Above the history of youth, there is nothing strange.
One day in the late Qing Dynasty, an unclothed beggar begged along the street in Tangyi County, Shandong Province. I saw him chanting words in his mouth, even rapping and singing, sometimes dressing up as a pig and dog, and sometimes learning to bark as a donkey. Its exquisite performance and playful singing made the onlookers laugh a lot. In his lyrics, there is such a sentence: "I beg, I accumulate money, and I cultivate a righteous school for the poor." Many of the onlookers shook their heads: "The beggar still wants to cultivate righteousness, isn't this a fool's dream?"
Please note that the above ordinary but thrilling scene is not the plot of a martial arts novel, and this beggar is not a master of the beggar gang like Hong Qigong of Beiqi. His name was Wu Xun, and he was an ordinary beggar at the bottom of Chinese society at that time. However, it is this very ordinary beggar who has been passed down through the ages with an extraordinary life name, which has a great influence on the cultural and educational circles of modern China.
The only ancient qiqi who has been recorded in the history of the ancients
After more than thirty years of unremitting efforts, this beggar named Wu Xun built three righteous schools, purchased more than 300 acres of school land, and accumulated tens of thousands of school funds, which is unique in the history of education in China and in the world. The "Draft History of the Qing Dynasty" Xuantong Benji records, "He has not yet given Ji Zhao Xingxue Shandong TangYi Yi Yi Yi Qi WuXun Facts To Pay the History Museum." The deeds of Wu Xun were later compiled into the Section 286 on Filial Piety in the Draft History of the Qing Dynasty. In Chinese history, only one person who entered the history as a beggar was Wu Xun.
Wu Xun was a native of Wuzhuang (now Part of Guan County) in Tangyi County, Shandong Province, and like Lu Xun's Ah Q, he was a kind of poor person who was "so poor that he didn't even have a name", because he ranked seventh among his brothers of the same generation in the family, so he was named Wu Qi. The name Wuxun was actually a given name, and in his old age, the imperial court named him "Training" in recognition of his xingxue righteous deeds.
Mr. Liang Qichao wrote the "Xingxue Abridgement" specifically for Wuxun, praising Wuxun's righteous school of "practicing for decades, and the number of disciples who have passed away is innumerable", and he has always "spent two dollars a day and a rough meal". General Feng Yuxiang called the martial arts training "a beggar through the ages." Feng Yuxiang also shouted that "a large number of volunteer schools, the most urgent matter is the most important", and between 1932 and 1935, fifteen martial arts primary schools were founded in Shandong.
Tao Xingzhi founded the Yucai School and Zhang Boling founded the Nankai School, both of which have a lot to do with the influence of the spirit of martial arts. Mr. Tao Xingzhi's short poem "Ode to Martial Arts" summarizes the life of Wu Xun, in which it says: "Towards the twilight of the dynasty, happy and happy." All your life into old age, running around. For the sake of the bitter child, the sweet is the camel. Beneficial with people, cows and horses also do. There are no backrests, and there are not many friends. Uneducated, overshadowed. Kneeling in public, the stone turned the rudder. Do not buy family property, do not marry a wife. For a big thing, revitalize learning, revitalize learning, and revitalize learning. "The martial arts training office not only has a high reputation in China, but also has a certain influence abroad. He was included in the World Dictionary of Education, and because he had no culture, he was called a "silent educator" and a "civilian educator".
Suffering from illiteracy, he began to run a righteous school
In the eighteenth year of Qing Daoguang (1838), Wu Xun was born in Wuzhuang,Tangyi County, Shandong (now part of Guan County), from a poor family, when he was seven years old, his father died, life was more difficult, and he begged with his mother to survive. Although Wu Xun was young, he was very filial to his mother, and whenever he wanted to get clean and delicious dry food, he would definitely bring it back to his mother to eat, and he never refused to eat it himself, which was very sensible.
Every time he passed by the academy with his mother, the young WuQi had to stop for a long time, he was always deeply attracted by the sound of reading aloud inside, how eager he was to be able to read. At the time, however, in terms of his family's circumstances, going to school was just a distant dream. One day, he plucked up the courage to break into the academy and asked Mr. Private School to allow him to enroll in school for free. Mr. Private school not only did not sympathize with him, but insulted him and threw him out of the door.
