"Stronger in the cell, throwing your head and bones high" - commemorating the 120th anniversary of the birth of Comrade Dragon Avenue

"In the cell, Zhi zhi is stronger, throwing his head and bones high. The dark clouds will always disperse one day, celebrating the sunrise in the east. This poem is "In Prison" written by the revolutionary martyr Long Dadao in the Prison of the Kuomintang in Wuhan, which expresses the heroic spirit of Long Dadao's indomitable steadfastness and regard death as a homecoming, as well as the lofty spirit of unswerving determination of the revolution and the firm belief in the inevitable victory of the communist cause.

On February 7, 1931, Long Avenue was heroically martyred in Shanghai Longhua and was one of the "Twenty-four Martyrs of Longhua" in Shanghai. This year marks the 120th anniversary of the birth of Comrade Long Dadao, and we deeply cherish the memory of this proletarian revolutionary.

One

Long Daodao, formerly known as Kangzhuang, Zitanzhi, Dong ethnic group, was born on October 6, 1901 in Shangzhai Village, Maoping Town, Jinping County, Guizhou Province, to a family of wood merchants. Her birth mother died of illness when she was two years old and was raised by her stepmother. At the age of seven, Dragon Avenue entered a private school to receive an enlightenment education.

At the end of 1910, Wu Zhibin and Huang Zhusheng, members of the Chinese League Association, went to the adjacent areas of Xiangqian and Guizhou to engage in revolutionary propaganda activities, and the following spring came to Maoping Town, Jinping County, to establish a new school, recruit local children to enroll, publicize the democratic revolution, and advocate the overthrow of the Qing Dynasty. The two gentlemen asked the students to "read without forgetting the revolution, and the revolution without forgetting to read." Long Dao's father, Long Zhi Fan, was open-minded and took the lead in sending Long Dao to a new school. In the academy, Long Dao learned astronomy, geography, biology, arithmetic and so on. From that time on, Long Dao was influenced by revolutionary ideas and began to care about major national affairs, laying an ideological foundation for him to choose to pursue the truth and devote himself to the revolution.

On October 10, 1911, the Xinhai Revolution broke out, and Hunan and other provinces responded fiercely, and Wu Zhibin and Huang Zhusheng immediately left Maoping and went to Hunan to join the revolutionary movement. Later, the Xinhai Revolution failed, the two gentlemen were unfortunately killed in The Hongjiang River in Hunan, the news came, which had a great impact on the Dragon Avenue, and since then, in his heart, the seeds of revolution have been planted.

In 1916, Long Dadao graduated from high school and entered Tianzhu Middle School. At Tianzhu Middle School, Long Dao often discussed difficult issues with his classmates. Long Dao is honest and kind, quiet and persistent, bold in doing things, excellent academic performance, and has won the trust of classmates and the praise of teachers. However, the curious Dragon Avenue longed for a broader vision and pursued higher ideals, because Tianzhu Middle School was located in a remote and isolated area, unable to meet his vigorous curiosity, so before graduation, he stated his reasons to the school and resolutely left Tianzhu Middle School.

Two

In the spring of 1919, with the help of a Wuhan wood merchant who lived in his home, Long Avenue, together with several ambitious young people in the village, took a wooden row down the Qingshui River and came to Wuhan to study at the "Central Part of the Private Wuchang Zhonghua University". At CUHK Affiliated High School, Long Dadao felt the revolutionary atmosphere of new culture and new ideas.

On May 4, 1919, the "May Fourth" patriotic movement broke out in Beijing. On May 18, the Wuhan "Students' Federation" organized a rally in solidarity with the Beijing student movement, pushing the revolutionary struggle against imperialism and feudal warlords in Wuhan to a climax, and Long Dadao also actively participated in this movement. The patriotic demonstration movement in Wuhan had a great influence on Long Avenue, and he witnessed the storms and rains of the revolutionary struggle movement and underwent tempering.

