The Three Emperors and Five Emperors of Daode, with the name of Xia Hou Shang Zhou. Qingshi has several lines of names and surnames, and countless barren hills in the north. Welcome to the Hundred Families of History, get close to historical figures, and feel the life of hundreds of families. In this issue, we introduce you to a generation of famous people - Wang Dao
Wang Dao was born in 276 AD and died in 339 AD, with the character Maohong, the small characters Chilong and Aaron. A native of Linyi County, Langyue County, which is today's Linyi City, Shandong Province. Politician and calligrapher of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Interjecting a digression, the famous calligrapher Wang Xizhi and Wang Dao are a family, carefully arranged, Wang Dao is Wang Xizhi's grandfather. Therefore, the reason why Wang Xizhi can become a generation of scholars is also because of his family's academic origins.
Wang was born in the Wei and Jin dynasty "Lang Evil Wang Clan". Here we should explain why we should first introduce Wang Dao's origin, which is closely related to many of his future political choices, and needs to be particularly colorfully laid out. In the era in which Wang Dao lived, his birth basically determined the future of his personal development. If you want to become an official, it is mainly based on your origin, and it is easier for the children of famous and prestigious families or eunuchs to become officials. During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, officials were selected and promoted by cao Pi, which consisted of a group of officials in each county who were specifically responsible for evaluating talents, called "Zhongzheng", and these Zhongzheng divided the talents of the county into nine grades. According to the principle of protecting officials and officials, the children of the general famous and prestigious families and the families of officials and eunuchs can easily be rated as superior, while the children of poor families are basically rated as inferior, and in the long run, it has caused a social phenomenon of "no cold door in the upper grade, no family in the lower grade". Of course, for their own interests, each clan has also established a close relationship of mutual benefit and reciprocity, and the Langya Wang clan represented by Wang Dao is one of the typical examples.
Wang Dao himself had a very good relationship with Sima Rui, the King of Langyue (that is, the Jin Yuan Emperor who later became the founding emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty), and could be regarded as a friend of the micro-hour. In the last years of the Western Jin Dynasty, due to the "Rebellion of the Eight Kings", the central power was constantly changing among the kings, and the Sima family killed each other very badly. But at that time, Sima Rui, the king of Langya, was not a powerful king, with no soldiers and no power, so he only had a bystander's share. In the face of increasing political turmoil, Wang judged the situation and constantly advised Sima Rui to go south of the Yangtze River to develop. Sima Rui very much agreed with Wang Dao's opinion. Later, taking advantage of an opportunity to transfer his position, Sima Rui took Wang Dao to move the town of Jianye, which is today's Nanjing garrison, and from then on completely broke away from the chaotic and turbulent situation in the north.
However, Sima Rui was not an imperial orthodoxy, and in detail, he was only Sima Yishu and did not have the qualifications to inherit the unification. In addition, jianye was previously the territory of the State of Wu, and at this time it was more than thirty years since the fall of the State of Wu, so the warriors of the State of Wu did not particularly identify with the Jin Dynasty, and the people's hearts were not particularly attached. Therefore, for a time, the warrior clans in the south did not recognize Sima Rui and did not obey Sima Rui's call. In this case, Wang Dao showed his clever means as a top politician, taking advantage of every opportunity to win over the southern warriors.
There is a story recorded in the "New Language of the World", which says that once Wang Dao went to Yangzhou to invite everyone to dinner, more than a hundred people were together, Wang Dao was all-encompassing, and everyone was very happy. At this time, Wang Dao suddenly found that in an inconspicuous corner, there were two people surnamed Ren and Hu who were not very happy. Wang Dao said to the representative of the Ren family, "If you come out of your hometown, there will be no talents there", and the representative of the Ren family listened to it and was happy in his heart. Then Wang Dao went to the Hu people's side and greeted them in the Hu dialect, and the Hu people laughed. Everyone was overjoyed. It can be seen that Wang Dao's extremely superb means of communication.