At the age of fifteen, Wu Xun came to work at the home of his uncle Boss Zhang. Instead of giving him a slight favor because they were relatives, his uncle intensified his efforts to make him work more, but never paid him a salary, and often beat him and bully him when he had nothing to do. All this, Xiao Wuxun endured. At the age of seventeen, Wu Xun went to Li Ju's house as a long-term worker. One day, the sister entrusted someone to bring a letter with a few hanging coins, and Li Juren deceived Wuxun into illiterate, gave him the letter, and swallowed the money. After the martial training, he knew that he would question him, and Li Juren not only denied it, but also scolded the martial arts training bitterly. Once, when feeding pigs, Wu Xun accidentally spilled pig food on the ground, and he was also beaten all over the body. One year Chinese New Year's Eve, Wu Xun posted the Spring League to the master, because he could not read, he pasted the Spring League up and down, the master thought it was unlucky, punched and kicked, quarreled and scolded, did not allow him to eat, punished him for not sleeping all night, and stood in the courtyard all night in the wind and snow.
Wu Xun worked for three years in Li Juren's home, and Li Juren never paid him a salary. Once, Wu Xun's mother was sick and helpless, so he asked his master for money. Unexpectedly, Li Juren took out a fake account book and insisted that he had paid off the wages earlier. Wu Xun was illiterate, stunned, and indignant, but was falsely accused by Li Juren of intentional blackmail, and finally, Wu Xun was beaten to death by Li Juren's family and swept out of the house.
This encounter hit him too hard, and after being injured, the martial arts training fell asleep for three days in the small temple on Zhuangzi. When he woke up, he realized that the reason he had been bullied was because he was illiterate. And there are many poor people like him around him, and if they don't study, they will be bullied for no reason. So he germinated the idea of establishing a righteous school, so that people can read and write, and no longer be deceived.
Sing while walking, happy begging to raise funds
However, running a righteous school in a destitute body is unheard of in ancient times, and the difficulty can be imagined. But Wu Xun was very confident in this, and he was determined to realize this great dream with a lifetime of asceticism and perseverance. In 1859, at the age of 21, Wu Xun began to beg and raise funds, opening a new page in his life. He made a copper spoon in his hand, a bag on his shoulders, a bad coat to cover his body, sang while walking, begged everywhere, and traveled all over Shandong, Hebei, Henan, Jiangsu and other places. This beggar, who later became famous in the history of education for thousands of years, thus opened the prelude to the extraordinary life of begging and raising funds to run a school.
While begging, he sang his own song, the lyrics are like poetry rather than poetry, but there is a positive content, there is a certain rhyme, the content is all related to the establishment of righteous studies. Whether others ask questions or laugh at him, he answers by singing; Whether he was working or resting, he sang happily, such as carrying a job and being deceived, it is better to beg for food with himself, don't look at me begging for food, and build a righteous college in the morning and evening.
He sold his labor everywhere, worked hard and rushed to work, and lived a cattle and horse life, with the purpose of saving money to run a school. The hard work done by the cattle, the martial arts do not think it is bitter, and sing happily:
Out of the dung, hoe the grass, pull the pot to find, the pipe black does not matter, no matter how much money.
Give me money, I'll do it, and it won't be difficult to study righteousness.
Be a mule and an ox, and cultivate righteousness without making trouble.
Who knows, the good martial arts have been deceived again. A year later, the little money that Wu Xun had painstakingly accumulated was cheated out of his brother-in-law. Wu Xun was so angry that he couldn't get into the water and rice, and his heart was broken. A few days later, he breathed a sigh of relief and sang in a dashing manner: Only good people build tall buildings, and no bullies will go to the end.
