"The Pillar of the Middle Stream: The Great War of Resistance Behind Enemy Lines" Serial 3
In the 3rd Army of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Coalition Army led by Zhao Shangzhi, there was a thirty-year-old Sichuan woman, whom the soldiers called "our female political commissar." On the battlefield, women are always eye-catching, and harbin's pseudo-Manchu newspapers published reports about her, saying that she was a "red gun and white horse", and this person was Zhao Yiman.
under arrest
In the winter of 1935, Zhao Shangzhi led the main army on an expedition, and Zhao Yiman remained in the Pearl River and was surrounded by Japanese puppet troops. During the battle, Zhao Yiman was wounded by a bullet in his left thigh and fainted in the snow and was captured by the Japanese puppet army. Zhao Yiman, who was wounded and captured, was taken to the Harbin Pseudo-Police Department, interrogated her, a Japanese officer, Taiji Ohno, and later confessed at the War Criminals Management Center: "In order to confirm Zhao Yiman's membership as a communist, the agents used all kinds of torture, nailed bamboo sticks into her fingernail slits, poked her wounds with a whip, and alternately poured hot pepper water and cold gasoline into Zhao Yiman's throat and nostrils, but did not get any information about the Communists and the guerrillas." Later, Zhao Yiman was unconscious due to pain, and the enemy feared that she would not be able to get a confession when she died, and sent her to the Harbin Municipal First Hospital for surveillance and treatment.
Here, let us remember these two names, Dong Xianxun and Han Yongyi, who are the puppet Manchu police officers who are responsible for guarding Zhao Yiman in the hospital and the trainee nurses in the hospital. Unfortunately, Dong Xianxun did not leave any historical images, we just found Han Yongyi's photos, why mention them?
During his treatment at the Harbin First Hospital, Zhao Yiman did not stop the anti-Japanese propaganda work, and as long as he had the opportunity, Zhao Yiman took the initiative to chat with Dong Xianxun and Han Yongyi, telling them stories of the atrocities of the Japanese invaders and the fighting of the guerrillas. Through the exchange with Zhao Yiman, the patriotic heart and national consciousness of the two people were awakened, and their sympathy for Zhao Yiman gradually turned into heartfelt admiration. Therefore, the two decided to help Zhao Yiman escape from Hukou and join the anti-Japanese guerrillas together!
desertion
On June 28, 1936, on a night of lightning and thunder, heavy rain, Zhao Yiman, who had been imprisoned for more than 8 months, escaped from the hospital with the help of Dong Xianxun and Han Yongyi. In the early morning of the 29th, the enemy found that Zhao Yiman and 3 other people were missing, and immediately sent a large number of military police to block the traffic arteries. At 5:00 a.m., the Japanese police chased more than 20 kilometers east of the Ashe River and found Zhao Yiman, Dong Xianxun, and Han Yongyi sitting on a carriage, all of whom were arrested at the same time.
After Zhao Yiman, Dong Xianxun, and Han Yongyi were taken back to Harbin, they were respectively imprisoned in a detention room on the basement floor of the Harbin Pseudo-Police Department. Today's Northeast Martyrs Memorial Hall is the location of the Harbin Pseudo-Police Department. In order to let people more intuitively understand the criminal history of the Japanese puppet army, the memorial hall still retains the cell where Zhao Yiman was held at that time, and it is in this dark dungeon that the Japanese puppet police once again destroyed Zhao Yiman's dehuman.
Where I am now is the scene of the torture chamber restored 1:1 by the Northeast Martyrs Memorial Hall. Hanging chains, flaming charcoal braziers, and red-hot soldering irons, all kinds of torture instruments were placed in a mess, the walls and the ground were stained with blood, and there was a smell of burnt paste in the house, which was not a movie, but a real history.
Imperishment
After the torture, the physical pain made Zhao Yiman pass out. I don't know how long later, the cold ground and the cool breeze blowing in from outside the iron window made Zhao Yiman gradually wake up, but she had no way to turn over and move, she could only lie quietly on the ground. As a CCP member and revolutionary fighter, but also as a wife, daughter, and mother, her heart was not quiet for a moment on this day. She thought through everything she could think of. Zhao Yiman knew that he probably wouldn't be able to get out of here alive, and even if he could get out, he was on the way to the execution ground. Zhao Yiman is not born without love, at this time, there is only one person she can't let go of. At this moment, Zhao Yiman thought of her 7-year-old son. Seven years ago, because of his revolutionary work, Zhao Yiman painfully sent his newborn son to a relative in Hankou to raise him, which became a farewell between their mother and son.
