Lu Zhaolin, a miserable poet with a high heart and a thin heart

Yang Wang Lu Luo was in the body at that time, light and thin for Wen Luo.

Ercao's body and name are destroyed, and the rivers and rivers are not wasted.

This is one of the Tang Dynasty poet Du Fu's "Drama for Six Absolute Sentences". "Yang Wang Lu Luo" refers to Yang Jiong, Wang Bo, Lu Zhaolin, luo Bin Wang, known as the "Four Masters of the Early Tang Dynasty". Although none of the four of them had a perfect ending, Lu Zhaolin should be the most miserable and ill-fated. According to the Old Book of Tang, Lu Zhaolin: "Lu Zhaolin, who went to the official because of the wind and disease, was in the Taibai Mountains, and took the bait as a matter. After the rapid turn to Tuk, he migrated to Yang Zhai Zhi Zhi Ci Mountain... The neighbor was depressed and ruined, and he could not bear his suffering, and he tasted to say goodbye to his relatives, so he threw himself into the water and died. "Woe to you! The end of a generation of talents is so tragic.

Lu Zhaolin, zi shengzhi, self-proclaimed Youyouzi, Youzhou Fanyang (near present-day Daxing, Beijing) people, good at seven words and songs, has a certain contribution to the promotion of the development of the Seven Ancients, posterity has compiled "YouyouZi Collection", more than ninety poems. When Lu Zhaolin was young, he studied under Cao Xian and Wang Yifang to receive primary school and economic history education, and was knowledgeable and literate. It can be said that Lu Zhaolin was a smart and clever child when he was a child, eager to learn and self-motivated, and worked hard. Lu Zhaolin, who has a good literary accomplishment, of course, also has his own life ideals and political ambitions, that is, to be a master among people and a person who contributes to society.

In the fifth year of Emperor Gaozong's reign (654 AD), Lu Zhaolin, who was about 20 years old, although he did not pass the imperial examination, became the pawn of the Deng Dynasty palace by virtue of his talent. Li Yuanyu the Prince of Deng, the seventeenth son of Li Yuan of Tang Gaozu, was created the Prince of Deng in the eleventh year of Zhenguan. The post of pawn sign held by Lu Zhaolin was the official in charge of the documents in the various royal palaces of the Tang Dynasty. Judging from King Deng's evaluation of Lu Zhaolin, lu Zhaolin's signature in the Deng King's mansion was very important. At that time, King Deng once said in front of the officials in his palace and the dignitaries who came to visit him: "The Western Han Dynasty Liang Xiaowang had such a great talent as Sima Xiangru as his staff, and Lu Zhaolin was a widow. Of course, King Deng's admiration and praise of Lu Zhaolin in this way was not intended to elevate him, but because Lu Zhaolin himself was indeed a talented and outstanding figure. According to the "Chao Ye You Zai", Li Yuanyu, the king of Deng, "had twelve cars of books in the mansion, which were generally draped according to the neighbors, and could be slightly remembered." This means that there are many books in the Palace of Deng, and after Lu Zhaolin roughly reads it, the content of each book can be remembered. It is reported that on another occasion, Lu Zhaolin competed with people in the Book Bureau to compose "Double Hibiscus Tree Endowment", which was copied by many people after it was endowed, and the price of Chang'an paper rose sharply for a while. It was because of his very famous "Double Hibiscus Tree Endowment" that people later changed the name of the Book Bureau to "Double Hibiscus Department".

During his stay at the Palace of The Tang Dynasty, Lu Zhaolin worked leisurely, and when he was not on official business, he went to Chang'an City to take a look around. This look, not too tight, can see a masterpiece of eternity "Chang'an Ancient Meaning" to come. At that time, Chang'an City was bustling with cars and people, and it was a bustling scene. Standing at the head of Chang'an City, strolling along Chang'an Avenue, Lu Zhaolin's poetry was great. The first thing that caught his eye was "Chang'an Avenue with narrow slopes, green cows and white horses and seven fragrant cars." The jade dragon crossed the main hall, and the golden whip rushed towards the Hou family. The dragon treasure covers the sunrise, and the phoenix spits tassels with the sunset.". However, Lu Zhaolin did not want people to include himself among the poets of the palace poetry, he wanted to transform the palace poetry, to remove its "flashiness" and "charm", to transform the degeneration of the court with the indulgence of the city, to replace shyness with boldness, and to replace contraction with freedom. This is just as Wen Yiduo commented, "The palace poetry in the hands of Lu Zhaolin and Luo Bin went from the court to the city." At the same time, Wen Yiduo also admired Lu Zhaolin's seven words and songs, and when he commented on the "Ancient Meaning of Chang'an" that was praised by posterity, he said: "In the suffocating haze, the void is empty and tired, and suddenly there is a thunderbolt, followed by a wild storm! The insect yin could not be heard, so it was the appearance of Lu Zhaolin's "Chang'an Ancient Meaning". In the following narrative, Lu Zhaolin's thoughts surged and poured down, describing the life of the "noble and arrogant, narrow and evil and colorful" life of the princes and nobles of the imperial capital Chang'an at that time, which was breathtaking. In particular, the sentence in the poem, "If you have to become a mandarin duck and not envy the immortals", it is a classic, and it has been repeatedly quoted by posterity.