In the winter of 1922, Long Dadao was admitted to Shanghai University to study sociology. At Shanghai University, he studied hard and actively participated in social activities. He listened to lectures or lectures by Li Dazhao, Cai Hesen, Zhang Tailei, Xiao Chunu, Ren Bishi, Shen Yanbing, Yun Daiying, and others, as well as progressive scholars from Britain, the United States, and other countries.

On November 23, 1923, Long Dadao was introduced by Zhang Qixiong and Shi Cuntong to join the Communist Party of China. After joining the party organization, the bright road to communism appeared in front of the Dragon Avenue, and in order to show that he had found a bright avenue, he gladly changed his name from "Kangzhuang" to "Avenue".

In September 1924, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China sent Long Dadao to study at the Eastern University in Moscow. At the Moscow Eastern University, the Dragon Avenue systematically studied Marxist-Leninist theory and military knowledge, and also listened to a speech by The Honorary President Stalin", "On the Political Tasks of the Eastern University".

Three

On May 30, 1925, the "May Thirtieth Movement" broke out in Shanghai, opening the prelude to the climax of the Chinese revolution. Due to the needs of the Party's work, in July 1925, Long Avenue left Moscow and returned to Shanghai to engage in the workers' movement at the Caojiadu Office of the Shanghai Federation of Trade Unions. On May 4, 1926, Long Dadao was appointed secretary of the Caojiadu Ministry of the Communist Party of China and head of the Workers' Movement Committee of the Ministry. Soon after, Long Dadao was unfortunately arrested during the organization of a strike movement for employees of the Zhonghua Bookstore, and was later released on bail by the Shanghai District Committee.

In July 1926, the Guangdong National Revolutionary Army, with the support of the Communist Party of China, sent out the Northern Expedition and marched all the way, with frequent successes. In order to expand the achievements of the Northern Expedition, the Shanghai District Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to launch an autonomous movement and armed insurrection in Shanghai. On September 8, in order to organize the armed uprising of the Shanghai workers, the Shanghai District Party Committee transferred Long Dadao from the Caojiadu Ministry to the Shanghai Federation of Trade Unions Organization Department, specifically responsible for the secret organization and training of the workers' pickets. On October 24, the first armed uprising of the Workers of Shanghai failed due to inadequate preparations.

On January 4, 1927, the Shanghai District Committee of the Communist Party of China decided that Wang Shouhua, Zheng Futa, Li Bozhi and Long Dadao would form the presidium of the Shanghai Federation of Trade Unions. At the same time, the Shanghai Workers' Movement Committee was also established, and Zhao Shiyan, Wang Shouhua, Li Bozhi, Long Dadao, and other 9 people were elected as members of the Standing Committee. In early February, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to organize a general strike in Shanghai and launch a second armed uprising. On February 19, the Shanghai Federation of Trade Unions issued a general strike order and a declaration of struggle, and the citywide strike began. In this strike, Long Avenue was responsible for organizing the strike action of the clerks. Taking the Xianshi Company as a leading example, he successfully led the clerk strike, which was the famous "pull iron gate" incident at that time, which effectively promoted the formation and development of the Second General League General Strike Movement. On the 22nd, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to turn the general strike into an armed uprising. However, due to the isolated struggle and the brutal suppression of the reactionary warlords, the armed uprising failed again.

On 23 February, after summing up the lessons of the failure of the uprising in a timely manner, the CPC Central Committee and the Shanghai District CPC Committee decided to prepare for the third armed uprising, and made meticulous preparations for the uprising from the ideological, organizational, and military aspects, reorganized the Shanghai District CPC Committee, restored and developed the Standing Committee of the Shanghai Federation of Trade Unions, and added the Economic Struggle Department, the Communication Department, and the Picket Department to the Shanghai Federation of Trade Unions, in addition to the original three departments of secretary, propaganda, and organization, and Long Dadao was appointed as the head of the Economic Struggle Department. On March 21, under the unified leadership of the CPC Special Committee composed of Zhou Enlai, Luo Yinong, Zhao Shiyan and others, Long Dadao organized and led an armed uprising of workers in Zhabei District and the Commercial Press. On the afternoon of March 22, the third armed uprising of the Shanghai workers finally won victory. On March 28, the first executive committee of the Shanghai Federation of Trade Unions elected Wang Shouhua and Yang Peisheng as the chairman and vice chairman, Long Dadao as the minister of economic struggle, and 7 people including Wang Shouhua, Yang Peisheng and Long Dadao as the standing committee of the Shanghai Federation of Trade Unions.

