Ji Kang and Shan Tao
Recently reading Ji Kang's "Book of Renunciation with Mountain Juyuan", I can't help but wonder. In a letter of renunciation, Ji Kang actually indulged nearly 2,000 words, talking about the past and the present, from beginning to end, the momentum was endless, the writing was gentle, and the meaning was very spicy and mean.
Ji Kang said that he originally thought that Shantao was his confidant, but in fact, the character of the two was completely different, "under the feet, more can be more and less strange; my straightness is narrow, and I am more unbearable." Now that he was willing to recommend him to serve the imperial court, he had to say it well.
The letter mostly expounds from the positive side of his own views on how to behave in the world and the principles of being a person, the sentence style is very beautiful, scattered, very charming, "This empty language with the knowledge that there are masters who are all unbearable, the outside is not special, and the inside is not wrong, with the same flow as the first life, and regret is not stingy." ”
"Therefore, a gentleman does a hundred things, and he follows the same path, moves according to his nature, and attaches himself to his own peace."
"Jane and courtesy go against the grain, laziness and slowness go hand in hand."
"The heart of Rongjin is deteriorating day by day, and the feelings of renunciation are turning to tuk."
"I am not as good as the assets of the Heir Sect, but there is a slow relaxation; I am ignorant of human feelings, and I am secretly opportunistic; I have no caution of ten thousand stones, but I have the exhaustion of exhaustion."
"Yu does not force Bo Chengzi to be tall, and all his knots are also; Zhongni does not pretend to cover Zixia and protect his shortness; Zhuge Kongming does not force Yuan Zhi to enter Shu, and Huazi fish is not strong and young An is Qing Xiang."
"Straight wood can't be wheels, and curved wood can't be radial."
The article uses a lot of allusions, the use is very flexible and natural, Ji Kang almost did not directly accuse Shantao of many is not, but borrowed allusions, the Shantao scolded not lightly.
Ji Kang said in the letter: "Afraid of the sole cutting of the shameful people under the feet, the corpse is blessed with self-help, and the hand recommends the knife, and the bread is fishy." ”
"Zhuangzi Getaway": "Although the ku people do not cure the people, the corpse blessing does not cross the bottle and replace it." "Yue Li Dai Ku was saying that the priest was troublesome and ran from the back to the front. Ji Kang reversed the scene, and Cook Ku pulled the corpse Zhu to help, and used a "shy" word, which actually pointed out that Shantao was embarrassed to help the official alone, so he dragged Ji Kang to be a helper, and also made him a fishy body, strongly expressing the indignation in his heart. The word "fear" is very good, Ji Kang did not say that Shantao is such a person, this is just his own worry.
Ji Kang went on to say, "Don't see yourself as a good ZhangFu, but force people to be crowned with literature; they are addicted to stink and rot, and they raise ducks and chicks to die rats." The first half of the sentence is fine, and what you want cannot be imposed on others, but it is always a good thing, and the second half of the sentence is mean and unfriendly.
Zhuangzi Qiushui: "There is a bird in the south, and its name is Mandarin Chick... Non-sycamores do not stop, non-practice does not eat, non-liquan does not drink. So the bird got rotten rats, the ducks and chicks over, looked up at it, and looked up, Hehe! Ji Kang changed the code again, the owl himself likes to eat rotten rats, but also let the noble mandarin chicks eat, no doubt, Ji Kang compared himself to the mandarin chicks, and Shantao is the owl.
Finally, Ji Kang used an allusion from the column: "The wild man has a fast and beautiful celery, and the supreme devotion, although it has the meaning of a small amount, has also been neglected." Comparing ShanTao to a savage, and being the supreme, he does not hide his condescending contempt, but he cunningly follows the sentence "May the foot not be like it."
"Liezi Yang Zhu": "The Song dynasty has a field man, who is often dressed in silk and only to spend the winter." Ji Chun Dong Zuo, who exposed himself to the sun, did not know that there was a Guangsha Kui Room in the world, a fox fox, and Gu said to his wife: "The negative sun, the unknown one, to offer my king, will have a heavy reward." The rich man told him: "In the past, there were those who had beautiful thorns and sweet stems and celery, and called them to the village lords; the townspeople took and tasted them, stung them in their mouths, and were miserable in their stomachs, and the people complained about it, and their people were ashamed." Sub-class also. ’”
Ji Kang used three allusions specifically for Shantao, explaining the reason for breaking off relations with Shantao. The first condemns Shantao, knowing that he is a tiger, so don't cover up me; the second condemns Shantao, what you pursue is what I hate; the third condemns Shantao, you are very shallow, I am very noble.
