Hickory pest monitoring and control measures
This year's No. 6 typhoon "fireworks" is menacing, as an important forestry industry in our region, pecans will be greatly affected, after the typhoon, strengthen cultivation management, enhance tree potential, strengthen monitoring, and prevent outbreaks of pests and diseases is a top priority.
The following is an introduction to some of the pest species that need to be monitored and prevented, as well as some related technical measures:
1. Forestry measures
First of all, it is necessary to combine it with the technical measures of forestry, implement the basic principle of "prevention first, scientific prevention and control, management according to law, and promote health", adhere to the combination of treating both symptoms and root causes, focusing on prevention, and combining prevention and control, starting from improving the growth potential of trees and enhancing the ability of trees to resist diseases and insects, actively promoting comprehensive prevention and control, finding effective prevention and control methods, and winning a comprehensive victory in resisting disasters. Specific measures:
1, clean up the broken trunk branches, and burned in a concentrated manner; typhoon caused a lot of pecan branches and trunks to break, in order to prevent wound infection, it is necessary to prune the broken branches, apply wound healing agent to the wound, and use 30% Spring Thunder King copper suspension agent 600-800 times plus 20-20-20 full yuan water-soluble fertilizer 800 times spray, spray once a week, spray 2-3 times for prevention.
2. Fertilize and rejuvenate to improve the resistance of the tree itself. Fertilization and rejuvenation of the affected forest land, 1-2 kg of fast-acting compound fertilizer per plant, to accelerate the recovery of tree potential.
2. Important pests
1. Termites
Termites are more harmful pests that have occurred more in hickory woodlands in recent years. They often nest in the soil, feed on the roots and stems of pecans, and build mud bark on the trunks. The seedlings are directly killed by the victims, the growth of the large trees is weak, the branches and leaves are sparse, and the branches are easily broken by the wind, which seriously causes the leaves to fall, resulting in the death of the whole plant.
April-May and September-October of the year are the two periods with the most serious termite damage, and the growth of trees after typhoons is weak, which can easily cause the occurrence of the pest, and foresters should strengthen investigation and prevention.
Prevention and control methods: directly apply medicine in the ant road or bury termite booby traps on the woodland with termite activities, and bury 15-20 packs of booby traps in 1 acre of woodland, and the termites will infect each other after feeding, and the "whole army will be destroyed".
2. Leaf-eating pests
Common leaf-eating pests are walnut leopard night moth, hickory tianshe moth, eye spot hook moth, xylep inchworm, etc. Once these leaf-eating pests are infested, they can eat all the hickory leaves in a short period of time, causing serious harm to the growth of hickory, and directly affecting the growth results of the next few years.
Prevention and control methods: (1) Strengthen monitoring and early warning, carry out light booby traps, and find that adult insects have increased in large numbers, and organize pharmaceutical control 10-15 days after the peak. (2) Strengthen interforest investigation, and once a large number of larvae are found to be pests, immediately organize prevention and control. (3) Pharmaceutical selection: 5% perchloromethylvitamin microemulsion 800 times, short stable bacillus suspension agent 600 times, 40% biphenylthiacloprid suspension agent 1000 times, etc.
3. Common diseases
1. Hickory branch blight
The disease is currently a relatively common disease in pecan producing areas, but there is a serious trend of gradually forming. After the typhoon, the hickory tree body caused severe trauma, and the disease could become a major epidemic disease in the current and next phases.
The pathogen invades from weak branches and half-dead inactive branches, starting from the top tip, starting with short branches, but spreading downwards until the main trunk, which in severe cases will cause a large number of branches to die.
Prevention and control method: after the typhoon or after harvest combined with the branch cleaning process, the selection of 45% imidamine water emulsion 1000 times liquid spray, once every other week, spray three times in a row.
2. Hickory red leaf disease
The disease is caused by a leaf mite that mostly inhabits the back of the leaf and sucks on both sides of the main vein, causing the leaves to lose water and turn red until they die and fall. High temperatures and droughts are the main factors in the development of the disease.
Prevention and control methods: mainly take chemical spray prevention and control. Spray directly into the canopy with 15% pyridine emulsion 1000 times or 5% avicyanine microemulsion 1000 times liquid directly into the canopy, once every other week, twice.
3. Pecan root rot
Due to poor root growth, the aboveground growth is poor, which is manifested as yellow leaves, scorched leaf edges, fallen leaves, branches from top to bottom, and finally the whole plant dies, which is the most harmful disease of pecans.
Prevention and control measures: (1) strengthen management, rational fertilization, and cultivate strong trees; (2) root agent treatment: select dofu, fine methylpyrrexate, fine methylpyrrobacterium ester, fludhiamine and other agents plus mineral-derived potassium fulvic acid, alginic acid, root and other root-promoting agents after soil reclamation and re-soil; (3) to carry out new pruning, remove dead old and weak branches, promote new branches.
Among the above measures, the cleaning of dead branches and the renewal of pruning, and the prevention and control of chemicals can be combined with each other to achieve both treatment of diseases and insects and reduce manpower expenditure.
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