Luo Yin image
Legend has it that he "failed to pass ten examinations", that is, he took the imperial examination ten times, and did not pass the examination ten times, and he was a standard "repeat student". Repeatedly falling off the list, is it because his IQ is not online?
The Biography of Tang Caizi says that he is "young and sensitive, good at literature, and poetic writing", which does not seem to be an IQ problem. The reason why he fell off the list was: "Extremely ugly looking, speaking a vernacular language."
He is the Tang Dynasty poet Luo Yin, and any Chinese primary school student knows his famous sentence "After picking a hundred flowers into nectar, for whom is it sweet?" So, why did a famous poet "fail to try ten times"? Is it all because of ugliness?
Luo Yin (833-910), formerly known as Luo Heng, was a native of Yuhang Xincheng (present-day Fuyang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang). Luo Heng's poems and compositions are extraordinary and are respected by people at the time. He himself was quite conceited: "Weak crown negative Wen Han, listen to the deer chirping in this." Let the king extend to the bed, and the time looks forward to the future. A friend was raised, and Luo Heng sent a poem, and the friend's father, if he had received the most precious treasure, said: "My son and the first I am not happy, I am happy to be able to get a poem by Luo Gong." Luo Heng's poems are more important than his own son Zhongju, and what this father said is not necessarily true, but the compliment to Luo Heng is in place.
In the thirteenth year of junior high school (859), Luo Heng left Piece Cihang and went to the Beijing Division to take the Jinshike examination. The criteria for selecting talents in the Tang Empire were still quite high, with a total of four items: "One is the body, the physique is magnificent; the second is the speech, the rhetoric is correct; the third is the book, the law is beautiful; and the fourth is the judgment, and the literature is excellent." That is to say, the entrance examination is not only a test of poetry countermeasures, but also a look at the appearance: "physical appearance is magnificent", while Luo Heng looks like a monkey, short, dark skin, and a very abstract appearance. Such a dignified appearance, being a government official, will affect the prestige of the official. Therefore, although Luo Hengcai excelled in learning, he took the entrance examination for the first time and was still excluded from the admission list. The examiner said in his comments: "Extremely ugly looking, speak a vernacular".
In the Tang Dynasty, the wind of asking for help and counseling was rampant, especially the entrance examination, which almost became a game for the powerful and nobles, and those who had no power and no money could only stand on the sidelines. In the fourteenth year of da zhong (860), "Thirty people who ascended to the throne ... They are all the sons of courtiers, and their words are not really talented", including the former prime minister, the current hezhong jiedushi linghuhu's son Linghu. As a cloth cloth, Luo Heng fell to the first place again without suspense, but reality did not allow him to be sad. Ling Fox was one of the few connections he could climb, and with tears in his eyes, he wrote a poem congratulating Ling Fox Denko and presented it to Ling Fox. Ling Huxi read Luo Heng's poems and appreciated his talent very much, recommending him to participate in the next year's entrance examination.
However, ling hu was after all an old courtier of the former dynasty, and had just been liquidated out of the central government by the newly enthroned Tang Yizong, and his recommendation could not play much role, and may even play a negative role. In the second year of Xiantong (861), Luo Heng took the entrance examination for the third time and fell behind again.
Among the Tang Dynasty scholars, Luo Heng was a very special being, his appearance was ugly, his mouth was still in debt, and he was sarcastic without a smack. The Biography of Tang Caizi says that he is "simple and arrogant, talks loudly, and is full of people." Good humor, feel the hair.". Once, luo Heng was crossing the river by boat and saw an official losing his temper with the boatman, so he deliberately said loudly to the boatman: "Which official is this?" I have a pen in the seam of my toe, and I can top a few of them! The official's name was Wei Yifan, who was then the Assassin of Longzhou, a provincial-level leading cadre, and secretly wrote down this arrogant scholar who did not know the height of the sky.
Luo Heng "thought he was of great use", but he was repeatedly deposed, and he always showed his unfairness, writing many poems that satirized the current politics and bureaucrats, one of which was "Spring Wind": "I also know that I deliberately boast and cut, and compete for the good and evil in the world." But the chaff was fine, waiting to be lifted to Qingyun. "Translated into the vernacular: Spring Wind, I know that you are in a hurry to send Spring into the world, but you score good and evil!" You see those chaff, you have sent qingyun! If you think about it with your heels, you know who the spring breeze in the poem refers to, and who the chaff refers to.
Once passing by Huaqing Palace, he remembered the story of Tang Xuanzong Li Longji and the noble concubine Yang Yuhuan, so he gave a poem to the "Huaqing Palace": "The building hall has many layers of good atmosphere, and the new century season is a good song." He also knew that Desheng Yao Shun, Consort Yang Xie LaughEd He. The poem says that the huaqing palace is full of auspicious atmosphere, and the new century season is even more night and night. That person knew how to be morally superior to Yao Shun, so why should he make Yang Guifei happy!
