetrical proportion of body structure, standing with a straight neck, a rounded body, obvious shoulder peaks, strong limbs, and a realistic demeanor, quite similar to modern Qinchuan cattle. The Tang Dynasty Chang'an painter Han Di, the five cattle painted in his "Five Bull Diagrams" are all northern cattle, that is, Qinchuan cattle. In "Dream House Painter Concise", it is said: "There are more buffalo in the south, and more cattle and black cattle in the north." Yellow and black two kinds, short horns and flat neck, fleshless jaw, soft skin drooping like a flag. "From the picture, there is no disobedience, especially the fifth cow with reddish brown in the "Five Cows Diagram", which is similar to the modern Qinchuan cattle, indicating that the Qinchuan cattle breed has long been completed.
The Song "Materia Medica" says that alfalfa is "very much in Shaanxi, and cattle and horses are fed". Alfalfa is rich in protein, minerals, vitamins, and plays an important role in the improvement and development of the quality of Qinchuan cattle. As a meat type, Qinchuan cattle are also excellent varieties, with a lean meat rate of up to 76.06%, tender meat, soft and juicy, bright red color, and marbled. Shi Zai: "Delicate, grained, flapjack ox soup, cream and fragrance" as evidence. It is listed as a rare animal in the Atlas of The World Famous Cattle published in France.
Qinchuan cattle accompanied the Qin people, step by step through the flood, through the vicissitudes of a thousand years of wind and rain, whether it is driving to plough the fields, pioneering and forging ahead, it eats grass, squeezes out milk, bears hardships and stands hard work, and never complains.
Qinchuan cattle have become the most loyal and intimate partners of the Qin people, Qinchuan cattle have been loved by the Shaanxi people of all generations, and the Qinchuan cattle are also the symbols and spiritual symbols of the Qin people's strength, calmness, selflessness, honesty, loyalty, stubbornness and perseverance.
March 16, 2009
Zhu Wenjie: Born in Xi'an in 1948, Zhu Wenjie is currently the honorary president of the Xi'an Poetry and Calligraphy Research Association, the deputy director of the Chinese Festival Culture Research Center of Northwest University, the vice president of the Xi'an Qin Brick and Han Tile Research Association, and the librarian of the Xi'an Municipal Museum of Culture and History. He is a member of the Chinese Writers Association and a national first-class writer. Published poems "Weeping Spring", "Spirit Stone", "Dream Stone", "Zhu Wenjie Poetry Collection" (volume 1 and 2); reportage "Notes on the Interview of the Old Third Session"; essay collection "Qing Ping Le", "Collection of Scing Spikes", "Chang'an Look back", "Auspicious Shaanxi" (upper and lower volumes), "Beautiful Shaanxi on Stamps".