When talking about Mount Taishan's "sacrificial cliff" the day before yesterday, it was mentioned that there was a story of "mother and child connecting hearts" in the Twenty-Four Filial Pieties of China.
For example, Su Qin saw that The King of Yan said "filial piety is like Zengsan"; Wang Chong said", "Ren is like Yan Yuan, filial piety is like Zeng Ginseng.". ”
Zeng Was born in the late Spring and Autumn Period, a native of Nanwucheng, Luguo (present-day Jiaxiang, Shandong). At the age of 16, he worshipped Confucius as a teacher and was an important disciple of Confucius in his later years. When Zengsan was 27 years old, Confucius, who was soon alive, entrusted his grandson Zisi to Zengsan. After Confucius's death, he participated in the tomb of Confucius for three years, just like his father.
Zeng Zi advocated Confucianism with "filial piety and faithfulness" as the core, the political concept of "repairing Qi Zhiping", and the cultivation concept of "introspection and prudence and independence". Zeng Zi participated in the compilation of the Analects, wrote the University, the Filial Piety Sutra, the Ten Articles of Zeng Zi and other works, and was regarded as a "Zongsheng" by his descendants.
Pictured: ZengZi was one of the most important disciples of Confucius in his later years, entrusted by Confucius on his deathbed to undertake the responsibility of raising his grandson Zisi
Zengzi's "Liangshan Song" and Zengzi's famous saying "Soldiers can not not hongyi" have become part of Taishan culture.
Today we tell the story of Taishan's filial piety.
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="7" > Zengzi made the Taishan folk song "Liangshan Song"</h1>
Zeng Zi is a man, calm and thick. Among the disciples of Confucius, known for filial piety and self-cultivation, he worked in the Taishan area in his early years, and the ancient books recorded: "Zengzi cultivated under Mount Taishan, the rain and snow were frozen, and he could not return for ten days, thinking of his parents, and composing the "Song of Liangshan". ”
It is said that because of the rain and snow obstruction, Zengzi could not go home for many days, and the mood of missing his parents could not be expressed, so he created the "Liangshan Song", that is, the later "Liang Father Yin", the tune was somber and desolate, full of mournful feelings, and widely circulated. Later generations of Zhuge Liang, Li Bai, etc. were good at chanting this tune.
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="40" > have participated in "mother-child connection"</h1>
One day Zengzi went up the mountain to cut firewood, and there were guests in the house, and there was only Zengzi's mother in the family, and the mother had a benevolent heart and did not want his friend to run away in vain, so what to do? The mother bit her finger, and ZengShan, who was far away in the mountains, suddenly felt heartache and hurried home with firewood on his back to see what had happened to his mother. The mother said: "There is a guest suddenly arrived, I have no choice but to bite my finger, I hope you can feel that your mother needs your help."
The mother bit her own hand, only wishing that ZengShan, who in the deep mountains, felt her own heartache, if it was not filial piety, who could do it if the mother and son were even in the heart?
Pictured: Zengzi "Mother and Child Connect Hearts"
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="41" > Zengzi "died and burst into tears"</h1>
Later, zengzi's biological mother died, in order to take care of his father, Zengzi persuaded his father to find a stepmother for himself, "the stepmother is unkind, still providing for him."
In 475 BC, zengsan was 31 years old, his father died of illness, and it is said that his great-son "died, tears were like a fountain, and the water pulp did not enter for seven days". Later, whenever he received other people's funeral notes, he would think of his father, and tears would wet the placket.
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="60" > great-grandson "the stepmother is unsatisfactory and still provides for it"</h1>
In the seventeenth year of the Duke of Lu (450 BC), his great-grandson and stepmother died, and according to the ceremonial system, he was buried at home for three years. During this period, he gained a deeper understanding of "filial piety":
"Filial piety to one's parents, when they are alive, use morality to assist them not to commit mistakes; after death, treat them with sorrow, and treat them with respect and courtesy during sacrifices.
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="42" > Zengzi "trembles, like approaching the abyss, like walking on thin ice"</h1>
When the elderly Zengzi was getting sicker and knew that his life would not last long, he gathered his disciples to his side and said to them, "Look at my feet, look at my hands!" From now on, I know that my body will never be damaged again, O disciples! ”
Zengzi believes that the body is born of his parents and must be cherished as a filial piety all his life. The poem says: 'Trembling is like approaching the abyss, like walking on thin ice.' When Zeng Zi was dying, he let his disciples see that his hands and feet were well protected, that is, he used words and deeds to instruct students to be cautious throughout their lives and abide by filial piety.
In addition, regarding the relationship between taishan stone carvings and Zengzi, near the Taishan Wuxian Ancestral Hall, there is a "Hongyi" stone carving, which comes from ZengZi's "Soldiers can not not hongyi, the task is heavy and the road is long, benevolent to their own responsibility, is not also heavy?" This means encouraging readers to be self-reliant and have perseverance in order to take on heavy responsibilities. This stone echoes the Northwest-facing Confucian Holy Land "Five Sages Ancestral Hall", and is in line with the Confucian advocacy of "scholars, with the world in mind, and universal to all sentient beings".
Pictured: Zeng Ziyi said, "Can't a soldier not be honorable, the task is heavy and the road is long, and benevolence thinks that he is his own responsibility, but is it not also important?" ”
In addition, there are many philosophical sayings about Zengzi that we are familiar with, such as:
• Three Provinces:
"My Three Provinces and My Body: Seeking For Others and Not Being Faithful? Friends and not convinced? Can't get used to it? ”
• Self-cultivation and family governance of the country and the world:
Those who want to be wise and virtuous in the world of the ancient world will rule their country first; those who want to rule their country will first cultivate their homes; those who want to cultivate their homes first cultivate their bodies; those who want to cultivate their bodies must first straighten out their hearts; those who want to straighten out their hearts first be sincere in their intentions; those who want to be sincere in their intentions will first be known; and those who want to know what they want to know; and those who want to know what they want to know. ”
• Seeing Death as Homecoming:
"It is better to be rich than to be poor, and it is better to be humiliated than to die to be proud." Humiliation can be avoided, and it is only avoided; and its inescapable also makes a gentleman regard death as a return. ”
• Adult Beauty:
"A gentleman does not precede people with evil, does not doubt people with unbelief, does not speak of the faults of men, and is the beauty of adulthood."
Zeng Zi also has a famous saying that "cautiously pursue the far side". In the "Analects", it is said that "prudence will eventually pursue the distant, and the people's morality will return to the thick", expounding the importance of filial piety to improve the people's customs, prudently handling the funeral of parents, and reverently sacrificing and remembering the ancestors, which will mellow the social atmosphere and make the moral customs of the people return to the thick way, and Zengzi is really a Taishan filial piety.