"Romance of the Three Kingdoms" Liu Beisan Gu Maolu, the story of inviting Zhuge Liang out of the mountain can be described as a household name.
However, who knows, Liu Bocheng, the god of war of a generation, has also taken care of Maolu three times to invite a defeated general?
Marshal Liu Bocheng dress photo
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="3" >01, Nanjing Military Academy</h1>
In July 1950, Liu Bocheng, then president of the Southwest People's Revolutionary University and commander of the Second Field Army, proposed to the Central Military Commission to run a group of senior military schools in order to promote the regularization and modernization of the Platon Army and train commanders who meet the requirements of modern warfare.
On October 27, Liu Bocheng arrived in Beijing from Chongqing to participate in the preparation of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Army University.
On November 13, Liu Bocheng also submitted to the Central Military Commission the "Opinion on The Establishment of Military Academies", proposing that the Army University be renamed the Military Academy and that the site of the school be temporarily located in Nanjing.
The Central Military Commission agreed to Liu Bocheng's proposal and decided to establish the Chinese People's Liberation Army Military Academy on the basis of the former North China and East China Military and Political Universities, and appointed Liu Bocheng as the director of the Military Academy.
On January 15, 1951, the military academy of the people's liberation army of the Chinese was established in Nanjing (so it was also known as the Nanjing Military Academy), and Liu Bocheng served as the dean and political commissar.
Liu Bocheng was no stranger to the establishment of military academies, and during the Red Army period, he served as the principal and political commissar of the Central Military and Political School.
On March 11, 1950, Liu Bocheng founded the Southwest People's Revolutionary University and served as its president.
The Nanjing Military Academy, which includes the Departments of Navy, Air Force, Artillery, Armored Corps, Anti-Chemical Warfare Corps, and Intelligence, is a military academy with a complete range of services, and is also the highest institution of learning for the Chinese People's Liberation Army to train senior commanders and senior staff officers in the army at that time.
Nanjing Military Academy
In order to run well this people's liberation army's first institution of higher learning where various services and arms are integrated.
Liu Bocheng vomited blood, bowed down, and ate and ate.
In the early days of the school, Liu Bocheng faced a big problem - a serious lack of teachers.
There were many brave and good warriors in the PLA army, but at that time, most of the generals, including those born at the Whampoa Military Academy, did not undergo formal military theoretical education.
They only learned and fought while fighting in the years of combat, accumulated combat experience through actual combat, and tempered their military level.
Education in military theory is relatively vacant, which is obviously very unfavorable to the regularization and modernization of the PLA.
Liu Bocheng was well aware of this problem very early on, and he pointed out:
"A large part of the main forces in our Party come from general cadres. These mainstay figures are related to the safety and security of the success or failure of China's modernization, and only by strictly controlling these HG figures and cultivating their abilities in organization and training can our army's modernization cause be raised to a higher level. But most of today's comrades are from workers and peasants, and if they are not supplemented culturally, science and technology and national defense are very dangerous! ”
However, to let these generals command the battle, it is certainly invincible, invincible, and invincible, and if they can teach in the military academy, they will not be able to catch it.
In order to solve this problem, Liu Bocheng racked his brains and frowned, and finally he decided to select some people with solid military theories from among the captured generals of the Kuomintang to serve as instructors.
Compared with the plaster generals, although they were defeated generals on the battlefield, the reason why they were defeated was often the trend of the times, non-manpower could be recovered, they also had merit on the battlefield, and their military theoretical level was really good.
They are trained and can quickly replenish resources.
At that time, Liu Bocheng had a crush on a person, he was a legendary general of a generation and the commander of the reorganized 70th Division, Chen Yiding.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="95" >02, Legendary General</h1>
Chen Yiding, character and new, Suqian, Jiangsu, born in 1906.
In 1925, Chen Yiding was admitted to the Whampoa Military Academy and became the third phase of the Whampoa Military Academy, with cadets divided into two sections, infantry and cavalry, nine teams of infantry, and only one team of cavalry.
The opening ceremony was held on July 1, and on January 17, 1926, the graduation ceremony was held, and a total of 1225 people graduated
Compared with the first, second and later four phases, the third phase of the Whampoa Military Academy is slightly less famous, but the success rate is also very high.