Under the correct leadership of the Shanghai District Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Shanghai Federation of Trade Unions, the workers' movement in Shanghai flourished, and the trade union organizations continued to grow and develop, and by the beginning of April 1927, the number of grass-roots trade union organizations had increased from more than 70 in 1926 to more than 500, the membership had grown from 40,000 to more than 800,000, and the prestige of trade unions was also increasing day by day. The victory of the third armed uprising of the Shanghai workers and the vigorous development of the workers' movement aroused the trepidation and hatred of the right wing of the Kuomintang. From April 3 to 5, Wang Jingwei, Chiang Kai-shek, Li Zongren, Wu Zhihui, and others advocated the immediate use of violent means to "clean up the party." On the evening of the 11th, Wang Shouhua was killed by Du Yuesheng, the leader of the Shanghai gangsters.

On April 12, Chiang Kai-shek launched the "April 12" counter-revolutionary coup that shocked China and foreign countries, killing a large number of Communists and progressives, and plunging Shanghai into white terror. On the 23rd of the same month, the Shanghai Federation of Trade Unions issued the "Declaration on the Strike of the General League", organizing 200,000 workers in the city to set off a strike. Strikers rallied in Zhabei Qingyun Road Square to protest, at which Long Dadao exposed the conspiracies and crimes of the reactionaries and called on the brothers of workers to swear to defend their organization, the Shanghai Federation of Trade Unions. When the workers' procession passed in front of the headquarters of the 2nd Division of the 26th Army on Baoshan Road, they were suddenly shot by the officers and men of the 2nd Division, creating the Baoshan Road Massacre. On the 25th, the Kuomintang Songhu Police Command issued a wanted notice, arresting 20 people, including Lin Jun, Wang Shouqian, Yu Zehong, Wu Guangwu, Li Bozhi, Zhu Youquan, and Long Dadao.

After the "April 12" counter-revolutionary coup, the third armed uprising of the Shanghai workers turned from victory to defeat. From June 19 to 23, China's Fourth National Labor Congress was held at the Central People's Club in Hankou, and Long Dadao led a delegation of Shanghai workers to participate in this grand event. After the closing of the congress, Long Daodao stayed in wuhan and hubei provincial federations of trade unions due to work needs, and continued to engage in the workers' movement. Shortly after going to Wuhan to work, Long Dadao was once again unfortunately arrested. In prison, Long Dao wrote prison poems, which were transferred by his wife to the party organization. Later, with the help of the party organization, Long Daodao and other organizations successfully escaped from prison and returned to the embrace of the party organization.

In December 1927, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided that the Hubei Provincial Party Committee would organize the Nianguan Uprising. In order to make careful arrangements for this uprising, the Hubei Provincial Party Committee established the Hanyang County Committee of the Communist Party of China in Hanyang and its suburbs, consisting of Zhang Hao, Long Dadao, and Ouyang Meisheng. The county party committee is located in Ouyang Meisheng's home, and Ouyang Meisheng's wife, Tao Cheng, is responsible for covering the work of the organ. As a result of the failure of the unexpected riot before the insurrection, many of the underground organs of the Party were destroyed, and the revolution was once again plunged into a difficult fate.