Some people ridiculed him for harming the "righteous study disease", and he answered frankly by singing: "The righteous study disease, no fire, see people, pay respects, reward money, live a life, cultivate a righteous study for ten thousand years can not move." ”
When asking for food, it is inevitable to meet people who are stingy and do not give things, and the martial arts training will sing in a grand manner: "Do not give me, I do not complain, there are good people who manage my food." When confronted with loud insults, he was not angry, singing to the right: "Uncle Uncle don't be angry, when are you not angry, when will you go out." ”
Wu Xun accumulates all the money that comes, and the dry food that comes is sold in its entirety, and exchanged it for money to save. Eat only shoddy and moldy food and vegetable roots, sweet potatoes, etc., and sing your heart with small songs:
Eat miscellaneous things, be able to eat, and save money to build a righteous college.
Eating well is not good, and it is good to cultivate a righteous study.
In those years, Wu Xun did not know how much suffering he had suffered. He happily worked tirelessly day long for the tiring work that others would not do and disdained to do. Such as pushing and grinding, milling rice, cutting wheat for people, etc. In addition, he also cleans the hut early in the morning, and makes fertilizer after the manure is dried. Sometimes he also helps people carry water to water the garden, pick up grain, pick bulky things, etc., according to the distance and weight of the calculation of remuneration, the income is quite considerable, so that the funds needed to run the volunteer school are accumulated day by day.
In order to earn some money to run a righteous school, he sometimes went to various temple fairs like a juggler to play tricks in various temple fairs to get money. Perform the whole body handstand "carrying the big ding", do "scorpion climbing" with hands and feet, turn over and jump "hit the wheel", lie on the ground to make a horse ride for the child, as well as cone sashimi, knife broken head and other programs, and even eat caterpillar snake scorpion, swallow stone rubble and so on. It is really not easy to abuse your body in this way, everything is for the purpose of establishing a righteous school! He also cut off his braids, leaving only a small pigtail on the corner of his forehead, and dressed up as a clown in the play to get alms from others.
In addition, he also worked as a matchmaker, as a postman, picking rags, rolling cotton, spinning thread, etc. In this way, martial arts training wandered around, working, asking for food, and wandering. At night, I sleep in people's mills, stove houses, or broken temples. Every night late at night, he still twisted the rope under the light of the bean, and twisted the thread. He sang as he went:
Pick up thread heads, wrap thread eggs, and focus on cultivating a righteous college;
Wrap the thread egg, the wiring head, and repair the righteousness without worrying.
At the age of twenty-nine, Wu Xun had already saved some savings, and he used these savings to buy forty-five acres of cheap low-lying saline land, and sang happily:
As long as I learn to develop righteousness, I am not afraid to buy alkali sand when buying land; Alkali also receded, sand also scraped, three years later no alkali sand.
As long as I should learn righteousness, I will not be afraid of the big pit; The water also flowed, the soil was also strong, and after three years the pit was leveled.
When Wu Xun was thirty-eight years old, there was a great drought in Shandong, and many people starved to death. Wu Xun used his own money to buy forty cartons of sorghum to help the people. Wu Xun's brother did not do the right thing, often borrowed money from him, some relatives and friends also came to ask him for financial support, Wu Xun refused, Zheng Se replied: Regardless of relatives, regardless of the reason, righteousness I learned to repair several places.
A pair of widowed mother-in-law and daughter-in-law in the township made a living by asking for food, but the kind martial arts generously gave them ten acres of land, and sang:
This person is good, this person is good, and it is too little to give her ten acres.
This person is filial, this person is filial, give her ten acres for the elderly.
He never married, and ran three righteous schools
As the saying goes: gather armpits into a fur, gather sand into a tower. After years of hard work, the martial arts training finally accumulated into a lot and saved a sum. Wu Xun was bent on running a righteous school, and in order to avoid the burden of his wife's room, he did not marry his wife or leave his family in his lifetime, and lived a life of hardship and hardship, and he was reluctant to spend any money on himself, and he devoted everything he had to run a righteous school. In his later years, he became famous and won widespread respect.
Soon after the completion of the "Goshi Lane Yoshijuku", The Martial Arts became seriously ill after accumulating labor, but refused to occupy the room and lay under the eaves of the Yoshijuku to recuperate. Half a month later, on April 23, the twenty-second year of Guangxu (1896), Wu Xun died with a smile in the sound of reading aloud, at the age of fifty-eight, and was buried next to Liulin Chongxian Yishu in accordance with his will. On the day of the funeral, the people of various villages along the road sixty miles spontaneously set up a road sacrifice, automatically sending tens of thousands of mourners, and there were many people watching along the way, teachers and students crying in the sky, and the people also burst into tears.
