Xi Jiangyue (Yang Shen)
The Three Emperors and Five Emperors of Daode, with the name of Xia Hou Shang Zhou.
The Seven Heroes and Five Hegemons were in the Spring and Autumn Period, and Qin Hanxing had died.
Qingshi has several lines of names and surnames, and countless barren hills in the north.
The former people collected the fields and the later people, saying that the dragons fought for the tigers.
When it comes to the uprising in the Three Kingdoms period at the end of the Han Dynasty, more people may think of the "Yellow Turban Uprising". It is true that the scope of the "Yellow Turban Uprising" is very broad, including Jizhou, Youzhou, Yangzhou, Yanzhou, Jingzhou, Qingzhou, Xuzhou, Yuzhou, the eight prefectures, the impact is also more far-reaching, in addition to the main force of the Yellow Turban Army, but also includes the "White Polish Army", "White Wave Army", Qing, Xu Yellow Turban, Yizhou Yellow Turban and so on the follow-up Yellow Turban Remnant Party, but to say that the uprising that directly affected the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty lasted the longest, Xiaobian believes that it is the Northwest Liangzhou Uprising that occurred in the same period of the "Yellow Turban Uprising".
The Eastern Han Dynasty court quelled the "Yellow Turban Rebellion" for no more than a year, but it was a protracted war with the Liangzhou rebel army, one of which was won first and then lost, and many famous generals from the Three Kingdoms period at the end of the Han Dynasty participated, that is, the "Battle of Meiyang". Let's talk about this battle.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > the historical background of the "Battle of Meiyang"</h1>
The revolt period of the Liangzhou Rebel Army and the Yellow Turban Army was actually the same year, both in the first year of Zhongping (that is, 184 AD), but the order of succession was somewhat large. Huang Zhongyi's rebellion from HubeiGong Boyu and Xianzhi Qiang was after November of the first year of Zhongping, when the "Yellow Turban Rebellion" was nearing its end, and its main forces in Jizhou, Zhang Liang and Zhang Bao, were already killed, and the remaining Nanyang Yellow Turban was also in danger, and was also destroyed soon after, plus Zhang Niujiao and Chu Feiyan, who were scattered soldiers (later leaders of the "Black Mountain Army").
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the control of the northwest has not been too strong, beigong Boyu and others chose to revolt at this time, should be affected by the "Yellow Turban Uprising", the Eastern Han court concentrated its strength in the eastern states and counties, so Beigong Boyu and others rose up. However, at this time, the Yellow Turban Army was already the end of the crossbow, so the Eastern Han Court also had a certain strength to deal with the Liangzhou rebel army.
Beigong Boyu, Li Wenhou, Bian Zhang (then known as Bian Yun), Han Sui (then called Han Yue), and others killed Jincheng Taishou Chen Yi and were active in the Longyou region. However, the Liangzhou rebel army was not satisfied with this, and in the second year of The Following Year (that is, in 185 AD), the Liangzhou rebel army led tens of thousands of people to attack the Sanfu region, that is, the Guanzhong region, and more precisely, to the right Fufeng, in the western part of the Guanzhong region.
The program of the Liangzhou rebel army and the Yellow Turban Army is still different, the ultimate purpose of the Yellow Turban Army is to overthrow the Eastern Han Court, the so-called "the sky is dead, the yellow sky should stand", with Tude instead of the Eastern Han Dynasty's fire virtue. The Liangzhou rebel army still recognized the rule of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and they played the banner of "Qing Jun's Side" to eliminate the eunuch clique around the Han Ling Emperor.
Of course, this is only a banner, and the Liangzhou rebel army is ultimately a rebel army. The Eastern Han Court just destroyed the main force of the Yellow Turban Army, although there were still some Yellow Turban remnants, such as zhang Yan of the Black Mountain Army, but Zhang Yan and others were only active between the Taihang Mountains, and the Liangzhou rebel army had invaded the Guanzhong region, if it occupied the Guanzhong area, then the strength of the Liangzhou rebel army would undoubtedly be greatly strengthened, and the offensive and retreat could be defended, which would pose a serious threat to Luoyang.
Therefore, the Eastern Han Court recruited the Montenegrin Army and decisively recruited the Liangzhou rebel army. The two sides fought a war in Meiyang, which is the historical background of the "Battle of Meiyang".
< h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > the early victory of the Battle of Mayang</h1>
In the face of the Liangzhou rebel army, the Eastern Han court ordered the famous general Huang Fusong, who put down the "Yellow Turban Uprising", to lead an army to attack the Liangzhou rebel army. Although according to the Book of Wu quoted in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, The Book of Wei and Tao Qian, Emperor Fusong should have fought some victorious battles, but on the whole did not solve the Liangzhou rebel army.