However, reading the whole poem carefully, it is not difficult for people to see that Lu Zhaolin is hurting himself with the description of the ancient capital Chang'an and lamenting the changes in the world. In the introduction, the "Selected Poems of Tang" said that one of the characteristics of the content of the whole poem is to highlight the political struggle of those in power of the ruling class, alluding to the fact that the ministers of the Tang Gaozong era fell on each other. Soon after, Lu Zhaolin was "detained in a horizontal incident", framed and imprisoned, but fortunately he and a group of friends came to the rescue and was able to get out of prison.

From Lu Zhaolin's poems, it is not difficult for us to see that he was a poet with a strong sense of the times, who was as eager to pursue politics as his contemporaries, eager to make meritorious achievements, and show his lofty ambitions. However, the blow of this "arbitrary matter being detained" made the poet who was conceited with talent feel disappointed, but there was nothing he could do. In the five poems "Qu Chi He", he once strongly expressed his feelings of not meeting and being snubbed: "Floating incense surrounds the curved shore, the round shadow fuhua pond, often afraid of the autumn wind early, drifting zero Jun does not know." ”

Shortly after his release from prison, in the second year of Emperor Gaozong's reign (665), the 31-year-old Lu Zhaolin had a new post and served as a county lieutenant in the new capital of Yizhou (near present-day Chengdu, Sichuan), equivalent to the current head of public security. After the new official took office, Lu Zhaolin did not show much enthusiasm. It is not like Li Bai, who was already 42 years old, after receiving the news that he had been recruited by Tang Xuanzong as a royal scholar, he shouted madly, "Laugh at the sky and go out, my generation is a basil" ("Nanling Bei Children Enter Beijing"). On the contrary, Lu Zhaolin reacted flatly, and even a little more depressed, which is likely related to the blow he suffered from his previous imprisonment, and more likely to have something to do with the political center of Chang'an, which was caused by those in power to make him travel a long distance to Sichuan and far away from Chang'an.

Looking at the relevant historical materials, the facts are more or less the same. It is said that at that time, when Pei Xingjian, a famous minister of the Tang Dynasty, was famous for his knowledge, Once Li Jingxuan praised the talents of Wang Bo, Lu Zhaolin and other "four masters" in front of him, and introduced them to Pei Xingjian. Si Jie was already very famous at that time, but Pei Xingjian shook his head and said: "The zhiyuan of the soldiers, the first instrumental knowledge, then the literature and art, such as Bo and so on, although they are talented, but impetuous and dazzling, how can they enjoy the Juelu people?" Pei Xingjian said the meaning very clearly, how high and how far a person can go on the road of life, the weight and vision are the first, and only then can they learn to be high and low. Wang Bo and others, although they are talented, but they are impetuous and unstable, and they always want to express themselves. Perhaps it is precisely for this reason that Lu Zhaolin was "assigned" to serve in Xindu. For this result, he is of course a little depressed with high self-esteem.

During this period, Lu Zhaolin, who was depressed and in a dull mood, once wrote "Sending Liu Jiulong", expressing his feelings of not meeting Liu Jiulong, who was pregnant with talent, distant visitors to Western Shu, and was lonely and sad, "Violin ten thousand miles, negative books for thirty years... Guanshan Sorrowful Shu Road, flowers and birds remember Qin Chuan". At the same time, at a banquet, he also vented his anger in front of The officials of Yizhou and wrote "Gifts to the Officials of Yizhou": "A bird from northern Yan flew to Western Shu ... Day and night bitter wind and frost, thinking of returning to Luoyang. ”