For example, Zhu Yunqing, chief of staff of the Red Army, Huang Gongluo, commander of the Red 3Rd Army (along with Lin Biao, Peng Dehuai, and Wu Zhonghao, also known as Mao Zedong's Four Xiao Generals), Liu Zhidan, founder of the Red Army in northern Shaanxi, Chen Qihan, founding lieutenant general Ni Zhiliang, founding lieutenant general Chang Qiankun, and founding lieutenant general Zeng Zesheng (former commander of the 60th Army of the Dian Army) and others.
On the Kuomintang side, there were Wang Yaowu, Dai Anlan, Fang Xianjue, Li Tianxia, Shi Jue, Kang Ze, and others.
Chen Yiding
Chen Yiding was born in the third term, although he was not very famous, his talent was very outstanding.
After graduating from the Whampoa Military Academy, Chen Yiding served as a second lieutenant platoon leader of the 4th Company of the 2nd Battalion of the 3rd Regiment (Regiment Commander Zhang Zhizhong) of the Whampoa Military Academy's Fourth Enlisted Cadet Corps.
In March 1926, Chen Yiding was promoted to captain of the 3rd Company of the 1st Battalion of the 3rd Regiment of the 3rd Regiment (Commander Wang Bailing) of the 1st Division (Division Commander Wang Bailing).
He soon participated in the Northern Expedition and experienced battles such as Mianhu and Nanchang, successively serving as the battalion commander of the 3rd Battalion of the 1st Regiment (Regiment Commander Zhang Lie), the 3rd Battalion Commander of the 1st Regiment (Regiment Commander Zhang Lie), the 5th Brigade (Brigade Commander Tu Sizong) the 2nd Division (Division Commander Tu Sizong) the 10th Regiment (Regiment Commander Zheng Dongguo) The 3rd Battalion Major Battalion Commander; the 3rd Division (Division Commander Mao Bingwen) the 9th Brigade (Brigade Commander Li Siyu) The 18th Regiment (Regiment Commander Feng Jianfei) Lieutenant Colonel Regiment; the 87th Division (Division Commander Zhang Zhizhong) Staff Office (Director Zhang Duo) Lieutenant Colonel Staff Officer In October 1933, he was promoted to the position of colonel of the 521st Regiment of the 261st Brigade (Brigade Commander Liu Anqi) of the 87th Division (Division Commander Wang Jingjiu).
During the Northern Expedition and the Central Plains Scuffle, Chen Yiding performed well, remarkable, but he did not show the mountains and water, and steadily promoted.
In October 1935, Chen Yiding was promoted to major general of the 261st Brigade (two regiments under the jurisdiction of the brigade) of the 87th Division (division commander Shen Fazao).
The 87th Division was well-equipped and very effective, and was one of the three German mechanic divisions (the other two being Sun Yuanliang's 88th Division and Song Xilian's 36th Division), and was also an elite unit of Chiang Kai-shek's Central Army.
German mechanic
In 1937, after the outbreak of the Battle of Songhu, Zhang Zhizhong, commander of the Beijing-Shanghai Garrison, was promoted to commander-in-chief of the Ninth Army, leading the 87th and 88th Divisions to take the lead in attacking the Japanese army in Shanghai, and then the Teaching Corps and the 36th Division of the Division returning from Xi'an Qianli also arrived on the battlefield, becoming the first central army to engage the Japanese invading China after the outbreak of the all-out War of Resistance Against Japan.
On the battlefield of the Battle of Songhu, Chen Yiding and his brother troops fought tenaciously and fought with Chinese blood, dealing a heavy blow to the Japanese Kou.
Unfortunately, due to the disparity in strength between China and Japan, the Chinese anti-japanese army fought fiercely for three months, and finally ended in defeat, forced to retreat, and Shanghai fell.
After withdrawing from the Songhu battlefield, Chen Yiding concurrently served as the commander of the Zhenjiang Garrison District and participated in the defense of Nanjing.
Chen Yiding led the troops in a bloody battle, and Ni Guoding, the chief of staff under his command, two other battalion commanders and more than thirty subordinate cadres were all sacrificed.