Ten years after Wu Xun's death, the Qing court publicized his achievements to the National History Museum and built tombs, shrines, and monuments for him. The achievements of martial arts training were admired by the world, and many famous inscriptions were examined by Liu Jixing, and at that time there were many schools named after martial arts in the country. In the Republic of China period, in order to commemorate the famous "civilian educators" and "righteous scholars" martial arts training at home and abroad at the end of the Qing Dynasty, Mr. He Siyuan, then director of the Shandong Education Department, allocated funds to rebuild the Wuxun Ancestral Hall. He Siyuan also erected a white jade statue of Wuxun Han in the Wuxun Ancestral Hall, which was slightly larger than the real person. According to the local people who have seen the martial arts after the liberation, they say that the statue resembles the martial arts himself, but unfortunately the statue was destroyed by the Red Guards during the Cultural Revolution. In 1932, Han Fuyu, then chairman of Shandong Province, built the "Wugong Memorial Hall" to commemorate the martial arts training initiated by the Linqing Dynasty, and built two "Wugong Memorial Halls" on both sides of the memorial hall. A normal school in Nantong, Jiangsu Province, also juxtaposes the statue of martial arts with the statue of Confucius. The people of Shandong even called him a "martial saint".
On December 1, 1945, Guo Moruo wrote an inscription for martial arts in the Xinhua Daily's special issue commemorating martial arts: "Wuxun is China's Pei Shi Toloqi, and Chinese people should go everywhere to build bronze statues of him." In order to commemorate wuxun, the government of the Hebei-Luyu Border Region of the Communist Party of China during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression explicitly ordered that Wuxun's hometown, Tangyi County, be renamed "Wuxun County" and Liulin Town, Tangyi County, renamed "Wuxun Town," and held various commemorative activities on the anniversary of Wuxun's birth. In the same year, the Hebei Southern Branch of the Communist Party of China also established a martial arts training teacher in Liulin Town to commemorate this sage who made outstanding contributions to China's education.
Guo Moruo called Wuxun "China's Festellows", a European who was almost the same era as Wuxun, and he was born in Switzerland, which was still very poor and backward at that time. His grandfather was a missionary. The fine tradition of the church made him understand from an early age how he loved people selflessly with a sincere and kind heart. He worked in a church orphanage all his life, and like Wu xun, he belonged to the lower classes, and he also "had a great, loving heart." He said: "I have been acting as a snubbed, weak-willed junior teacher, pushing a wheelbarrow carrying only some basic knowledge, an empty wheelbarrow, but unexpectedly devoting myself to a career, including the creation of an orphanage, a teachers' college and a boarding school. It takes a lot of money to do these things in the first year, but even one-tenth of that money is hard for me to get."
The beggar-like Fisteloch, through his life's efforts, eventually popularized civilian education in Switzerland. Educational success made this small, poor, backward mountainous country a first-class education superpower in Europe in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Switzerland's success has led to the visit of education experts and high-level dignitaries from all over the world to switzerland to learn from advanced educational experience. Later, the West called Fisteloch "Holy Spirit", and praised him as the noble spirit of dedication to education as "Sacred Heart" and "Holy Virtue". The famous French historian of education, Campier, praised: "He is the earliest model in the development of human education to call for and practice 'the education of love'."
In 1951, the film "The Legend of Martial Arts" was wrongly criticized. During the Cultural Revolution, his tomb was destroyed. After the chaos was rectified, the grievances of Wuxun were finally revealed: in 1986, the General Office of the State Council made a decision to restore the reputation of Wuxun. In GuanXian and Linqing in northwestern Lu, there are many schools named after "wuxun": wuxun high school in Guanxian County, wuxun school in Liulin Town, Guanxian County, and wuxun experimental primary school in Linqing. The land of China is very fortunate, and such a person who has been trained in martial arts has endured hardships and unswervingly devoted himself to education, and his spirit is immortal with heaven and earth, and he shines with the sun and the moon, and will forever inspire future generations.
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