Lishan Huaqing Palace Hot Spring
In the eighth year of Xiantong (867), Luo Heng compiled his satirical prose into the Book of Rumors. One of them is "Words of Heroes", mentioning that Liu Bang, the ancestor of Han Gao, once said that "my living room should be like Qin Shi Huang", Xiang Yu, the king of Chu, once said "I can replace Qin Shi Huang", and Luo Heng said that these two so-called "heroic words" are actually the logic of thieves. He also laughed at himself in the preface: "I have been in the capital for seven years, hungry and cold, and almost like a normal person. In the first month of Ding Hai's year, I took this book and scolded myself: 'Others use books to gain honor, but you use them to humiliate yourself; others use books to get rich, but you get poor because of it.' So my book is just flattering myself, let's call it a book of slander. ”
Luo Heng was right in saying that he had compiled this book to "humiliate himself" himself. Tang Yizong quickly pulled him into the blacklist and could never be hired!
In the Tang Dynasty, there were many subjects in the imperial examination, the process was long, and the procedures were complicated. Each region takes the spring exam, but it is concentrated in Kyoto in the autumn and winter. It is not easy to live in the capital, most of the children's families are poor, unable to provide adequate security, their lives are quite difficult; and because they have left their hometowns, their mood is also quite desolate. The pre-examination procedures were subjected to all kinds of reprimands, and when entering the examination room, they were also subjected to all kinds of insults, and the officials came and drank, without the slightest regard for the face of the readers. Due to the long period of difficulty in the field, Luo Heng was "cold and hungry, and he did not look like ordinary people", and in order to survive, he had to "pass on the food to the princes". That is, throwing poems and offerings everywhere, lamenting and pleading for recommendations. After several scientific expeditions, Luo Heng was 35 years old, and when he reached middle age, he had both old and young, and a family of more than a dozen people was waiting to be fed, and he had to consider joining the world to find a job and get some subsistence salary.
The official Wailang Yu Huan had been widely praised by Luo Heng, and in the winter of the tenth year of Xiantong (869), he served as an envoy to Hunan, and Luo Heng hurriedly revised the book "Submission to Hunan Yu Chang Shi Qi", requesting that Yu Huan be appointed as an official or recommend him to participate in the examination of the official's book judgment. Yu Huan had a compassionate heart and won him an official position as the lord of Hengyang County. However, Yu Huan's two subordinates thought it inappropriate for Luo Heng to be the master. Luo Heng cherished the position and couldn't understand what had offended them, or whether it was just because of their ugly appearance that made them feel uncomfortable. Although he was very upset, he did not want to make Yu Huan feel embarrassed, and when there was a famine in Jiangnan that year, he took advantage of the situation to leave and return to his hometown to visit.
When Luo Heng first went to the capital to participate in the entrance examination, he walked to Zhongling (present-day Nanchang County, Jiangxi Province), stayed overnight in a restaurant, and met a prostitute named Yunying. Ten years passed in the blink of an eye, Luo Heng returned home on leave, passed through Zhong Ling again, or stayed at that restaurant, who expected to receive him or Yunying girl. Luo Heng laughed and said, "Miss Yunying, you are still here!" Yun Ying also clapped her hands and laughed, saying, "Luo Xiucai hasn't taken off his white clothes yet!" "White clothes, ancient civilian clothes, borrowed to refer to people who have no meritorious name and no official position." Yunying joked that Luo Heng was not a middle-aged soldier, still a flat-headed commoner, Luo Heng was not angry, and gave a poem on the spot, "Gifting The Prostitute Yunying": "Zhong Ling was drunk for more than ten springs, and saw Yunying's palm again." I am not famous and unmarried, and I may be inferior! "Ten years later, I see you Yunying again, and my figure is still light and beautiful." You didn't marry out, I didn't become famous, we are half a pound, each other, each other, may have inferior places, no one has to laugh at anyone! As for whether it was really "inferior to people", Luo Heng might not think so in his heart. But he was able to easily face the ridicule of prostitutes, and juxtaposed the marriage of prostitutes at the bottom of society with the titles of the gold list on the tall, which also showed that his novelty was not superficial kung fu, but really very different from the average literati doctor.
After settling down the family, Luo Heng went up against the water and then went to Hengyang to take up his post, and when he arrived in Detan Prefecture, he was informed that Yu Huan was demoted to Yuan Prefecture because he was implicated by his younger brother Yu Chun, and his position as the lord of Hengyang, Bo, had fallen behind.
