Three questions from Deng Jiaxian
Wang Xusheng
Reading the article "Deng Jiaxian", we must solve the problem of three levels, that is, "what was written - how to write - why was it written this way". This kind of reading is the reading of the language, which can effectively improve the reading ability and improve the language literacy.
Write what
"What to write" is not difficult to grasp, the content of the six parts of the full text can be briefly summarized as: China's nearly a hundred years of humiliation history, Deng Jiaxian's life resume and contributions, such as Deng Jiaxian and Oppenheimer, clarification of rumors, desert entrepreneurship, evaluation and praise. Specifically, if we look at "what to write," we can start with a small headline: "From 'let others slaughter' to 'stand up,'" the two vivid words reveal the great changes of the Chinese nation over the past century, put Deng Jiaxian in this historical background, and highlight his tremendous contributions; "The Founding Father of the 'Two Bombs,'" which uses General Zhang Aiping's appraisal to affirm Deng Jiaxian's status as the founder and pioneer of the Chinese nation's nuclear weapons cause; "Deng Jiaxian and Oppenheimer," the author regards Deng Jiaxian as the "father of the atomic bomb" of the United States. Oppenheimer's analogy is that he highly respects Deng Jiaxian; "National feelings? camaraderie? The two question marks are actually two exclamation points, and the indistinguishable emotions precisely show the great emotional shock brought to the author by China's self-reliance in carrying out the atomic bomb, and Yang Zhenning is proud of both the nation and the first; "I can't go," the simplest words spoken at the most dangerous moment, fully express deng Jia's spiritual qualities of being a pioneer and not being afraid of sacrifice; "eternal pride" is to use his own words as a general evaluation. To sum up, this article is written about an outstanding scientist and patriot who has made great contributions to the motherland and to the development of the nation.
Understand that "what to write" is the most basic requirement for reading, language reading can not be tasted and stopped, but also to explore "how to write" and "why write this way", read out the language flavor.
How to write
How to write? Reading this article should focus on the following three points:
First, use subheadings cleverly. This article is long, and the materials selected in each part write Deng Jiaxian from different angles, which is long and spanned, and the connection between the front and back is not particularly close. Therefore, the author adopts a plate structure, using subheadings. The subheadings not only conspicuously reveal the content of each paragraph, but also closely focus on the theme, outline and embellish the whole text.
Second, use contrast. First, look at the comparison of the characters in the text. The author's unique identity, both familiar with Oppenheimer and brotherly with Deng Jiaxian, will naturally make an interesting comparison between these two "leaders and heroes of the atomic bomb design of the two countries". Oppenheimer's personality and personality are very different from Deng Jiaxian's: the former is sharp and fierce, the latter is loyal and simple; the former often interrupts other people's academic reports; the latter persuades the two factions that quarreled during the Cultural Revolution to continue their work. There are two effects of this comparison: First, it fully explains deng Jiaxian's noble character, and only a talent like Deng Jiaxian can adapt to the needs of Chinese society and make great contributions to the development of the nation; second, deng Jiaxian is placed on the international stage to write, showing the author's global vision, and suddenly improving the realm of the article.
Look again at the carefully designed contrasting structure of the article. The front is a series of incidents in which great powers invaded and China lost power and humiliated the country; then there is a record of China's successful manufacture of atomic and hydrogen bombs, which has reached the world's advanced level of national defense and self-defense weapons. The contrast between the two is so strong that Deng Jiaxian is raised to the height of history, highlighting the image of a three-dimensional and radiant Chinese good boy. Such a contrast gives the article a kind of boldness, has a shocking power, and shakes the reader's heart. At the same time, it can also be seen that the author's big hand and big mind.
Third, the form is scattered and the gods are not scattered. This article inserts ancient texts, poems, telegrams, etc., and the form of the article is "scattered", but the theme is concentrated: showing Deng Jiaxian's extraordinary creative ability, strong will, firm faith, noble spirit of dedication to the country, great contribution and eternal value.
Why is it written that way
Why is it written this way? The question for this article is: Why didn't the author systematically and concretely introduce Deng Jiaxian's deeds to show his glorious life? From the perspective of the purpose of writing, the great scientist writes the great scientist with a large hand, in line with a historical vision and a global vision, focusing on the scientific spirit, scientific attitude, life value, etc., so it does not focus on specific details. Judging from the emotional tone of the whole text, the simple language of this article is full of the affection of a friend of 50 years, and the entry point of the article is the interaction between the author and Deng Jiaxian - that is, "I" and Deng Jiaxian, so it will not be described in detail. From the perspective of material selection, after all, the two have separated the two sides of the ocean for a long time, Deng Jiaxian's work is strictly confidential, and the author has not much material in his possession, so he cannot systematically and specifically introduce the deeds.
It can be seen that the author's use of prose form, subheading plate structure, and contrasting techniques to write this article is appropriate, clever, and ingenious.
December 4, 2012