Emperor Yuan of Jin
Sima Rui was the first emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and the key word was "Wang Dun's Rebellion".
In 313, the Xiongnu Liu Cong invaded luoyang, the capital of the Western Jin Dynasty, and captured and killed Sima Chi, the emperor of the Jin Dynasty.
In 316, the Xiongnu Liu Cong sent troops to capture Chang'an prisoner and kill sima Yi, the emperor of the Jin Dynasty, and the Western Jin Dynasty fell.
In 317, Sima Rui re-established the Jin Dynasty with Jiankang as its capital, known historically as the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
Sima Rui was the Emperor Yuan of Jin, who was Sima Yi's great-grandson, and his grandfather Sima Ling was Sima Yi's third son.
Although Sima Rui was the founding emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, in fact, most of the power was in the hands of the Wang family headed by Wang Dao and Wang Dun. Therefore, there is a saying that "Wang Sima is in the world".
Later Sima Rui tried to suppress Wang's power, and in 322 he sparked a rebellion against Wang Dun.
The city of Jiankang was breached, Sima Rui was defeated by Wang Dun, and the imperial court became a decoration.
Named Tianzi, he did not go out of the palace by order, and at the end of 322 Sima Rui died of grief at the age of 47, reigning for 5 years.
After Sima Rui's death, his 24-year-old son Sima Shao succeeded to the throne as Emperor Ming of Jin.
Emperor Ming of Jin
Sima Shao was the second emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and the key word was "cut out Wang Dun".
Sima Shao had a feud with Wang Dun.
When Sima Shao was crown prince, Wang Dun saw that he had courage and strategy, so he wanted to depose him in the name of filial piety, but he gave up because all the officials opposed him.
In 324, Sima Shao took advantage of Wang Dun's serious illness and sent troops to plot against Wang Dun.
Wang Dun led an army with illness to attack Jiankang, and Sima Shao calmly faced the enemy, divided the Wang family's forces, and finally defeated the rebels.
Later, Wang Dun fell ill and died, and was dissected by the imperial court.
Sima Shao was a promising emperor, but unfortunately had a short life.
He died in 325, only one year after the defeat of Wang Dun, at the age of 27, and reigned for 3 years.
After Sima Shao's death, his 5-year-old eldest son Sima Yan succeeded to the throne, and he was known as Emperor Cheng of Jin.
Jin Cheng Emperor
Sima Yan was the 3rd emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and the key word was "Su Jun's Rebellion".
Because Sima Yan was young when he ascended the throne, most of the power was in the hands of the ministers Wang Dao and Yu Liang.
Yu Liang was Sima Yan's uncle, and in order to regain imperial power, he vigorously excluded the Wang clan headed by Wang Dao.
Yu Liang's rule, against Wang Dao's leniency, enforced the law in a hurry, and eventually led to the rebellion of Su Jun and Zu Yue in 327.
In 328, the city of Jiankang was breached again, Yu Liang fled, the 7-year-old young emperor Sima Yan was placed under house arrest, and the 31-year-old empress dowager Yu Wenjun committed suicide.
In 329, the general Tao Kan of the Western Expedition invaded jiankang city, Su Jun and Zu Yue were killed successively, and Su Jun's rebellion was put to rest.
To add, Zuyo's brother is Zu Ti, and the most famous story about Zu Ti is the smell of chickens dancing. Tao Kan had a great-grandson named Tao Yuanming.
In 342, Sima Yan died of illness at the age of 22 and reigned for 18 years.
After Sima Yan's death, his younger brother Sima Yue, 21, succeeded to the throne as Emperor Kang of Jin.
Jin Kandi
Sima Yue was the 4th emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and the key word was "great calligrapher".
Sima Yue's ascension to the throne was an accident.
Because his elder brother Sima Yan had two sons, named Sima Pi and Sima Yi, both of whom were still in their infancy.
Yu Bing was afraid of losing his power, so he made Sima Yue emperor on the grounds that Sima Pi was young.
Sima Yue was also a short-lived emperor, and he died of illness in 344 at the age of 23.
Sima Yue reigned for only three years and had no major political achievements, but his calligraphy was very profound, and his representative work "Lu Nü Ti" was included in the Song Dynasty's "Chunhua Ge Ti". The Chunhua Ge Ti is the earliest Fa Ti in China that collects calligraphy and ink from various schools, and is later known as the crown of the Chinese Fa Ti and the "Ancestor of Cong Ti".