In addition, Wang Dao also deliberately maintained Sima Rui's position and thought of various ways to establish his majesty. A small incident is recorded in the "New Language of the World", one year and Three months, Sima Rui traveled, the carriages and horses were strict, quite majestic, and the royal style was revealed. Wang Dao and other officials followed Sima Rui in a disciplined manner, which further set off Sima Rui's prestige. This scene was seen by Ji Zhan and Gu Rong, two people of high prestige in Jiangnan, and they quickly prostrated their heads and bowed their heads in horror. From then on, the Southern Shi clan began to gradually accept Sima Rui and came out one after another to do things under his hands.
In addition, Wang Dao also helped Sima Rui to mediate the conflict with the northern and southern warriors, he let the northern warriors go to the imperial court as officials, let the southern warriors go to the local officials, he protected the original land of the southern warriors, and let the northern warriors reclaim the land without owners. All in all, Wang Dao played an important role in uniting everyone during this period, and became the leader of the shi clan by virtue of his excellent qualities.
Later, the Western Jin Dynasty fell, and Sima Rui ascended the throne as emperor, known as the Jin Yuan Emperor. It is said that on the day of his ascension to the throne, Sima Rui invited Wang Dao to sit on the imperial bed with him to accept the worship of hundreds of officials, and Wang Dao repeatedly refused to be afraid to be. Like all teams, the duo of Sima Rui and Wang Dao gradually came out of the honeymoon period and began to fight among themselves. The main reason is nothing else, but the struggle for power. After the establishment of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the personnel of the Wang family basically occupied an important position, and Wang Dao served as the prime minister in the imperial court. Instead of from the brother Wang Dun one inside and one outside, forming a pattern of "king and horse, sharing the world".
Sima Rui became worried, thinking that the power of the Wang family was too great in the world of the Sima family, so he wanted to weaken the power of the Wang family. As a result, Wang Dun was not satisfied, led his troops to rebel, fought all the way to the root of the imperial city, and killed several important officials appointed by Sima Rui, forcing Sima Rui to quickly apologize to Wang Dun, saying: "Wang Dun, I don't know if you want to be emperor? If you want to be, you said it earlier, I let you finish? When Wang Dun killed the officials in the imperial court who opposed the Wang family, Wang Dao was silent, and even abandoned his good friend Zhou Boren, who had once saved him. It turned out that Zhou Boren had pleaded with Sima Rui to Wang Dao when Wang Dun was in turmoil, and asked Sima Rui not to take Wang Dao's knife. However, Wang Dao mistakenly thought that Zhou Boren did not intercede for him, so he remained silent when Wang Dun wanted to kill Zhou Boren. Later, Wang Dao discovered Zhou Boren's intercession for him, and was very emotional, leaving behind a famous sentence throughout the ages: "I will not kill Boren, Boren died because of me." However, Wang Dao also knew that the Wang family did not have the capital to replace the Sima family as emperor. But even so, Sima Rui still died of anger, and the original words in the history books were "death of sorrow and anger". Before Sima Rui died, he still handed over the burden of the auxiliary state to Wang Dao, which was a complicated and helpless decision.
Throughout Wang Dao's life, his starting point has always been to safeguard the interests of the Wang family, on this basis, he has done a lot of work to maintain the situation and unite people's hearts, objectively maintain the stability of the people on one side, and, under the turbulent situation of the "Five Hu Chaohua" in the north, he has played a positive role in the spread of the Flame of Chinese culture in the southern region.
In the fifth year of Xiankang (339), Wang Dao died. Emperor Cheng mourned in the court and sent envoys to posthumously "literature". The funeral specifications are the same as Huo Guang and Sima Fu, and they are the most famous courtiers in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
Well, today's generation of famous ministers - Wang Dao, we will talk about this, thank you. Welcome to search and follow today's headlines, WeChat public account, Himalaya "Historical Hundred Family Ancestral Hall".