Author: Zhao Xinfang
Han Yu is a historical figure familiar to future generations, and Zeng Guofan commented: Han Gong is like a dragon that is ever-changing and omnipotent. This means that no matter whether he writes all kinds of articles, whether he is running education, whether he is engaged in politics or governing studies, Han Yu is proficient and has achieved outstanding achievements. I have consulted many historical books, and this is indeed the case. Although the content of this article is mainly about governing and learning people, it is also necessary to talk about the deeds of politics and friendship, otherwise some readers will think that Zeng Wenzhenggong's evaluation is exaggerated.
Han Yu's parents died early, and he became an orphan at the age of 3, raised by his brother-in-law Zheng.
Han Yu has been intelligent since childhood, diligent and studious. According to historical records, at the age of 3, he could read and write, and before the age of 7, he read almost all the sons and hundreds of families. However, the road of life was not smooth, and he took 4 imperial examinations and 3 official examinations, and did not enter the army until he was 34 years old. Since he first participated in the scientific expedition at the age of 19, he has not experienced the "ten-year cold window" but the "fifteen-year cold window" efforts. Although the time has increased by fifty percent, it is gratifying that the effort has paid off.
Han Yu used to serve as the governor of The State Son, and according to his current rank qualifications, he is the president of National Central University. He, a leading figure in the national education sector, has a lot of experience in how to be a competent and good teacher.
He wrote a famous argumentative essay "The Master Says" that has been flowing for hundreds of years.
The text says: Teacher, so preach and teach karma to solve puzzles. Whoever is not born to know can be confused? Confused and not followed the teacher, it is confused, and finally incomprehensible... The author remembers that in the early Chinese textbooks, there was his famous argumentative essay. "The Sayings of the Teacher" has a profound impact on the formation of the concept of respecting teachers and emphasizing teaching in China. In addition, students should understand the use of "ZhiHu Ye" in the text, and carefully study the "teacher, so preaching and being confused by karma..." This rare demonstration text can achieve more results with half the effort.
Han Yu not only has a high level of education theory, but also does a good job in helping the future learning. The Tang Dynasty poet Zhang Shu, in terms of age, was two years older than Han Yu. However, when Han Yu became an examiner, he was still "losing and fighting repeatedly". Han Yu not only did not despise him, but enthusiastically guided, promoted and recommended him, and Zhang Zhi and Han Yue formed a relationship of mentorship and friendship, which was greatly influenced by Han Yue.
After the Middle Tang Dynasty, the powerful feudal towns divided one side and used various means to win over well-known literati and central officials. Some unscrupulous literati and officials also tended to cling to them. Jiedu made Li Shidao want to enlist Zhang Yuan, who had already entered the army. Zhang Zhi wrote a poem "Festival Woman Yin" to answer it. Using the Beeching technique of "hating not meeting and not marrying" euphemistically shows that he is loyal to the imperial court and will never be co-opted by the princes. Later, Li Shidao's soldiers were defeated and killed, and Zhang Ji escaped a senseless disaster.
After Zhang Zhi was promoted to Mizube Langzhong and the poetry name became more and more famous, he was grateful to Han Yu for his enthusiasm to promote himself and continue to carry forward his spirit, taking the poems of the new poet Zhu Qingyu and changing them all, leaving the best 26 completed albums hidden in his sleeves, and warmly recommending them when he met acquaintances and friends. Zhu Qingyu later entered the priesthood and the first.
Han Yu's most famous story is the "deliberation" between him and Jia Dao. But most people don't know the full version of the story. The author briefly describes the previous part: One day in the late autumn of a certain year, the false monk Jia Dao rode a donkey on Chang'an Avenue, looked at the pieces of fallen leaves underground touching the scenery poem, and recited a sentence "Falling leaves are full of Chang'an", but he could not think of the next sentence for a long time. At this time, a group of high-ranking officials' honor guards came over, and the donkeys suddenly sneaked in, causing chaos in the honor guard. But at this moment, Jia Dao's aura came, shouting "Autumn wind and water". Jia Dao rushed into the army of Liu Qichu, jing zhaoyin (equivalent to the current mayor of the capital). Liu Qichu was not a tolerant person, and shouted, "False monks have no reason!" For this reason, Jia Dao was not only beaten up, but also locked up for one night.