Four

On January 26, 1928, long Dadao's son was born, and he named the child "Zhiwen" (zhi is four strokes, Wen is twelve strokes) to show that he hopes that the children will remember the bloody hatred of the "April 12" reactionaries who slaughtered the Communist Party and the revolutionary masses, as well as the strong desire to avenge the snow and hatred. The following year, his daughter was born and named "Inr" (short for "Internacional") to express his own desire and his desire to fight for the cause of communism for the rest of his life.

In early June 1927, the Zhejiang Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China was formally established. However, due to the harsh purging of the party by the reactionaries and the secret killing, the Zhejiang party organization has been repeatedly destroyed and suffered heavy losses, and the workers' movement in Hangzhou, Ningbo and other cities has also been at a low ebb after the "April 12" counter-revolutionary coup. In late April 1928, Long Dadao was ordered from Shanghai to Hangzhou, and was appointed as the minister of workers of the Zhejiang Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, under the pseudonym Xisheng, and secretly carried out underground work under the cover of the profession of middle school teacher. In the face of this situation, Long Dadao was not discouraged; he often went to the workers to carry out propaganda and ideological work; through in-depth and meticulous work, he opened up the situation of linking up with the masses of workers and peasants, so that the sporadic Party members again saw the strength of the Party organization, thus enhancing the courage of the struggle, and many workers and masses moved closer to the revolutionary organizations. Since then, Long Dadao has taken the party building in the province as the focus of its work and conscientiously done a good job in the development of party members.

In May 1928, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided that Zhuo Lanfang would serve as the secretary of the Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee, and Long Daodao, Li Shuoxun, Zhang Jingshan, and Chen Zhaolong would be added as members of the Standing Committee of the Provincial Party Committee. Because Zhuo Lanfang had just started his work in western Zhejiang and there was no one to succeed him, he could not come to Hangzhou to take up his post. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided that Long Dadao would act as secretary of the Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee.

After presiding over the work of the Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee, Long Avenue went to various counties for many times to investigate. In order to promote the positive and healthy development of the peasant movement and party building work in the whole province, he took the rooftop as the point, adopted the principle of "combining consolidation with development," tempered party organizations through struggle, enhanced combat effectiveness, and a set of party building theories and measures that were relatively systematic and combined with the specific practice of the revolution at that time.

During his stay in Zhejiang, Long Dadao also went to Taizhou, Wenzhou, Wenling, Huangyan and other places to organize and lead the work of peasant associations, implement rent reduction and interest reduction, oppose the exploitation of feudal landlords, and at the same time lose no time in guiding the local workers' movement.

Five

In January 1930, Long Dadao was transferred back to Shanghai, serving as the secretary general of the Shanghai Federation of Trade Unions, the chairman of the Shanghai People's Freedom Movement Grand League, and the secretary of the party group, and successively led the strikes of the Pudong Rihua Spinning Factory and the Zhabei and Hongkou Silk Factories, and mobilized workers to fight for reduced working hours, increased wages, and improved living conditions.

In January 1931, due to Wang Ming's "Left" dogmatism and sectarianism in the party, the party and the revolutionary cause suffered extremely heavy losses. At that time, the Chinese Soviet Preparatory Committee had a contact point in Room 31 of the Oriental Hostel on Hankou Road, and the Jiangsu Provincial Committee also had a contact point in Room 6 of the Zhongshan Hostel on Tianjin Road. On January 17, Lin Yunan, Rou Shi, Hu Yipin, and others held a secret meeting in Room 37 of the Oriental Hostel to discuss countermeasures to resist Wang Ming's "left" line; He Mengxiong, Ouyang Li'an, Cai Bozhen, and others also secretly met in Room 6 of the Zhongshan Hotel to study the issue of opposing Wang Ming. As a result of the traitor's betrayal, all the more than 10 comrades attending the meeting in the two hostels were arrested, and Huang Liwen, secretary of the Long Dao and Zhabei District Party Committees, was arrested during the meeting. A total of 32 comrades, including Long Daodao, Lin Yunan, and He Mengxiong, were arrested from the Oriental Hostel, Zhongshan Hostel, Huade Road Primary School, and other party activity venues and secret organs, plus 4 comrades in another case, for a total of 36 people.