Major General Xiao Shanling, deputy commander of the Gendarmerie of the Nanjing Garrison Army, commander of the Capital Gendarmerie, director of the Capital Police Department, wartime Mayor of Nanjing, acting commander of the Nanjing Garrison, and commander of the Air Defense Command; Wan Quance, chief of staff of the First Brigade of the Central Military Academy; Lan Yundong, chief of staff of the Major General of the 10th Division; Li Lanchi, deputy commander of the Major General of the 112th Division of the 57th Army; Situ Fei, chief of staff of the 160th Division of the 66th Army; Liu Guoyong, deputy brigade commander of the 174th Brigade of the 58th Division of the 74th Army; Yao Zhongying, chief of staff of the 156th Division of the 83rd Army; and Luo Cequn, deputy commander of the 159th Division Major General Yi Anhua of the 259th Brigade of the 87th Division; Zhu Chi, Commander of the 262nd Brigade of the 88th Division; And Gao Zhisong, Commander of the 264th Brigade of the 88th Division, and other generals were martyred.
The defense of Nanjing was the last song of the German mechanized division, and the two divisions suffered heavy losses in the battle and retreat.
Wang Jingjiu, commander of the 71st Army and commander of the 87th Division, was also dismissed from his post in Henan after retreating to Jiangbei; Sun Yuanliang, commander of the 72nd Army and commander of the 88th Division, threw his troops into hiding and fled back to Wuhan and was detained; the only thing that survived was that he was spared
The commander of the 36th Division, Song Xilian, but the 36th Division was also badly damaged.
After the defense of Nanjing, the remnants of the 87th Division and the 88th Division were combined with the 36th Division to form the 71st Army, with Song Xilian as the commander and participating in the subsequent Battle of Wuhan.
Chen Yiding served as the deputy commander of the 87th Division and the brigade commander of the 261st Brigade (division commander Xiang Fengwu).
Later, during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Chen Yiding successively served as the commander of the 67th Division, the deputy commander of the 86th Army (Commander Fang Riying) and the commander of the 67th Division; and the deputy commander of the 70th Army (Commander Chen Kongda).
On October 15, 1945, after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Chen Yiding was promoted to lieutenant general of the 70th Army, and led his troops across the strait to receive Taiwan from the Japanese army and held a surrender ceremony.
Therefore, Chen Yiding is known as a "legendary general".
It is no exaggeration to say that Chen Yiding is a well-deserved famous general of the War of Resistance and a national hero.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="96" >03, defeated general</h1>
In September 1946, the 70th Army was reorganized into the 70th Division (under the jurisdiction of the 139th Brigade and the 140th Brigade of the Reorganized Division), with Chen Yiding as the commander of the division and Huang Guohua as the deputy commander, under the jurisdiction of the reorganized 75th Brigade, with Luo Zhedong as the brigade commander; the 107th Reorganized Brigade, Huang Guohua as the brigade commander, was ordered to garrison Taiwan.
In January 1947, in order to strengthen the military strength of the East China Battlefield, Chiang Kai-shek transferred the 70th Division from Taiwan to Xuzhou, and at the same time changed the renaming of the reorganized 75th Brigade to the 193rd Brigade, with Luo Zhedong as the brigade commander; the 107th Brigade was renamed the 140th Brigade, with Xie Maoquan as the brigade commander.
After that, the 70th Division sailed to Shandong and successively participated in the Battle of Ju (Ye) Jin (Township) and Yu (Tai) and the Battle of Southwest Lu.
At this time, Liu Bocheng, commander of the Jinji-Hebei Luyu Field Army of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, and Deng Xiaoping, political commissar, led the main force to cross the Yellow River in the south, attacked the outer line, and attacked Shandong.
Gu Zhutong, commander-in-chief of the Kuomintang Army and commander of the Xuzhou Command, urgently ordered Chen Yiding to lead his troops to reinforce Southwest Lu.
This time, Chen Yiding faced a stormy blow from the 1st Column commanded by Liu Bocheng (Commander Yang Yong, Political Commissar Su Zhenhua, Deputy Commander Zhao Jimei) and 6th Column (Commander Wang Hongkun, Political Commissar Duan Junyi, Deputy Commanders Wang Jinshan and Wei Jie).
On 14 July, the headquarters of the reorganized 70th Division and the 140th Brigade were completely annihilated by the 1st Column in the breakout.
Chen Yiding and Major General Luo Zhedong, deputy commander of the division, and others were captured.
Chen Yiding did not play much on the battlefield of the Liberation War, and he was confused and became a prisoner of the People's Liberation Army.
However, Liu Bocheng was well aware of the military talent of this famous general of the Nationalist Army.