Not long after, Jia Dao went to visit his friend Li Ning, who lived in the mountains on the outskirts of Chang'an, and borrowed other friends' homes that night. The next day when I returned to Chang'an, I remembered the poem "The monk pushes the moon under the door" written last night on the street, and I always felt that the scene at that time was not appropriate, so there was a story of "deliberation" with Han Yu. This story is well known to everyone, so I will not repeat it. Some people say that Jia Dao is engaged in performance art, which is intentional. The author believes that it is caused by Jia Dao's "shinu" personality, but it is just "unintentional willow shading".
in Ja Island
Han Yu is a good official and a good gentleman, and Jia Dao began to become popular after getting to know him. Han Yu specially composed a poem for him to promote the brand:
Mengjiao was buried in the North Mountain, and since then the storm has been idle.
Heavenly fear article in the word, regeneration of Jia Island in the human world.
Han Yu commented that Jia Dao's talent was comparable to being the successor of Mengjiao, and since then, Jia Dao and Mengjiao have said that their reputation has skyrocketed. With the help and support of Han Yu, Jia Dao finally successfully entered the gold list. Jia Dao was very respectful and grateful to Han Yu, and when Han Yu was demoted and released, he wrote poems to send his thoughts.
In the 803 Guanzhong drought, Han Yu, who was the inspector of imperial history, secretly visited and found that the victims were displaced and starved everywhere, but Jingzhao Yin Li Shi blocked the news and reported false information to the imperial court. Han Yu reported the actual situation, was framed by the courtiers, and was exiled to Yangshan, Lianzhou (present-day Qingyuan, Guangdong) as a county commander. Han Yu, who was proficient in the administration of officials, was soon transferred out of Yangshan with his outstanding political achievements, and was promoted all the way, successively serving as Dr. Guozi, Kao Gong Lang Zhong, and Zhongshu Sheren.
In 819, emperor Tang Xianzong ordered a section of the finger bone that was believed to be of Shakyamuni Buddha to be enshrined in the court from Famen Temple, and ordered that the officials and people on the way to welcome them should burn incense and kneel. Suddenly, the capital city of Chang'an set off a wave of buddhist belief. Han Yue felt that there were hundreds of harms to the country and the people, but no benefits, so he wrote a letter to oppose it, saying that the emperors who believed in Buddhism since the Eastern Han Dynasty were extremely short-lived. Emperor Xianzong of Tang was furious and ordered Han Yu to be executed. It was only through Pei Du and others who sympathized with Han Yu to intercede for him, and Han Yu escaped the disaster, but was relegated to the history of Chaozhou And was ordered to take up his post on the same day.
After Han Yu came to Chaozhou, he did a lot of practical things in a short eight-month tenure. The government will hire teachers, set up township schools, lead the people to build water conservancy projects, and strive to develop production. There is a big river in Chaozhou, and there are crocodiles in the river who have eaten the river. Han Yu wrote a "Crocodile Sacrifice Text", and after setting up an altar by the river to worship, he ordered the crocodile to move out of the place within 7 days. It's strange that there has been no crocodile since then. Although this is a legend, the local names such as "Han Jiang", "Han Pu", "Han Du" and so on are said to be the rivers and places where Han Yu expelled crocodiles in the past.
In 820, Han Yu was ordered to return to the capital and serve as a military attendant. A year later, a mutiny occurred in Zhenzhou, and the imperial court sent Han Yue to defuse it. After Han Yu arrived in Zhenzhou, he summoned the military and the people to speak, and used his rich knowledge and eloquent eloquence to patiently tell the different results of submission and rebellion. The results were good, and it was not long before the rebellion was put down without bloodshed. The newly enthroned Tang Muzong was very happy, so he promoted Han Yu to the position of official attendant.
After Liu Zongyuan's death, Liu Yuxi, who was in charge of Liu Zongyuan's affairs, wrote a letter to Han Yu and asked him to write an epitaph for Liu Zongyuan. Han Yu was five years older than Liu Zongyuan and was also a close friend, so he tearfully wrote the "Epitaph of Liu Zihou", which has been famous for thousands of years. In the text"... Those who do not lead the hand to save, but squeeze it, and go down to the stone, are also. It is the origin of the idiom "falling into a well".
Han Yu is a master of articles and has a good income from writing epitaphs. Han Yu wrote a "Pinghuai West Stele" praising Pei Du's pingding of Huaixi, and Tang Xianzong rewarded a stone carving in this article to Han Hong, a meritorious minister mentioned in the article. Han Hong was overjoyed and gave Han Yu five hundred silks, but wrote an epitaph for Liu Zongyuan, but Han Yu did not take anything.
In 824, Han Yu fell ill, presumably to save his life, listening to the nonsense of an alchemist, eating some Dan medicine, and suddenly died at the age of 57. Sad, very sad!
【About the author】Zhao Xinfang, pen name Zhao Shi, is a member of the Chongqing Nan'an District Writers Association.
Tips: If you like this article, please forward and comment.