On the morning of January 19, the Second Branch of the Jiangsu Provincial High Court organized a special court at the British Concession Conference Hall on North Zhejiang Road to hold a trial of Long Avenue and others. The police then conducted another arraignment.

On January 23, Long Dadao and 32 other comrades were transferred to the eerie magic cave of the Longhua Songhu Police Headquarters in the southwest suburbs of Shanghai.

Long Dadao was imprisoned in the second and third rooms of the Longhua Garrison Headquarters, adjacent to Ouyang Li'an and Roushi, who were locked up in the ninth room of the second lane. In Longhua Prison, Long Daodao took advantage of the opportunity of "letting go of the wind" to exchange views with Lin Yunan, He Mengxiong, and others, studied the tactics for continuing to struggle against Wang Ming, and seized the time to write a long report to the CPC Central Committee and the Communist International, once again stating the serious harm caused by "Left" opportunism to the revolutionary cause and their clear attitude of strongly demanding that the Central Committee and the Comintern resolutely correct them; this was the last work he could do for the party during his lifetime.

At about 10:30 p.m. on February 7, 1931, the warden led a large number of gendarmes to the cell and announced to Long Daodao, Lin Yunan, He Mengxiong, Li Qiushi and 24 other people (21 men and 3 women) that they would be transferred to Nanjing detention, saying that they would be handcuffed and taken out of the cell. Subsequently, they were taken to the upstairs of the Military Justice Department of the headquarters for interrogation, asking for fingerprints to be stamped on the official documents one by one, and when the comrades knew that it was the execution book, they angrily questioned and wrestled with the gendarmes, who rushed up, beat 24 people including Long Dadao and injured them, and forcibly dragged them under the Longhua Tower. The reactionaries' gunshots suddenly rang out, and when they heard gunshots, Long Dadao and 24 other people shouted the slogan "Long live the Communist Party of China," and fell down one by one, blood staining the land under the tower red. The next day, the warden sent a large truck to transport the remains of Long Dadao and 24 other people to a square tower northwest of Longhua and buried them secretly in a deep pit dug in advance, in a vain attempt to cover up his bloody and despicable fascist crimes.

After the founding of New China, Chairman Mao Zedong personally issued a glorious commemorative certificate for the revolutionary martyrs for The Dragon Avenue, which was issued by the Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China to the relatives of the Dragon Avenue, praising the martyrs: "Great deeds and great deeds, immortal!" ”

Six

Dragon Avenue is an excellent son and daughter of the Chinese nation, the pride of the jinping people, and the pride of the people of Guizhou! In the arduous revolutionary struggle, he charged forward, was heroic and fearless, and was awe-inspiring in righteousness in the face of the enemy's threats, inducements, and torture, and showed his unswerving belief in communism and the heroism of preferring to die unyieldingly. With his young and precious life, he composed a heroic song and a song of righteousness that could be sung and wept, and the song of righteousness.

The life of The Dragon Avenue is a short life, but also a glorious life. Long Dao was less than thirty years old at the time of sacrifice, however, his short life was immortal. His tireless pursuit of truth, his firm belief in communism, his strong will as strong as steel in the revolutionary struggle, and his style of arduous struggle are the precious spiritual wealth of the people of Guizhou.

The life of The Dragon Avenue is a life of pursuing the truth and fighting for the truth. He devoted all his energies to the cause of the Party, fought heroically for the revolution under the white terror, did not fear danger, and in the course of the struggle he strengthened his faith in communism and firmly believed that the revolution would surely triumph in China. Although he failed to see the victory today, the cause he had fought for, Chinese under the unity and leadership of the Communist Party of China, fought with blood and perseverance, overthrew the three mountains with armed revolution against armed counter-revolution, completely ended the history of the semi-colonial and semi-feudal society of old China, completely ended the situation in which old China was scattered, and completely abolished the unequal treaties imposed on China by the great powers and all the privileges of imperialism in China. The People's Republic of China, where the people are the masters of their own affairs, has achieved national independence and people's liberation, and realized that "the dark clouds will always disperse one day, and the sun will come out of the east."