After Sima Yue's death, his 2-year-old eldest son Sima Tan succeeded to the throne and was known as Emperor Mu of Jin.
Emperor Mu of Jin
Sima Tan was the 5th emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, with the keyword "Huan Wen Rising".
Because of his young age, he was run by his mother, Empress Chu, and assisted by He Chong. After He Chong's death, he was assisted by Situ Cai Mo and Sima Yu the Prince of Ji.
During the reign of Emperor Mu of Jin, Shi Hu of the Later Zhao Dynasty in the north fell ill and died, and the Central Plains were in chaos.
The Eastern Jin Dynasty court took the opportunity to order Chu Qi and Yin Hao to carry out the Northern Expedition, but they were unsuccessful.
During this period, Huan Wen rose, first in the Northern Expedition to Guanzhong, and defeated Former Qin. Later, he destroyed the Cheng Han who had established the state in Sichuan, and recaptured Luoyang in 356, although it was soon retreated due to the lack of grain transportation, and the territory of the Eastern Jin Dynasty was still expanded.
In 361, Sima Tan died of illness at the age of nineteen and reigned for 17 years.
After Sima Nie's death, because he was childless, at the suggestion of Empress Dowager Chu, his 21-year-old cousin Sima Pi succeeded to the throne, and was known as the Emperor of Jin.
Emperor Of Jin
Sima Pi, the 6th emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, coined the word "poisoning by drugs".
Sima Pi was the eldest son of Sima Yan, the Emperor of Jincheng, and a cousin of Sima Yan, the Emperor of Jin.
The Emperor of Jin was supposed to succeed his father Emperor Jincheng on the throne, but was unable to take the throne due to the advice of his courtier Yu Bing.
During this period, the general Huan Wen was in charge, and the Jin Emperor was like a puppet.
Soon after the Jin Emperor ascended the throne, he became obsessed with the art of immortality, and according to the immortal method taught by the Taoists, he broke the valley and took Dan medicine, and as a result, the Jin Emperor took the medicine and could not listen to the government, so Empress Chu came to the court again.
In 365, the Jin Emperor died of drug poisoning in the Taiji Temple at the age of 25 and reigned for 5 years.
Sima Pi was also childless, so after his death, his 24-year-old brother Sima Yi succeeded to the throne, and was known as the Deposed Emperor of Jin.
Emperor Jin deposed
Sima Yi was the 7th emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and the key word was "forced not to lift".
Sima Yi reigned for six years, and when he ascended the throne, the government was under the control of Huan Wen, a powerful minister.
Huan Wen intended to depose Sima Yi and proclaim himself emperor, but Sima Yi himself had no fault to speak of, and Huan Wen pointed out that Sima Yi was inhumane, and deposed Sima Yi as the King of the East Sea in 371, and then moved to Wu County after being demoted to the Duke of Haixi.
Sima Yi was frustrated by this setback, and fearing another calamity, he vainly pretended to be clever and secretly lived.
In Wu County, Sima Yi became addicted to wine and died in 386 at the age of 45.
After Sima Yi was deposed in 371, Huan Wenli made the 52-year-old Sima Yu emperor, known as Emperor Jianwen of Jin.
Emperor Wen of Jin
Sima Yu was the 8th emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, with the keyword "dying edict".
He was the younger son of Sima Rui, the founding emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and was the uncle of the previous emperor Sima Yi.
After Sima Yu succeeded to the throne, everything was obeyed by Huan Wen, like a puppet, and after only eight months on the throne, he collapsed due to grief and anger, at the age of 53.
In July 372, Sima Yu was critically ill, declared his son Changming the crown prince, and within a day and a night, issued four edicts in a row, inviting Huan Wen of Sima Zhen (present-day Dangtu County, Anhui Province) to assist the government in Beijing.
Huan Wen ignored it, and Sima Yu had no choice but to write a will authorizing Huan Wen to be the regent of the zhou gong's assistance to the king; if the crown prince was not worthy of assistance, he could take his place and claim the title of emperor himself.
Later, under the persuasion of Xie An and Wang Tan, on his deathbed, he rewrote the edict as "The old practice of reporting all family and state affairs to sima dai, such as Zhuge Wuhou (Zhuge Liang) and Wang Cheng Xiang (Wang Dao)." "
After Sima Yu's death, the 21-year-old crown prince Sima Yao succeeded to the throne as Emperor Xiaowu of Jin.
