The original sentence "The world rises and falls, and the pifu has the responsibility" originates from Gu Yanwu's "Rizhilu": "The protector of the country, the king and his subjects, the meat eaters plot; the protector of the world, the piff's lowliness and responsibility." ”。 Later Liang Qichao refined the eight-character idiom: "The world rises and falls, and the pifu has the responsibility."
In addition to the eight-character karma, the two also intersect at the Lingyan Temple in Taishan: Liang Qichao's inscription at the Lingyan Temple: "The First Sculpture in the Sea" stele stands in front of the Hall of a Thousand Buddhas. In the autumn of the sixteenth year of Shunzhi (1659), Gu Yanwu also gave a poem "Re-ascending the Lingyan" when he visited the Lingyan Temple.
Today we look at the story of Gu Yanwu and Taishan.
Gu Yanwu (1613-1682), a native of Kunshan, Suzhou Province, was originally named Dai, and after his death, he changed his name to Yanwu because he admired Wang Yanwu, a disciple of Wen Tianxiang, an outstanding thinker, and was praised by Liang Qichao as a "generation of Kaipai masters" in the academic circles during the Ming and Qing dynasties.
In the seventeenth year of Chongzhen (1644), Beijing fell, and in the thirteenth year of Shunzhi (1656), Gu Yanwu rebelled against the Qing Dynasty and restored the Ming Dynasty for thirteen years. During this period, the Qing army broke through Kunshan and killed on a large scale, the two brothers of the Gu Yanwu family were killed, the birth mother He Shi was cut off her right arm, and the heir mother Wang Clan went on hunger strike and martyred the country, and the last words told Yan Wu to "be a foreign subject, live up to the grace of the world, and never forget the legacy of the ancestors."
At the age of 45, Gu Yanwu began to travel north and south of the Jiangnan, "carrying books with two horses and two mules." In the twenty-five years, to Qi, Lu, Yan, Zhao, Qin, Jin, etc., "the seventh of the Kyushu calendar, the fifth Yue ascended to the fourth." He also has a deep relationship with Mount Taishan, and has come to Thailand four times, including two times lingyan, and has made many pioneering contributions to the study of Mount Taishan in the "Archaeological Record of Shandong".
After the break, "The monument of Qin Shi Huang----- is not a word. "It is said that the Taishan Jade Emperor is a wordless monument to the south." The wordless stele is composed of three parts: stone pillar, top cover stone and top pillar stone, which is simple and thick, and the stele does not have a word. It is still uncertain who erected the wordless monument.
The Qianlong Emperor believed that it was established by the Qin Dynasty, and once wrote a poem that Qin Shi Huang burned books to pit Confucianism, and in order to avoid controversy in later generations, he erected a monument without engraving words. In fact, Qin Shi Huang sealed Zen Taishan in 219 BC, and the book burning pit Confucianism is six years later, the historical fact is that zen was first sealed and then pit Confucianism, so the Qianlong Emperor's statement does not hold true.
Gu Yanwu determined through examination that it was the Han Wu Emperor who had erected the Wordless Monument, and that the Han Wu Emperor had sacrificed Mount Tai eight times during his reign for fifty-five years and built the Han Ming Hall. When Guo Moruo came to Mount Taishan to see the sunrise, he once inscribed the poem "Mofu Monument Without Words, Thinking Back to the Han Wu Nian". Therefore, Guo Moruo agreed with Gu Yanwu's view that Emperor Wu of Han erected a wordless monument.
At present, there is no conclusive evidence for both claims, and the mystery of the wordless monument has not really been solved.
Pictured: Taishan wordless monument
Taishan is the lord of life and death, there is a soul to Taishan, Taishan to cure the ghost, according to Gu Yanwu's research, Taishan has had the legend of the gods since the weekend. At the foot of Mount Taishan, there is a river that flows down the mountain, flows through Taicheng, and then joins the Pan River. Gu Yanwu recorded in the "Shandong Archaeological Record and The Kannai River" that "its water is on the left side of the Artemisia Mountain, there is a bridge spanning it, the Nai River Bridge, the dead souls of the generations cannot cross, and the Nai River."
Pictured: Mount Artemisia at the foot of Mount Taishan, and the Nai River to its east
In the Dai Temple, there is a double-beam stele of Mount Taishan, which was erected by the Tang Daoist Guo Xingzhen in the sixth year of Xianqing (661), which was actually instructed by Wu Zetian: the same roof, two stones stand together, commonly known as the "Mandarin Duck Monument", the double stele represents Emperor Gaozong Li Zhi and Wu Zetian jointly ruling the world. Later, there were also the deeds of Tang Gaozeng and Wu Zetian jointly sealing Mount Taishan.
In response to the Double Bundle Monument, Gu Yanwu pointed out that about 18 of the characters were created or used by Wu Zetian himself, putting forward an unprecedented view.
Pictured: Taishan Double Bundle Monument
Gu Yanwu's book "Rizhilu" lasted for 35 years, and the "Shandong Archaeological Record" included 13 Taishan entries, which were extremely hard to examine, and the excavation and exploration of Taishan culture were newly expanded, which had not been developed before, and many of them formed academic conclusions, and the personal contribution and the spirit of governance were precious, worthy of admiration and study by future generations.