In the fourth year of Qianfu (877), Zheng Bi became prime minister. It is said that when Zheng Bi's daughter read Luo Heng's poems and saw two sentences, "Zhang Huachen came out of Rudan, not as good as Liu Hou's paper book", she was very moved, and every day she pulled on her father's sleeve and asked to see Luo Heng. Zheng Bi was not only a high-ranking official, but also one of the most famous poets in the late Tang Dynasty, who recognized Luo Heng's talent very much, and since his daughter wanted to see Luo Heng alive and dead, he arranged for him to come to the house as a guest and let her "hang the curtain and peep at it".
In the mind of the little sister, the beautiful sentence is associated with the image of a handsome man. When Luo crossed into the living room, the little sister with two starry eyes opened the curtain and peeked at it: "Oh mom! Is this a human being? The "animal" in front of him looked like a monkey, small, dark-skinned, and indescribably good-looking. In that era when the aesthetics were still normal, it was not popular to be a "die-hard fan", and the little sister quickly blacked out Luo Heng, "no longer remembering", and even "never singing his poems." ”
Despite being treated unfairly and being blacklisted by women because of their appearance problems, Luo Heng did not care, but often fought for women. Some ancients liked to compare women to red faces and bad water, and any dynasty that was in turmoil would be considered to be a woman's doing, such as Xi Shi, Zhao Feiyan, Bao Ji, etc., all of which were splashed with a lot of such dirty water. Luo Heng wrote a poem "Xi Shi": "The rise and fall of the family country has sometimes occurred, and the Wu people have bitterly complained about Xi Shi. If Xi Shi dissolved the State of Wu, who would be the fall of the Yue Kingdom? The Wu people blamed Xi Shi for the failure, saying that she was a red face and a curse. Luo Heng refuted the theory of water disaster in his poem: If Xi Shi overthrew the State of Wu, then who was responsible for the demise of the Yue Kingdom? If it is a truly accomplished emperor, it is impossible to be tied down by women; in the final analysis, it is still the emperors themselves who have not done a good job, so that they have ruined the ancestral country, and have to use women as scapegoats.
Xi Shi Huan Sha Tu
At the end of the first year of Guangming (880), the Huangchao rebel army captured Tongguan and quickly advanced towards Chang'an. Emperor Tang fled to Chengdu with his eunuchs. At this moment of "national difficulties", Luo Heng not only did not worry about the emperor's nobles, but wrote a poem "Emperor Xingshu": "Ma Song Mountain is colored by CuiYi, and see Luan Youyu Fortunate Shu Return." Izumi Aman should have a word, and this time Hugh complained more about Concubine Yang. "Ah Man is Ah Qi, which is the nickname of Tang Xuanzong. In the second year of the Anshi Rebellion, he avoided chaos and entered Shu and marched to Ma Songpo, "The Sixth Army did not feel helpless, like a moth to die before the horse." From the crown prince to the chancellor, they all believed that Yang Guifei was the source of the disaster and forced Tang Xuanzong to hang Yang Guifei. Looking back a hundred years ago, speaking of the immediate events, this time the Sect of Qizong caused a disaster and fled, but there is no new scapegoat!
In the third year of Guangqi (887), Luo Heng took the tenth entrance examination at the age of 54, and still returned home. This failure hit him particularly hard, and he wrote a poem "Self-Dispatch": "To sing is to sing and lose, and to be sentimental and hateful is to be leisurely." There is wine in this day and drunk in this day, and tomorrow is sad and tomorrow is sad. "It expresses a strong sense of disappointment and the hero's twilight decadence, and a hint of cynicism." From then on, he changed his name to Luo Yin, turned enterprising into anger, regarded his meritorious name as a cloud of smoke, and wanted to live a day of "there is wine in this day, drunk in this dynasty, and tomorrow is sad tomorrow."
But Luo Yin still did not let go of the heart of fame after all. In the second year of Wende (889), Tang Zhaozong changed his name to Li Ye, and Luo Yin took great pains to write a congratulatory table: "The full text of the left is Shun, and the right is the half-character of Ji Chang." The people of Beijing listed this congratulatory list as the first, and Tang Zhaozong was also very happy, thinking that although Luo Yin did not meet the recruitment standards of my Tang civil servants, but his fame was so great, should I "demote talents in an eclectic manner"? So I decided to give Luo Yin a chance to interview for a special recruitment.
Tang Zhaozong image
Luo Yin performed well, and Zhaozong was satisfied and prepared to hire him in the Jia Section. However, at the crucial moment, Wei Yifan, who had been ridiculed by Luo Yin, jumped out. He shook open Luo Yin's poetry book, found the "Huaqing Palace", read it to Zhaozong, and said that Luo Yin was clearly satirizing Emperor Xuanzong, and he was too politically qualified! Tang Zhaozong thought about it too, daring to satirize my ancestors a hundred years ago, and his courage was greater, so he crossed out Luo Yin's name.