The life of Long Daodao was a life of selfless dedication to the party and the revolutionary cause. The lofty spirit embodied in Long Dao has profound connotations that span the times, and is concentrated in the spirit of caring for the people and enthusiastically helping others; the spirit of selfless dedication in the pursuit of truth and not fearing sacrifice; the spirit of arduous struggle that is indifferent to fame and fortune and selfless dedication; and the fearless heroic spirit of perseverance and courage to struggle. These spirits are an important part of the national spirit and the spirit of the times, and are rich spiritual resources for building a socialist core value system.

This year marks the 120th anniversary of the birth of Comrade Long Dadao and coincides with the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China. In the red land of Guizhou, the people of all ethnic groups have always been linked to the party in flesh and blood and share a common destiny. Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, Guizhou ushered in a new era of history. The fundamental change in the historical destiny of the people of Guizhou and the renewal of the appearance of the mountains and rivers in Guizhou fundamentally stem from the strong leadership and cordial concern of the party Central Committee, from the thousands of revolutionary martyrs like Comrade Long Dao who have gone forward to succeed and sacrificed their lives, and from the unremitting struggle and arduous struggle of generation after generation of communists uniting and leading the cadres and masses of all nationalities in the province. "In order to have the courage to sacrifice more, dare to teach the sun and the moon for a new day." Their meritorious deeds are remembered in history, and their spirit shines through the ages, and will forever inspire the cadres and masses of all nationalities in the province to forge ahead courageously on the new journey of modernization! As one of the typical representatives of countless revolutionary martyrs who threw their heads and spilled their blood in the history of modern revolution, longdao has inspired and inspired generations of Qiandongnan people, Guizhou people, and Chinese, and is worthy of being a model of the Chinese nation, the leader of the Chinese workers' movement, and the outstanding sons and daughters of the Miao and Dong people!

Vigorously advocating and carrying forward the revolutionary spirit of the martyrs of Longda Avenue is to encourage the people of all ethnic groups in Guizhou to strengthen their confidence, strengthen their convictions, and unite their strength to overcome difficulties; for us to follow the general requirements of "taking the overall situation with high-quality development" put forward by General Secretary Xi Jinping, adhere to the general tone of the work of seeking progress in a stable manner, based on the new development stage, implement the new development concept, integrate into the new development pattern, and keep the two bottom lines of development and ecology; for us to unswervingly achieve "two safeguards" and always advance in the correct political direction For us to unswervingly strengthen the party's innovative theoretical armament, always hold high the great banner of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era; for us to unswervingly take the overall situation into account with high-quality development, focusing on the "four new" to attack the "four modernizations"; for us to unswervingly take the people as the center and focus on creating a high-quality life; for us to unswervingly promote the construction of ecological civilization and make every effort to create a high-level ecology; for us to unswervingly promote the comprehensive and strict management of the party and consolidate the political ecology of development. On the new journey, it is of great practical significance and epochal value to create a colorful new future for Guizhou that is rich for the people and ecological beauty.

Comrade Long Dao, together with thousands of revolutionary martyrs, has fulfilled his promise to the party and the people with his revolutionary practice and precious lives, and his revolutionary spirit has been gathered in the revolutionary spirit of unity and struggle of the Chinese Communists, the Chinese people, and the Chinese nation, and into the spiritual genealogy of the Chinese Communists. We must inherit and carry forward these revolutionary spirits, inherit the red gene, continue the red bloodline, pass on these precious spiritual wealth as "heirlooms" from generation to generation, have the courage to overcome all risks and challenges, and strive to create new achievements worthy of the party, the people, and the times with an unswerving mental state and an attitude of indomitable struggle!

Revolutionary martyrs are immortal!

Source: Guizhou Daily