The exhibition on the history of the Communist Party of China entitled "Never Forget the Initial Intention and Bear in Mind the Mission" is being held in Beijing, and in the fifth unit of the exhibition, "The Mainstay of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression of the Whole Nation," it is shown that after the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression entered the stage of strategic stalemate, the Party led the masses to create various forms of struggle and fell into the ocean of the people's war.
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In the exhibition, a number of precious historical pictures show "sparrow battles in groups of three or five, sudden east and west, and sudden appearance", "siege battles that take turns to monitor, cut off enemy supplies, and force the enemy to retreat", "Shandong railway guerrillas ambush enemy trains" and so on. In the cultural relics display cabinet, iron, stone and porcelain mines made by the militia behind the enemy lines are displayed, and the pickaxes used by the people of Jiaozhuang households in Shunyi, Hebei Province, to dig tunnels. Among them, there is also the posthumous poem "Just Words" by Zhang Lin, one of the founders of the Ranzhuang Tunnel Warfare in Hebei Province, which was found by villagers in his underwear pocket in 1943 after the death of Zhang Lin, who was only 34 years old. The poem reads: Scales and wounds are all over the body as an apprentice, and the mountains and rivers have not been restored. The enemy chief forced the book to surrender, vowing to stain the spring and autumn with green blood. People go to stay heroic and souls, and arouse the people to avenge the country.
Ranzhuang Village, located in Qingyuan District, Baoding City, Hebei Province, entered a difficult period in 1941 when the anti-Japanese struggle in the Jizhong Plain entered a difficult period. In May 1942, when the Japanese army began to sweep the enemy's rear base area in North China, Zhang Lin, the first secretary of the party branch of Ranzhuang Village, first dug a hidden hole in his home.
Zhang Aizhi, daughter of Zhang Forest: We have a well in our house, dig a hole in it, work there during the day, and come out again at night, and it is in that hole during the day, and the tunnel warfare starts from here. Single well, double well, multiple wells, slowly developed, connected into a piece, this well is from our home.
In the face of constant harassment by the enemy, Zhang Forest's method of "digging holes and hiding" can effectively preserve the living force and accurately strike the enemy. Therefore, he mobilized the whole village to build tunnels that could be hidden and beaten, and built bunkers, dark rooms, and gun holes in the corners of the walls at important intersections. He led the construction of tunnels throughout the village, gradually forming a network of villages and villages, connecting families and families, up to 16 kilometers long. Soon after, more than 1,000 enemy troops attacked Ranzhuang, and Zhang Forest led the team to take advantage of the tunnel and put the enemy into the village before fighting. The enemy only saw the mines explode and the bullets fly, and did not see a single figure, and finally fled in a daze. In this way, tunnel warfare and mine warfare dealt heavy blows to the Japanese army many times.
But one day in 1943, Zhang Linlin and several comrades held a meeting at their hometown, and they were closely surrounded by traitors. Zhang Linlin commanded the two patriotic students attending the meeting to escape from danger safely, stayed behind to fight fiercely with the enemy, and finally lost their bullets and were seriously wounded and captured. In prison, the enemy tortured him to draw a map of the ranzhuang tunnel.
Zhang Aizhi, daughter of Zhang Forest: (The enemy said) Confess your secret, hand over the list of party members, and give him a pen and paper. It is better to die than to be a slave to the state, this is his word, and I want to say the name of a Communist Party member from my mouth.
In the end, Zhang Forest was brutally buried alive by the enemy, and he was only 34 years old. Although the "authentic hero" Zhang Forest was sacrificed, he inspired the people of Ranzhuang to continue fighting. During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, they fought against the enemy 157 times, annihilated more than 2,100 enemies, and defended their homeland in victory, leaving a glorious page in the annals of the people's war using tunnels to resist the Japanese.
To this day, the legend of tunnel warfare still fascinates people. As a patriotic education base, the Ranzhuang Tunnel War Site attracts more than 1.5 million people every year to listen to the red story, feel the red culture, and inherit the red gene.
Visitor: How harsh the environment at the time of the battle was, and it was also in such a poor environment that it was very difficult for us to win the War of Resistance Against Japan.
Visitor: At that time, at the level of science and technology, the military and civilians at that time were not afraid of strong enemies and came up with a way of fighting such as tunnel warfare. I felt that they used their wisdom to protect themselves at that time, and I felt that this spirit of theirs was worth learning from us.
Visitor: When our Party mobilizes our masses and wages a people's war in this region, it is tantamount to mobilizing all the people, and the soldiers and the people are the basis of victory, so the final victory must belong to our Chinese people.
(CCTV reporter Xu Panpan, Shi Yilong, Hebei TV, Zhang Xu, Li Hongtao)
(Edited by Ki Toki Toki)