Gu Jiegang's "four haves" reading method of language learning method

Gu Jiegang's "four haves" reading method

This is a method of reading that specializes in one and another with great interest and careful thinking.

Mr. Gu Jiegang, a famous historian, served as a professor at more than ten universities such as Xiamen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Peking University, fudan university and other universities before liberation; after liberation, he served as a researcher and academic member of the Institute of History of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, a director of the Chinese Historical Society, and also presided over the punctuation work of the Zizhi Tongjian> > and the Twenty-Fourth History. Mr. Gu Jiegang is a fruitful and well-read scholar.

Mr. Gu has accumulated decades of reading experience and gave a special lecture on <How to Read" at the Xiamen Youth Association, comprehensively introducing his reading methods. These methods can be summarized as the "four haves" reading method.

First, there is an interest in special aspects.

Mr. Gu believes that the first thing to read is to develop an interest in special aspects. Some people like to read special telegram news, some people like to read novels and literature, and some people like to watch the commercial market. As long as he can have a favorite, naturally he has a way to get a newspaper. This "interest in special aspects" is the gateway to further reading. Books from ancient times to the present are full of sweat, what books you plan to read, how to go deeper, you need to choose a path from them. Otherwise, it is impossible to continue to study. Therefore, after reading some books extensively, we must try to make ourselves clear which aspect is to be specially studied. This is equivalent to finding a way to climb the mountain of books.

Second, there is a difference between priority and priority.

Reading, you can "casually flip through" for general browsing, or you can "see the last word from the first word" for fine study. Mr. Gu believes that it is necessary to read more books and distinguish the priorities of the books that should be read: "We know which books must be read carefully, which books are only to be turned over, and which books are not necessary to read as long as they are placed on the shelf, and we will not look up them until we can use them." In this way, it can not only ensure the focus of study, but also make a wider browsing, so that I will not be trapped in the sea of books and be at a loss, but always take the initiative to make the book box "for my use".

Third, have the ability to judge.

Mr. Gu stressed very much that when reading books, we must have judgment and regard books as things we use, and we must not worship at the feet of books. Judge each book with your own thoughts: "Distinguish which sentence is right, which sentence is wrong, and which sentence can be left for consultation." Mr. Gu wrote these critical and questioning opinions in the end of the book or wrote them down in a notebook. He studied for more than sixty years in his lifetime, and wrote more than 200 such notes and more than 5 million words. Even in his later years, when he was hospitalized for tracheitis, he was still reading in his hospital room, writing crooked words with a trembling hand, expressing his opinions on the books he read, or writing them in books or in notebooks.

Fourth, there is a wide range of pursuits.

Mr. Gu greatly appreciated this formulation: "In studying knowledge, we should have two mirrors, one is a microscope and the other is a telescope." For one subject of one's own research, it is like a microscope, and for other aspects of knowledge, it uses "telescopes" to achieve a little understanding. Reading, to specialize in one discipline, but also to have a wide range of pursuits. Some knowledge may not be used today, and it may be used tomorrow. Therefore, the book should be read more widely and lay a solid foundation for itself, "only because a kind of learning cannot be independent."