However, it was during his eunuch tour in Chengdu that Lu Zhaolin met The Petite, cute, charming and charming young woman Guo Shi. During the period when the two were together, their feelings were very harmonious, so that after Lu Zhaolin did not quit and returned to Luoyang for treatment, Guo Still missed him infinitely. Even without a message from Lu Zhaolin for a long time, Guo also confided in Lu Zhaolin's friend Luo Binwang about his thoughts about him. It was precisely because Guo Shi met Luo Binwang that people learned that Lu Zhaolin also had a beautiful person in Sichuan. At that time, luo Binwang, who had an impulsive personality and liked to do things with a spontaneous attitude, heard Guo's story, and then angrily raised his pen and scolded Lu Zhaolin as a "negative heart" on behalf of Guo without asking questions, making Lu Zhaolin embarrassed. Luo Bin Wang scolded with poetry, in his poem "Yan Qing Dai Guo's Reply to Lu Zhaolin", he was righteous and stern, and his feelings were intense, and Dai Guo said that "whoever is divided into two years old, who can take the pulse to wait for the three autumns" is infatuated and deeply loved. In fact, where did King Luo Bin know that At that time, Lu Zhaolin was suffering from wind and disease, and his life was still difficult to protect, and he had no energy or time to return to Guo's side.

But then again, this matter cannot all be blamed on Luo Binwang's impulsive feelings and arrogance. Because Lu Zhaolin was unfortunately infected with wind disease, it was during his tenure as a new capital lieutenant that he left Chengdu to return to Luoyang for medical treatment, and he had every condition and reason to say hello to Guo First. According to the "Biography of Tang Caizi Lu Zhaolin", Lu Zhaolin was "a lieutenant who moved to the new capital and went to the official with a baby illness". As a result, his elder brother did not quit himself, how could he blame Guo Shi for complaining everywhere, and how could he blame Luo Binwang for not understanding the truth.

We say that Lu Zhaolin's life was a miserable life, but in fact it should be said that it began after he suffered from wind disease. The blows suffered in the official arena before are nothing compared to the physical illness, especially the incurable disease. Moreover, Lu Zhaolin is also a person with great talent, great ambition, and a very strong willingness to be born, and the illusion and passion of winning fame and fame, and the heroic spirit of not being willing to be subordinated to others has always stirred and surged in the chest of this talented man.

Lu Zhaolin's heart was never willing to end his life like this, and he had to fight tenaciously with the disease. As soon as he returned to Luoyang, he sought medical treatment everywhere in order to cure himself as soon as possible, return to his career as soon as possible, realize the ideal in his heart, and show his great ambition. When he learned the news that the medical saint Sun Simiao lived in the old residence of Princess Poyang in Chang'an, he asked to see Sun Simiao with the gift of a teacher. As soon as he saw Sun Simiao, Lu Zhaolin, as if he had seen a savior, asked urgently: "What is the way for a famous doctor to heal his illness?" Sun Simiao said: Heaven and man, man and heaven, all have their similarities. There are four o'clock in the day, the cold and summer change, and the sun and the moon push each other. Harmony is rain, anger is wind, scattering is dew, chaos is fog, condensation is frost and snow. This is the normal law of heaven and earth, and once it loses its normal operation, it will produce the disaster of water, drought, wind and frost. That's why we're sick. Listening to the master's answer, Lu Zhaolin asked again: "Can this scene be changed?" Sun Simiao said: There are diseases that can be eliminated, there are disasters that can be eliminated in heaven and earth, and the way to maintain health is the first word "fear". If a person has a carefree heart, it will be difficult to succeed in his cause, and disasters will come; on the contrary, he will be able to "reach the five soldiers, slander the thief, and poison sting." Subsequently, Sun Simiao prescribed Many Chinese medicines to Lu Zhaolin and told him to take them on time.

Under Sun Simiao's medicinal treatment and discourse treatment, Lu Zhaolin's condition once improved. However, because Sun Simiao was the emperor's imperial physician and often traveled with the emperor, he could not systematically treat Lu Zhaolin. However, Sun Simiao repeatedly warned Lu Zhaolin that for diseases, we must be cautious and self-cherishing, but also have a fearful heart. The medical saint is really worthy of being a medical saint, and while he is conditioning Lu Zhaolin's illness, he also explains the way of dealing with people so clearly.

Later, Sun Simiao asked for retirement due to his old age and moved to Yuzhou, Henan. After Lu Zhaolin heard about it, he also moved to Mount Guci in Yuzhou, in order to facilitate the request for medical treatment from Sun Simiao. Lu Zhaolin's wind disease should be polio or leprosy according to the current parlance. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that "wind disease" is the pain or numbness of the limbs caused by the invasion of wind and cold, and people with this disease are not only thin and thin, but also accompanied by strange pain, coughing and hair falling. In severe cases, it may also be numb in the limbs, crooked facial features, muscle spasms and atrophy, and half of the body may not succeed. This is indeed a torturous disease.