Moreover, during the battle against the Yellow Turban Army, Emperor Fusong offended the eunuch clique, and he reported that Zhao Zhong's family home had exceeded the system, and refused zhongchang's request for fifty million yuan, thus offending them. Emperor Fusong did not defeat the Liangzhou rebels, so Zhang Rang and Zhao Zhong complained to Emperor Ling of Han and removed Emperor Fusong from his post and left Sikong Zhang Wen to take his place. This was in the autumn and July of the second year of Zhongping, four months after the Liangzhou rebel army invaded Sanfu.
Zhang Wen, Zhou Shen, Dong Zhuo, Sun Jian, Bao Hong, Tao Qian, and others were all generals of the Eastern Han Dynasty official army, and confronted the Liangzhou rebel army in Meiyang and Liangzhou, although the Eastern Han official army had more than 100,000 people according to historical records, but in the war with the Liangzhou rebel army, it was in the inferior position. According to the dialogue between Dong Zhuo and the changshi Liu Ai recorded in the "Records of the Duke of Shanyang", it can be seen that Sun Jian even had the experience of almost dying in battle during this battle.
However, in November of the same year, a celestial phenomenon occurred that was more favorable to the Eastern Han court, and at night there was a meteor shining on Bianzhang and Han Sui's military camp. This celestial phenomenon is generally considered unknown and has often appeared in historical records of wars. The Liangzhou rebels were timid and planned to retreat to Jincheng County.
The morale of the Liangzhou rebel army was low, and the Eastern Han officials seized this opportunity, and Dong Zhuo and Bao Hong decisively led the army in pursuit and defeated the Liangzhou rebel army. The Liangzhou rebel army was defeated and retreated to Yuzhong County, Jincheng County, and Zhang Wen sent Zhou Shen to lead 30,000 people deep into Yuzhong to besiege the Liangzhou rebel army, at this time Sun Jian persuaded Zhou Shen to give himself 10,000 troops, mainly cutting off the external grain transportation troops, forcing the Liangzhou rebel army to withdraw from Yuzhong County, but Zhou Shen did not accept. In addition, Dong Zhuo also suggested that he lead the army as Zhou Shen's rear town, but he did not agree, but was ordered to attack Xianzhi Qiang. As a result, both battlefields suffered defeats.
< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > the eastern Han Dynasty officials defeated Yuzhong</h1>
The first is the battlefield in Elm. Zhou Shen was reluctant to use Sun Jian's strategy of cutting off the enemy's grain routes and forcing him out of the city, but the Liangzhou rebel army used this strategy. Bian Zhang and Han Suitun soldiers were in Kuiyuan Narrow, and according to the Records of Reading the History of Public Opinion, the location of Kuiyuan Narrow was west of Jincheng County, while Yuzhong County was east of Jincheng County, and the Liangzhou rebel army may have launched a surprise attack from Kuiyuan Narrow to cut off the grain route of Zhou Shen's army.
Once the grain road is cut off, if there is no chance of counter-attack, then it is basically a failure. Yuan Shao's great advantage in the "Battle of Guandu" was also defeated because Wuchao's military food was burned. Zhou Shen then gave up and retreated, and the siege of Yuzhong County failed.
Dong Zhuo was also besieged by the Qiang and Hu armies, located in the north of Wangyuan County, about the southeast direction of Yuzhong, and the grain route was also cut off. However, Dong Zhuo's performance was stronger than Zhou Shen's. Before attacking Xianzhiqiang, he left a backhand, and let Sima Liu Jing lead 4,000 troops in Anding, which shook Dong Zhuo's momentum and contained the enemy's energy; when he withdrew, Dong Zhuo built a dam on the river to be crossed to store water as a pond, declaring to the outside world that he wanted to fish for military food, reduce the enemy's defenses, and then withdraw from under the embankment and break the embankment to block the enemy's pursuit. In this way, Dong Zhuo retreated safely, "When the Sixth Army went to Longxi, the Fifth Army was defeated, and Zhuo Duo returned with all the people. ”
In general, the "Battle of Meiyang" was divided into two stages, the first was meiyang in Guanzhong, and the second was in the Yuzhong of Longyou with Wangyuan. Although the process was not smooth in the first stage, it also seized the favorable weather and the retreat of the Liangzhou rebel army and fought a victorious battle, expelling the Liangzhou rebel army from Guanzhong; however, in the second stage, Zhou Shen, as the main general, did not follow the advice of Sun Jian, Dong Zhuo and others, and also raised a light enemy heart against the Liangzhou rebel army, did not take precautions, and even scattered his forces to attack two places, which finally led to the complete failure of the second stage.
However, the "Battle of Meiyang" did not have a particularly large impact on history, neither causing too much damage to the Eastern Han Court nor changing the situation in Liangzhou out of control. The state of war between the Eastern Han court and the Liangzhou rebel army continued.
References: Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Book of the Later Han Dynasty, Historical Atlas of China, Dictionary of romance of the Three Kingdoms, Minutes of Reading History