Emperor Xiaowu of Jin
Sima Yao was the 9th emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, with the keyword "Battle of Shuishui".
Sima Yao reigned for 25 years, the most important emperor in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
During this period, King Tan of Xie'an foiled Huan Wen's conspiracy to usurp the throne, turning the dynasty into a safe place.
In 383, there was a "Battle of Shuishui" with Former Qin, and under the leadership of Xie An, the Former Qin army was defeated.
Sima Yao took advantage of the gap in the talent gap of the Shi clan's door valve to work to break through the pattern of door valve politics and restore Sima Shi's imperial power.
He replaced Xie An with his younger brother Sima Daozi and became the most powerful monarch since the founding of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
After Xie An's death, social contradictions gradually sharpened, and Emperor Xiaowu "drowned in wine".
In 396, due to drunken jokes, he was smothered by Zhang Guiren's palace maid with a quilt, at the age of 45.
After Sima Yao's death, his 15-year-old eldest son Sima Dezong succeeded to the throne, and he was known as Emperor An of Jin.
Emperor An of Jin
Sima Dezong was the 10th emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, with the keyword "idiot emperor".
Sima Dezong reigned for 23 years and was a famous idiot emperor in history. According to history, he could not even distinguish between winter and summer.
Therefore, the policy of the imperial court was mainly presided over by Sima Dezong's uncle Sima Daozi the Prince of Huiji and his son Sima Yuanxian.
During this period, chaos occurred frequently, and the country's strength declined day by day.
Huan Wen's Huan Xuan took the opportunity to attack Jiankang from Jiangling, deposed and killed Sima Daozi and Yuan Xian's father and son, and finally usurped the throne as emperor on January 1, 404, changing the name of the country to Chu, and demoting Emperor An to the Prince of Pinggu.
On March 24, Liu Yu raised an army to attack Huan Xuan, and Huan Xuan's army was defeated. On June 19, Huan Xuan was killed and Emperor An was restored to the throne. After that, the power was returned to Liu Yu.
In 419, Liu Yu sent the eunuch Wang Shaozhi to kill Sima De'anle in Dongtang at the age of 37.
Why strangle an idiot? First, he couldn't find his fault. Second, he is young and strong, while Liu Yu is old. Third, he has no intention of giving way. In short, Liu Yu couldn't wait.
Sima Dezong's empress was called Wang Shen'ai, her grandfather was wang Xizhi, and her father was wang xianzhi.
After Sima Dezong's death, his 35-year-old brother Sima Dewen succeeded to the throne and was known as Emperor Gong of Jin.
Emperor Gong of Jin
Sima Dewen was the 11th emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and the keyword "suffocated by a quilt".
Sima Dewen reigned for 2 years, and he was only a transitional emperor.
After killing Sima Dezong, Liu Yu himself intended to proclaim himself emperor, but due to Tu Chen's statement, there were two emperors after Emperor Xiaowu of Jin, and in order to comply with Tu Chen's words, Liu Yu appointed Sima Dewen as emperor.
On July 5, 420, Liu Yu ordered his men to draft a good edict on the throne of Zen and entered the palace to force Sima Dewen to copy it.
Sima Dewen gladly accepted, copied the edict, and said to the left and right: "When Huan Xuan usurped the throne, the Jin Dynasty had already lost the world, because of Liu Gong (Liu Yu), which extended the state for nearly twenty years. Today, I am willing to do this. "
Liu Yujian Song demoted Sima Dewen to the rank of King of Lingling, and the Eastern Jin Dynasty fell.
Sima Dewen, fearing being poisoned by Liu Yu, spent all day in the same room with Empress Chu, and all the food and drink were also taken care of by Empress Chu herself.
On November 10, 421, Liu Yu sent Empress Chu's brother Chu Tanzhi to visit him under false pretenses, and his soldiers took the opportunity to cross the wall into Sima Dewen's room, put the poisoned wine in front of him, and forced him to drink quickly.
Sima Dewen shook his head and refused: "In Buddhist teachings, it is said that if a person commits suicide, he cannot be reincarnated again. ”
The soldier dragged him to the bed, covered his face with a quilt, and strangled him to death at the age of 36.
Two Jin dynasty diagrams