Therefore, he was successively recommended to serve as a military researcher of the Military Training Department of the General Staff of the People's Liberation Army and a military instructor at the East China Military and Political University.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="97" >04, Sangu Maolu</h1>
After Liu Bocheng founded the Military Academy, his first thought was to ask Chen Yiding to come out of the mountain as a teacher.
To this end, Liu Bocheng personally came to Chen Yiding's home near Baixia Road in Nanjing.
Liu Bocheng
After a moment of greeting, Liu Bocheng went straight to the subject and said to Chen Yiding:
"The central government appointed me as the dean of the military academy, but there is a serious shortage of teachers, especially teachers like Mr. Chen, who have both theoretical and practical experience. I came to the door this time to invite Mr. Chen and implore Mr. Chen to take up his post at the academy. ”
In the face of Liu Bocheng's warm invitation, Chen Yiding first expressed his gratitude, but he did not let go of his ideological baggage and did not want to serve the People's Liberation Army.
He declined:
"Our people are defeated generals under the People's Liberation Army and have no ability."
Liu Bocheng said excitedly:
"Mr. Chen, our army must face the future and meet the challenges of new military theories and modes of war, and we also have our own native-born instructors, but they are not enough, and we must give full play to your wisdom and talents."
However, Liu Bocheng gowed his invitation, but Chen Yiding was indifferent, and Liu Bocheng had to give up.
Two days later, Liu Bocheng and his secretary visited the door for the second time.
When he saw Chen Yiding lying on the bed with a cold and flu, Liu Bocheng said:
"If you are sick, rest well, and then report when you are well."
Chen Yiding hurriedly replied:
"General Liu, I have thought about it, the Nanjing Military Academy is a higher education institution of the People's Liberation Army, and the people trained are commanders in key positions. No matter how well I talked about the theory class, after all, I was a defeated general and had no appeal. ”
Liu Bocheng interrupted him and said:
"This is a poor statement, 'Western soldier saint' Clausewitz said that military science is the science of experience. Examples in history, in empirical science, serve as the strongest evidence. ”
But no matter how Liu Bocheng did ideological work, Chen Yiding did not cheerfully agree, but was ambiguous and resigned left and right.
Liu Bocheng's second invitation ended in failure.
Soon, Liu Bocheng came to visit for the third time, and this time Liu Bocheng did not immediately mention the matter of the military academy, but instead pulled Chen Yiding to the Guanghua Gate by car and said:
"Mr. Chen, when you commanded the troops to fight devils here, do you remember the situation at that time?"
During the Defense of Nanjing during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Chen Yiding led his troops in a bloody battle with the Japanese at Guanghua Gate. The Battle of Guanghuamen was the fiercest battle in the defense of Nanjing, and Chen Yiding had too many comrades-in-arms and subordinates who were martyred here.
Battle of Guanghua Gate
At this time, he revisited the old place, and he was full of emotions and said excitedly:
"I'll never forget that."
Liu Bocheng took the opportunity to say:
"The ancients said: 'Victory is difficult to worry about the enemy, and three folds is a good doctor.' Life is not frustrated, and you can find yourself. 'Mr. Chen, looking back, can we sum up a few lessons? ”
Sincerely, the golden stone is open. At liu Bocheng's repeated invitations, Chen Yiding finally agreed to serve as a teacher at the Nanjing Military Academy.
Since then, Chen Yiding has devoted himself to his duties at the Nanjing Military Academy, made every effort to teach the cadets, make his own contributions to the modernization of the Platon Army, and realize the value of his life.
This is the story of Liu Bocheng's three Gu Maolu who are humble and nostalgic.
Liu Bocheng spoke at the Military Academy
Liu Bocheng was the commander of the four major field armies of the People's Liberation Army, and later ranked fourth among the ten founding marshals, and was one of the most senior generals in the People's Liberation Army.
Regardless of his own identity, he laid down his dignity and invited a general of a defeated army to teach three times, and his noble sentiments were evident from this, not inferior to Liu Bei to Zhuge Liang.
With his broad mind and the boldness of bringing together the world's talents, Liu Bocheng appointed more than 600 Kuomintang officers as military instructors.
Under the leadership and invitation of Liu Bocheng, these instructors played an important role in the teaching of military theory in our army, cultivated many outstanding generals, and made great contributions to the modernization of national defense in New China.