ShanTao
Is Shantao such a person?
I can responsibly say that Shantao is not such a person.
Shan Tao is not a small person with a blind eye, but a visionary talent.
Pretending to be ill is a common trick of Sima Yi, who pretended to be ill and deceived Zhuge Liang, and later fought with Cao Shuang for power, he also said that he was sick and not in the dynasty, and Shantao was very worried. Shi Jian said to Shan Tao, "The ruler is the first to return, Qing He is worried!" "In today's parlance, Cao Shuang gave him an A4 piece of paper and sent him home. Shan Tao immediately warned Shi Jian not to run back and forth under the hooves of other people's horses, and he resolutely abandoned the official and left.
Sima Yan decided to send troops to attack the State of Wu to complete the great cause of reunification, but many ministers opposed it, and Sima Yan was furious. Shan Tao did not dare to speak, but he said to people privately: "Since he is not a saint, there will be internal worries in outer Ning, and now that Wu is afraid of the outside, is it not counted!" After Sima Yan became emperor, in addition to being in his hands, the politics were relatively clear, and the absurd chaos of the Western Jin court was simply the biggest joke in history.
After the establishment of the Western Jin Dynasty, Sima Yan disarmed all counties and counties, and Shantao vigorously opposed it, believing that once a popular rebellion occurred, it would be difficult to deal with it in time, but Sima Yan did not listen, and the consequences were as Shantao said.
Shan Tao is not an inflamed villain, but a virtuous and powerful minister.
Shantao was in a high position as a servant of Shangshu, and at that time, the party had monopoly power and political disputes, and Shantao was in charge of the selection of officials, but never appointed the hou party. Whether in the local area or in Shangshu Province, Shantao has no selfish heart, and has always adhered to the principle of selecting talents and lifting talents, and he has selected and appointed more than 100 officials before and after, and he can perform his duties conscientiously.
Shantao never corrupts the law and is honest and honest for officials.
Shantao was successively valued by Sima Shi and Sima Zhao, especially Sima Yan relied heavily on him, successively serving as Dahongxu, Shizhong , Shangshu of the Bureaucracy, Prince Shaofu, Zuo Shu, situ, etc., ranking third duke, fengbo, and also having a high reputation in the court. But he was a clean and honest official, lived a simple life, did not take concubines, did not have maids, and every reward was scattered among his relatives and friends. Therefore, the family had no surplus wealth, and after his death, the funeral expenses had to be paid by Sima Yan.
Shantao did not covet high positions and returned to his hometown dozens of times.
Shan Tao constantly asked Sima Yan to resign on the grounds of old age and frailty or taking care of his family, but he was all retained or rejected, and he had to passively absent from work or not say goodbye, for which he was impeached and disobeyed, but Sima Yan comforted him: "Bai Praise Junjun is very vain, so he does not push it, and he does not like to be fierce. The wisdom of the king, don't you mind evil! Bento regency, order out of chapter table also. Sima Yan even told the inner ministers that if Shantao was unwell, he would send a car to pick him up.
Sima Yi
Ji Kang and Shantao have been friends for many years, do they not know anything about Shantao's personality? If you know, why did you say evil things about Shantaokou?
This has to start from the family lineage of Ji Kang and Shantao.
Ji Kang's wife was Princess Changle Ting of the State of Wei, the granddaughter of Cao Cao's 10th son, Cao Bao, so he worshiped Guan Langzhong, equivalent to the emperor's attendant official, second only to Shilang, and later appointed Zhongshan Dafu, who was in charge of deliberating on political affairs, and above the Counselor, similar to the policy think tank and staff officer in the general office, so he was called "Ji Zhongshan". After Sima Yi eliminated Cao Shuang and took sole control of the government, Ji Kang abandoned his official position and left.
Sima Yi's wife Zhang Chunhua was the daughter of Aunt Shantao, shantao and Sima Yi were cousins, and their generations were one generation higher than Sima Shi and Sima Zhao, and because of this relationship, under Sima Shi's arrangement, Shantao was able to raise filial piety to the shi, and later served as the official cao lang, who was the lang zhongguan of the official department, the rank was equal to that of the zhongsan, and the supervisor was in charge of the selection of officials, and he had great power.