If Lu Zhaolin "follows the doctor's instructions", plus medication, self-conditioning, the condition may gradually improve, or even heal. But he was "heart disease" more serious than "physical illness", and he was in deep sorrow and fear all day long. These are described in his Five Sorrows Text and The Interpretation of Diseases. For example, he said in the "Five Sorrows Text, Sorrowful and Poor": "The shape is dry and the tree is rugged, and the foot chat is curled up with a silk... Look at its top to collect flying dust, bury the snow, the skeleton is half dead, the flesh is extinct, the four branches are withered, and the facial features are lacking... Hairy and bald, no uncle's eyebrows; cold lips and teeth, with Zhang Yi's shy tongue. Look up and look at it, and look at it; lean down and move, and bend and want to fold. ”

The roof leaks in the rain. Just at this moment, an even greater disaster fell on Lu Zhaolin's head. Just when Lu Zhaolin was running around for treatment, his father died suddenly, and Lu Zhaolin was so sad that he cried and mourned, so that he vomited, and the medicine he took also vomited out, which made the disease more serious.

Life was difficult, and in desperation, Lu Zhaolin had to bow his arrogant head and beg for help from officials and celebrities. There were also many real people among those officials and celebrities, who "always provided clothes and medicines." But even this is a blow to Lu Zhaolin's personal personality. Lu Zhaolin was arrogant and arrogant, and regarded himself as high. As early as during his tenure in Xindu, he expressed to his colleagues the ambition and pursuit of maintaining an independent personality, pursuing high quality, and never bending the knee, "never stopping evil branches, not drinking stolen spring water." Often think of rice sorghum encounters, willing to perch on the plane tree. The wise man does not invite me, and the fool ignores it. So become independent, Geng Geng years and twilight.". However, the harshness of real life has forced him to lower his self-worth and ask for help everywhere. As a result, his inner pain will be even worse, and his mood will not be comfortable, which will naturally induce the aggravation of the disease.

Facing his sick body, Lu Zhaolin had a thousand thoughts. He once described his lofty ambitions in "The Journey of the Young Man", "The jade sword floats in the clouds, and the golden whip is bright and the moon bows." The cockfighter crossed the Weibei and walked towards the Kanto. Sun Bin is waiting for him, and Guo Xie is secretly connected. Not subject to the Thousand Golden Lords, who talk about the merits of ten thousand miles. The general went down to heaven and rode into the clouds." The poem also says: "Return to Xie Tianzi, how to be like a horse." He also wrote in the Four Songs of the History of Yong: "Fame hangs with the sun and the moon, and righteousness and heaven and earth." "The ideals of these young years have all turned into bubbles at this moment, and the years that have passed have gradually left themselves."

The miserable Lu Zhaolin spilled tears on the bed, the grief was hard to hide, and his heart was exhausted. Then, a news that made him even more desperate came: in 682 AD, the medical saint Sun Simiao died suddenly. After despair, Lu Zhaolin "bought dozens of acres of gardens" under the Guci Mountain, and asked someone to dredge the Yinghe River and dig a grave for himself. Before the people could leave, he lay in a panic and waited for the arrival of the god of death. This kind of mentality is really undesirable. Even if you face great suffering and blows, you should bear it strongly.

At this time, 10 years have passed since Lu Zhaolin began to suffer from wind disease. In the past 10 years, Lu Zhaolin has "spasmed in his hands and feet, and he has not been able to walk for ten years", and his mood has been depressed to the extreme. "Every spring returns to autumn solstice, the clouds and smoke the suburbs, and the public opinion goes out of the courtyard and looks at it leisurely." So he injured himself and composed the "Interpretation of Diseases". "Reading this article to this day, it still makes people cry. Lu Zhaolin said sadly in the text that the grace of heaven is widespread, but it is lamentable that I cannot tolerate this life; although the earth has nurtured a lot, its kindness to me has been severed in this life.

"Dead dead and dead now, how about being born and dying?"

"Turning over and over again is like a palm, and a lifetime is like a wheel of death."

Mourning is greater than death. In 683, in the midst of extreme grief and despair, Lu Zhaolin, a generation of talented people, endured the great grief in his heart and said goodbye to his family and relatives, and then turned around, jumped into the vast Yinghe River and committed suicide.

alack! The heart is higher than the sky and the life is thinner than paper. But we cannot force the ancients to be perfect, and their understanding of the meaning of life and the environment and era in which they live naturally have the limitations of their times and individuals. Life is a lifetime, things are difficult, success is not easy. But facing life positively should be our best choice, which is not only responsible for individual life, but also responsible for relatives and families, and at the same time responsible for society and the times.

Source: Wenshi Tiandi Author: Xie Yapeng