In the 9 months from her arrest to the execution site, Zhao Yiman experienced unimaginable torture, and at the last moment, her body was exposed, and her body was charred in many places due to electrocution, but she never revealed any information. The Japanese despaired of her, and they decided to execute Zhao Yiman.
Righteousness
On August 1, 1936, the Japanese army escorted Zhao Yiman back to the Zhuhe River. The enemy wants to use her blood to terrorize the people of the guerrilla zone. On the train, Zhao Yiman asked the enemy for paper and pencil, and wrote this suicide note to his seven-year-old son. In her suicide note she wrote:
Ning Er, mother is really sorry that you have not been able to fulfill your educational responsibilities. Because my mother resolutely fought against the Manchus and The Anti-Japanese Struggle, today has reached the eve of sacrifice! Mother and you will never have a chance to see each other again. Hope you, Ning'er! Hurry up adults and come and comfort your underground mother! O my dearest child! Mother does not use a thousand words to educate you, she uses practice to educate you. When you grow up, I hope you don't forget that your mother died for the country! On August 2, 1936, your mother, Zhao Yiman, was in the car.
This suicide note, which people could not bear to read, was only found in the Japanese archives after the founding of New China. The suicide note is 162 words in total, and every word and sentence is full of a mother's reluctance for her child, but in the face of sacrifice, it is so resolute and determined. This is a Communist Party member, a flesh-and-blood national hero, Zhao Yiman.
After Zhao Yiman became righteous, Dong Xianxun, a policeman who helped Zhao Yiman escape, died in prison because of excessive torture. Nurse Han Yongyi was also tortured by various tortures, and the Japanese pseudo-police wrote in a report material: "Han Yongyi was only subjected to Zhao Yiman's propaganda in a short period of time, and already has a deep-rooted anti-Japanese ideology." The report also quoted a passage by Han Yongyi: "The blood that flows in one's own five bodies is the blood of the Chinese nation." I look forward to the future expansion of the anti-Japanese front and the expulsion of the Japanese from the northeast...".
August 1st Declaration
Where there is oppression, there is resistance, and the Japanese invaders seem to have underestimated Chinese from the beginning. They did not expect that the brutal atrocities not only did not frighten the anti-Japanese people, but on the contrary aroused more national awakenings Chinese. Under the influence of the Communist Party of China, more and more people began to join and support the anti-Japanese guerrilla contingent, and the further expansion of the anti-Japanese united front in the northeast brought about a good situation in which the anti-Japanese guerrilla war in the northeast showed a vigorous development.
In July and August 1935, the Comintern held its Seventh Congress in Moscow. In accordance with the spiritual requirements of the conference to establish an anti-fascist united front in various countries and the deepening of the national crisis in China, the cpc delegation to the Communist Party of China drafted the "Letter of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to All Compatriots of the Chinese Soviet Government for Resisting Japan and Saving the Country" on August 1 and officially published it in the "National Salvation Newspaper" published in Paris, France on October 1, commonly known as the "August 1st Declaration". The "August 1st Declaration" calls on all parties, all armies and compatriots from all walks of life throughout the country, regardless of any difference in political views and interests in the past and at present, and any hostile acts, to stop the civil war and concentrate the strength of one country to fight for the anti-Japanese resistance.
In accordance with the spirit of the "August 1st Declaration", on February 20, 1936, the various departments of the Northeast People's Revolutionary Army issued the "Declaration on the Unified Army Structure of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Coalition Army" in the name of Yang Jingyu, Zhao Shangzhi, Zhou Baozhong, Wang Detai, etc., as well as the Yuyuan guerrillas and the Helen guerrillas. From February 1936 to December 1937, when the declaration was issued, 11 armies of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Coalition Army were established one after another, with a maximum military strength of more than 30,000 people.
The establishment of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Coalition Army did make the Japanese Kwantung Army more and more panicked. Sasaki Toichi, the supreme adviser of the Puppet Manchukuo Military and Political Department, is the man in the photo, and he is well aware that the anti-Japanese forces in Puppet Manchuria have been strengthened ideologically and politically, and have undergone qualitative changes. As a result, an even more brutal plan was gradually hatched.
This article is based on the "Archives" column of Beijing Satellite TV
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