The China Criminal Police College is located in Shenyang, Northeast China, which was established in 1948 as the Northeast Public Security Cadre School, and in 1981, the "China Criminal Police College" was established on the basis of this school, becoming the first public security undergraduate college in China. Friends who have been to the China Criminal Police Academy will find that among the many sculptures in the academy, one of them is the most prominent sculpture, which is the statue of Song Ci of the Song Dynasty.
For the understanding of Song Ci, we know through the TV series "The Great Song Ti Criminal Officer" starring He Bing. But what kind of person was Song Ci in history, and why was he respected by the Criminal Police Academy?
Many people think that forensic medicine is a modern profession that arose in the West. In fact, China is the first country to have a forensic profession. Judging from historical records, the most famous forensic doctor in China is Song Ci of the Song Dynasty.
For Song Ci, we only know a little bit through film and television dramas, Song Ci is from Jianyang, the place where the science of Jiangnan is prevalent, and Zhu Xi is a fellow countryman. But what kind of person Song Ci really is, we can only rely on the historical data.
Song Ci was born in the second generation of officials, and his father had served as a Guangzhou Festival Official, and attached great importance to the education of Song Ci, hoping that Song Ci could become a master of science like Zhu Xi. When Song Ci was young, he studied with Zhu Xi's disciple Wu Zhi, and from an early age he painstakingly read Confucian classics and knew many great Confucians.
When Song Ci was twenty years old, he studied under the theorist Zhen Dexiu, Song Ningzong Jiading for ten years, Song Ci took the imperial examination and entered the jinshi, and thus began his career as an official of the Song Dynasty. He served as the chief of Ganzhou in Jiangxi, the commander of Changting County, and the judge of Nanjian Tong. According to historical records, Song Ci has the world in mind in every position, to benefit the people and the people, because Song Ci's reputation is very good.
Song Ci also served as a judge of the Song Dynasty, that is, a "criminal official", he served as a criminal officer in Guangdong, Gansu, and Xiang, and investigated and handled many song dynasty mysteries. The backlog of cases has been tried for many years. Some people have been rehabilitated, and some outlaws have been punished.
Song Ci's long-term work in prison made him pay more attention to evidence, and he dared to perform autopsies and investigate the scene. Historical records record that "the great breakthrough is more important than the initial feeling, the first love is not more important than the examination, and when there is a deceased person, he will be investigated for his death."
Once, during a trial of the Zhuhuo case, he heard the wife of the deceased cry that her husband was bedridden with illness, and then a fire broke out in the house, and her husband was burned alive. But after Song Ci saw the charred corpse, he carefully observed it and saw that there was no sign of struggle, but the mouth was very clean, and the back burn marks were very light, so he thought it was a murder and arson case.
While investigating a suicide case, he felt that there was no evidence of the cause of the suicide. Song Ci opened the coffin for an autopsy, only to see that the knife in the hands of the deceased was not tight, and he thought that this was a murder case, not a suicide. The perpetrators and the officials who committed wrongdoing in the case were later punished.
In ancient China, there was a tradition of "the dead are great", so there is rarely a coffin open for autopsy. It can be said that Song Ci set a precedent and is also an example for modern forensic medicine to learn. Everyone knows the danger of autopsy, and if you accidentally get poisoned, the consequences are unimaginable. Especially in ancient times, how to deal with it without preventive measures.
According to historical records, Song Ci not only prepared the case, but also had forensic skills, which no one could match at that time. After all, this technology was also very taboo in ancient times.
Song Ci was very attentive in the process of handling the case, and while judging the case, he recorded some of the process of handling the case, forming the "Collection of Washed Grievances", which was his experience and was considered by later generations to be a model for forensic examination.
According to historical records, this book inherits the theories such as "Neishu Lu" and "Prison Turtle Jian", and also summarizes and summarizes the forensic achievements of the ancients before the Song Dynasty, which is the experience of the Song Dynasty from prison in its lifetime.
According to records, the monograph formed by Song Ci was three hundred and five thousand years earlier than the Italian forensic doctor Fidelius. It is said that after the publication of the "Collection of Washed Grievances", it was used by case-handling personnel after the Song Dynasty, and it was also translated into many languages and disseminated around the world.
It is said that Song Ci is the "originator" of forensic medicine in the world, this title is well-deserved, as a Chinese, we should be proud of the Song Dynasty out of Song Ci, although the Song Dynasty is a weak and poor dynasty, but the Song Dynasty's culture and art and other professional disciplines are very powerful in history.
So what is recorded in Song Ci's Collected Works of Washing Away Wrongs?
Song Ci has been passed down by the theorists since childhood, and his talent is very powerful, so in this book, he introduces the case, focusing on his own examination process of the body in the process of handling the case. For example, he wrote about a case in which a man was killed with a sickle, and he concluded that it was a vendetta. Later, he retrieved all the scythes from the village and put them in the sun to dry, eventually finding the criminal.
The principle used by Song Ci is very simple, if there are many flies and sickles, it means that there is a bloody smell on it, and the murderer can be found.
Song Ci's accurate handling of the case has also cleared some unjust people of their crimes, and more importantly, punished crimes, won the hearts of the people, and was respected by the people.
So why does the China Criminal Police Academy have a statue of Song Ci?
Mainly because Song Ci is the "originator" of China's forensic profession and the first person in the world to be forensic, which is worthy of commemoration by future generations. Not far from the statue of Song Ci is the anatomy building of the Criminal Police College, which is a forensic science platform.
It is understood that there is also a forensic department in the China Criminal Police College, which has trained many forensic talents for our country. As the "originator" of Forensic Medicine in China, a statue of Song Ci was erected as a memorial.
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