Subsequently, Shantao was transferred to the zhonglang of the grand general Wang Chang (chǎng), who was also a kind of lang official, and the rank did not change, but became an aide and close attendant of sikong and Wang Chang, at that time Sima Yi was a taifu, and Wang Chang was Sima Yi's person, it can be said that Shantao was one step closer to Sima Xiao's circle.
It is said that Shan Tao wanted to recommend Ji Kang as the official vacancy he had left behind in the bureaucracy at this time, but this idea was not actually implemented. Ji Kang later heard about this, so he wrote a "Letter of Renunciation with Shan Juyuan" to Shan Tao. One thing is very strange, Ji Kang said in the letter that he got the news "the year before", why did it take so long to write a letter?
The reasonable explanation is that Ji Kang was playing on a borrowed topic, and this should have happened when Sima Zhao summoned Ji Kang to serve as his shogunate subordinate, Ji Kang hid for this and ran to Hedong County, Zhong Hui deliberately came to the door to extend the invitation, but Ji Kang ignored him. Therefore, the "Letter of Renunciation with Shan Juyuan" may be a letter of rejection to Sima Zhao, because although he refused in action, some words in his heart were still not unpleasant.
Although Ji Kang was indifferent to fame and fortune and paid attention to health, he was not an official, but he was only willing to be an official of Cao Wei. Sima Shi usurped power from Wei, and Ji Kang, as a member of the Cao Wei clique, seemed to have the intention of not conspiring with Sima Shi. If Ji Kang and Shan Tao were not compatible, then why didn't he break off his friendship with Wang Rong, who was of poor character among the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest?
It can be seen that this matter is not caused by personal differences between Ji Kang and Shantao. Ji Kang said in his letter: "The meaning is so, that is, to solve the foot, and to think otherwise. He only said "don't", but did not say "break off relations", the title of this letter is "Renunciation with Shan Juyuan" originally existed, or was it proposed by posterity?
Before ji kang was about to be executed, he said to his son Ji Shao: "The giant source is here, and Ru is not alone. Later, Shan Tao did recommend Ji Shao, and he said to Shao, "For the sake of Junsi's long time, there is news at four o'clock in heaven and earth, and the situation is worse than people." It can be seen that the friendship between them is always there, Ji Kang regards Shantao as a trustworthy person in his life, and Shantao has not failed him.
Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest
Ji Kang's personality has been praised by generations, but Shantao's reputation has been damaged a lot because of a letter from Ji Kang. Shantao's talent and interest are not as good as Ji Kang's Ruanzhi, but Shantao's insight is better than theirs. Ji Kang's way of doing things has a profound background of the times, the peace and prosperity, for people to live in the world must not learn Ji Kang, especially ordinary people can not be Ji Kang as an example, insight is more important than knowing the interest.
Ji Kang ridiculed Shantao as "omnipotent", but he himself had "seven unbearable and two even more unbearable", collectively known as "nine plagues". I'll show you in the current language:
First, I like to sleep late, it is inevitable to be late for work, I can't stand going to work on time; second, I like to go to the scenery, engage in some literary and artistic atmosphere, I can't stand it; third, I must wear formal clothes at work, I can't stand it; fourth, I need to come and go to work frequently, I can't stand it; fifth, I don't like the memorial service, but it's not good not to go, I can't stand it; sixth, I have a high self-esteem, my colleagues are so tacky, I can't stand it; seventh, work is too busy, I can't stand it; eighth, I like to sing against mainstream society, Don't let me say I can't do it; nine, I have no mouth, I can't see it, I want to say, let me shut up I can't do it.
"Ji Kang" is completely a social disorder patient, and "he" does not go to work for the following reasons: I have a bad heart and need to maintain my body; there have been some recent changes in the family that have made me feel bad; and two children are young and need my care. Finally, I have to threaten, don't push me, or I'll go crazy.
When encountering such students, it is estimated that the leaders and colleagues will go crazy first!
Ji Kang is a health expert, has published many health care works, and practices it, he believes that although he cannot live forever, he thinks that shoubi Pengzu is still possible. But his life came to an abrupt halt at the prime of his 40s. If a person is not first accepted by society, then what is the use of simply studying health?
Of course, man cannot lose himself, but in addition to the self, there should be him. The process of adapting to society is the process of tempering oneself and constantly growing up, which is like this for most ordinary people.
#Traditional Literature ##为人 #