Xiaolan introduction
Linkage between the top and the bottom, work together, use archives to tell the story of the party, and fully serve the celebration of the centenary of the founding of the party, which is the propaganda tone of the comprehensive archives at all levels in the province in 2021. The "Ji Xiaolan" platform of the Provincial Archives has launched the province's "Party History Propaganda Broadcast" to display red treasures from all over the country and convey the voice of the archivists.
The content released today is recommended by the Chengde Municipal Archives:
Chen Jinghu hiked Moscow in search of a party organization
Get acquainted with Li Dazhao
Chen Jinghu, born in 1901, rehe Jianping people. In 1919, the May Fourth Movement broke out in Beijing. Soon spread to Tianjin, when Chen Jinghu was studying at Tianjin Zhili No. 1 Middle School. On May 6, Tianjin students held a meeting of student representatives of secondary schools and above at Beiyang University, calling on students to work together to save the country, and after the meeting, a patriotic organization such as the "Student National Salvation League" was established in Zhili No. 1 Middle School.
Chen Jing lake
On September 6, Comrade Li Dazhao organized the establishment of the "Xinsheng Society" in Tianjin, Chen Jinghu, Han Linfu, Yu Fangzhou, and others actively participated; during this period Chen Jinghu got to know Li Dazhao, and the following year the "Xinsheng Society" was changed to the "Marxist Research Society." Under the guidance of Li Dazhao and the influence of the "May Fourth" spirit, Chen Jinghu's ideological realm was greatly improved.
In 1922, Chen Jinghu was admitted to Nankai University in Tianjin with excellent results. During his time at school, Chen Jinghu studied while participating in social revolutionary activities. In 1923, he joined the Communist Party of China through the introduction of Li Dazhao, becoming one of the earliest Communist Party members in Rehe.
Experienced the first Kuomintang-Communist cooperation
In January 1924, with the help of the Comintern and the Communist Party of China, the First National Congress of the Chinese Kuomintang, chaired by Sun Yat-sen, was held in Guangzhou, and Chen Jinghu, Yu Fangzhou, and Yu Shude attended the congress as directly subordinate delegates. The congress adopted a declaration drafted by the Communists with anti-imperialism and anti-feudalism as the main content, and defined the three major policies of the United Russia, the United Communist Party, and the support of peasants and workers, and the Kuomintang and the Communist Party began their first cooperation. In March 1924, the Kuomintang Rehe Provincial Party Department was established in the former Sushun Mansion in Santiao Hutong, Nanyingzi Avenue, Chengde City, with Chen Jinghu and others as the executive members of the party department.
Chengde City Archives Collection: Shengjing Times, Kuomintang Congress Preview
In March 1925, the Central Northern District Committee decided to establish four parallel organizations in Rehe, Chahar, Suiyuan and Baotou, the Party Working Committee, to carry out the Party's underground work, and Chen Jinghu served as the head of the Rehe Working Committee of the CPC.
In May 1925, on the occasion of the sixth anniversary of the May Fourth Patriotic Movement, Chen Jinghu organized nearly a thousand students from primary and secondary schools and teachers' training in Chengde City to hold a commemorative meeting and demonstrate at the Chengde "Yanwu Hall" (now near the Chengde Railway Station).
Went to the Soviet Union in search of party organizations
On April 12, 1927, Chiang Kai-shek launched a counter-revolutionary coup that shocked China and foreign countries, and a large number of Communists were brutally killed. On April 28, the reactionary Fengzhi warlord Zhang Zuolin killed Li Dazhao and more than 20 other revolutionary pioneers, and the Kuomintang and Communist party organizations in Rehe were destroyed by the Fengzhi warlords, and the party leaders were forced to move to Tianjin, and the revolutionary struggle in Rehe turned to a low ebb.
From April 1928 to February 1929, with the approval of the CPC Central Committee, the Inner Mongolia Special Branch Committee, the Inner Mongolia Revolutionary Committee, and the Inner Mongolia Special Committee were established successively, which were responsible for guiding the work of the three special zones of Rehe, Suiyuan and Chahar. In June 1930, the Inner Monte Commission was destroyed by warlords. Chen Jinghu and Liu Gang, members of the Inner Monte Committee, lost contact with the party organization under the conditions of traffic congestion and extremely poor contact conditions.
Chengde City Archives Collection: Chen Jinghu Manuscript
In the face of the extremely grim situation, Chen Jinghu and Liu Gang were not intimidated, depressed and yielded. With the stoic and indomitable spirit of the Communists, they made an extraordinary decision: to trek through the endless Mongolian steppes, from Lake Baikal via Siberia to Moscow, the Soviet Union, and to try to get in touch with the Central Committee of the Communist Party through the Comintern. After more than two months of arduous trekking, the two of them endured all kinds of difficulties and dangers, and finally reached Moscow, the capital of the Soviet Union, in victory. With the enthusiastic help of the Communist International Organization, contact was made with the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in Shanghai. After a short rest, Chen Jinghu and Liu Gang immediately returned to China, and then Chen Jinghu went straight to Shanghai to report to the relevant responsible person of the CPC Central Committee and ask for instructions. In Shanghai, Comrade Kong Yuan, who is in charge of the work in the north of the CPC Central Committee, warmly received him and listened to a report on the work of the Inner Mongolia Committee. Kong Yuan briefed Comrade Chen Jinghu on the situation throughout the country, affirmed and encouraged them to brave hardships and dangers, persist in the spirit of working for the party, put forward the direction of future efforts, and on behalf of the CPC Central Committee authorized Chen Jinghu to rebuild the CPC Inner Mongolia Special Committee, and appointed Chen Jinghu as the provisional secretary of the INNER Mongolia Committee of the CPC, responsible for the party's work in Rehe, Chahar, and Suiyuan.
By the end of June 1931, the Inner Monte Committee of the Communist Party of China had reorganized and restored 6 county party departments (Weichang, Fengning, Chengde, Zhangjiakou, Chifeng, Suiyuan), with 33 party members; 2 flag party departments (Keshketeng Banner and Xigong Banner), with 7 party members. In addition, there are 4 special military branches with 29 party members. At the same time, the headquarters of the Inner Mongolia Revolutionary Youth League was also established, with 176 members.
The former site of the Jingoutun Conference
On October 2, 1931, a joint meeting of representatives of the county flag party organizations was held in Jingoutun, Luanping County, Rehe Province, and a new special committee was elected, and Chen Jinghu was elected secretary of the Inner Mongolia Special Committee, strengthening the party's leadership over the anti-Chiang Kai-shek anti-Japanese struggle in Inner Mongolia.
Undaunted by hardships and dangers, Chen Jinghu and Liu Gang went to the Soviet Union and Shanghai to find the party and wrote an unforgettable page in the history of the CPC's Rehe and Chengde histories.
(Chengde Municipal Archives, Zhang Jing, Zhang Xue)
Ji Xiaolan
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