Although Luo Yin has suffered repeated setbacks and fallen into disgrace, the celebrities cannot be lost. Luo Shaowei is Wei Bojiedushi, who is obsessed with Luo Yin's poetry, and named his poetry collection "Stealing Jiangdong Collection", which means that I stole these things from Luo Yin. According to the Luo family's generation, Luo Shaowei was one generation younger than Luo Yin. Luo Yin wanted to see Luo Shaowei and first wrote to Luo Shaowei, calling him a "nephew". The butler of the Luo family was very angry and said, "Luo Yin, a cloth cloth, dared to call the king a nephew!" Unexpectedly, Luo Shaowei did not think so, and said: "Luo Cain's name has moved the world, so many princes and ministers he can't look up to, and now he is willing to come to me, and still regard me as a nephew, this is my honor!" You don't need to say more. Then he went to the outskirts of the city to meet Luo Yin, and when they met, he would worship. Luo Yin was also not polite and accepted it calmly.
In the second year of Jingfu (893), Qian Wei, who had divided Suzhou and Hangzhou, was appointed by Emperor Zhaozong of Tang as an envoy to Zhenhai Jiedushi. Qian Hao had long heard of Luo Yin's name, and knowing that this man was very good at writing, he asked Luo Yin to draft a thank you form for him, and also invited him to enter the curtain. Luo Yin has been a hermit for several years, but he has not been running for a moment for life, and now someone has provided living expenses, so he happily agreed to Qian Wei's request to enter the curtain and became the secretary of zhenhai festival.
Qian Gong image
Although he entered the shogunate of other people's houses and served their jobs, Luo Yin was very rude to Qian, laughing and scolding, without restraint. The money collectors are harsh, and the fishermen of the West Lake must collect several pounds of fish every day, and if they do not catch enough, they can also be purchased on the market. The fisherman was overwhelmed and called it the "house fish", that is, the fish that gave money to the family. One day, Qian Wei ordered Luo Yin to write an inscription poem for the "Fishing Map of The River" on the wall, and Luo Yin thought about it a little, writing: "Lü Wang showed the temple in that year, and the straight hook fishing country was more like that." If the teacher is born on the West Lake, he must also provide for the house fish. In the poem, he borrowed Jiang Ziya's straight hook to fish, accusing Qian Of "making house fish" maladministration.
Fortunately, Qian Wei was an understanding person, and he was also a "warm man", who did not care about Luo Yin's stinky temper, and since then he withdrew the "house fish" and also asked the imperial court for Luo Yin's official. In the third year of Gwanghwa (900), the imperial court looked at Qian's face, and Ren Luoyin was the observation judge.
In the first year of Tianyou (904), Zhu Wen killed Tang Zhaozong, and his intention to usurp the throne was clearly revealed. Qian Wei specifically consulted Luo Yin: It seems that Zhu Wen is going to usurp the Li family, where should we go? Follow him?
Juwen image
Luo Yin was very excited: "Why don't you cross arms and thief, shame for the end of the ancient world!" He eagerly suggested that Qian Wei immediately raise an army against Zhu Wen and avenge Emperor Zhaozong!
Qian Wei was confused. Of course, Qian Wei is sober and will not touch the stone with an egg. He was just curious about Luo Yin's reaction: Luo Mingshi, why are you so angry? Weren't you a poisonous tongue in the past who criticized the government? Zhu Wen killed Zhaozong, you should be happy!
Soon, the important ministers of the imperial court began to choose sides, and many people saw the wind and turned to Zhu Wen. It is said that Zhu Wenjiu heard of Luo Yin's fame and summoned him with the official position of Right Counselor, but Luo Yin refused. This person who satirized the most fiercely in the government and politics finally showed the most loyalty, which made Qian Wei can't help but look at him with astonishment.
Through Qian's recommendation, in the third year of Tianyou (906), Luo Yin transferred Si Xun Langzhong to The Judge of Chong Zhenhai Jiedu; Later Liang Kaiping II (908), granted to Shi Zhong; Kaiping III (909), moved to the Salt and Iron Shipping Envoy, and did not play the title of Shu Lang. However, before Lang's approval could be obtained, Luo Yin died of illness at the age of 76. Before dying, Qian Wei personally went to visit the Luo family and inscribed a poem on the wall, which included a sentence: "The Yellow River letter has a clarification day, and future generations should be difficult to succeed in this talent", which means that the Yellow River has its own clear day, but it is difficult for future generations to have talents like you, expressing his excitement for Luo Yin and regret for the passing of talents.