In China, there is a very famous couplet, the upper link is "bitter hearted people, the sky does not bear the burden, lying down to taste the guts, three thousand Yue Jia can swallow Wu", the lower link is "those who have aspirations, things are accomplished, the cauldron is broken, and the hundred and two Qin Guans belong to Chu in the end". The upper link tells the story of "The King of Yue's Gou and Broke Wu Gui", and the lower link tells the story of "Although Chu has three households, the death of Qin will be Chu", a good story, a good meaning makes this couplet widely known. After Pu Songling fell in the first place, this self-encouragement alliance also achieved a positive image of yue wang gou jian in the history of inspirational model.
But history is always two-sided, and when people see one aspect of it, it must also hide another, little-known. As an inspirational example of Yue Wang Gou Jian, he is also a veteran of unloading donkeys and crossing rivers and demolishing bridges. After he destroyed Wu Xingyue, he immediately killed fan li and Wen Chuang, two heavy ministers who had assisted him in his plot to achieve great things, and as a result, Wen Chuang died and Fan Li was spared.
The logic is not complicated, but what we call uncomplicated is because we are all hindsight. Everything, the authorities are obsessed with bystanders, and we stand outside the circle thousands of years later, and naturally we can see all this. It is precisely because of this that Fan Li, as an authority, can always stay sober and make the most suitable choice for himself, which is particularly valuable.
We still have a sentence at the moment "having a degree is not equal to having culture, having culture is not equal to having cultivation", to extend this sentence a little, that is, "people with high achievements are not necessarily really smart, smart people are not necessarily wise", today I will use Fan Li to discuss with you what is really smart? What is true wisdom?
<h1 class="pgc-h-decimal" data-index="01" > Why did Yue Wang Gou Jian kill the hero Fan Li and Wen Zong? </h1>
The story of Yue Wang's practice of "lying on the salary and tasting the guts" is too familiar in China, so it will not be described in detail. This article mainly analyzes the mentality of the characters after success from the perspective of human nature, and explains why Gou Jian, after pretending to be crazy and selling stupidity every day, lying down and tasting the humiliation of the burden, finally took the opportunity to "turn over the salted fish" to destroy the Wu Kingdom, and was able to restore the country and rejuvenate the country and dominate for one side, and he couldn't wait to do something to his left arm?
As we all know, the reason why Yue Wang Gou Jian was able to complete such a great historical reversal, in addition to Gou Jian himself being able to endure what ordinary people could not tolerate, mainly due to the assistance of two important courtiers, one was Fan Li, who was respected as a "Shang Sheng" for posterity, and the other was a famous strategist wen in the late Spring and Autumn Period. This "iron triangle" relationship suddenly falls apart, in addition to making people a little emotionally and morally confused, in fact, the logic behind it has always been naked and hard.
Let's summarize the direct causes of the surface of the matter, there are roughly three points:
1. In fact, it is the infinite emotion of the later Generation when Han Xin was placed under house arrest by Liu Bang - "The birds are exhausted, the good bow is hidden; the cunning rabbit dies, the lackey cooks; the enemy country is broken, and the plotter is killed." ”
2, in fact, it is what later generations called "hedgehog philosophy", hedgehogs can not get too close, in more fashionable words is "because you know too much". Historia. Yue Wang Gou Jian Shi Jia mentions: "Fan Li has worked hard and conspired with Gou Jian for more than twenty years", that is, Wen Zhong and Fan Li are the closest people around Yue Wang Gou Jian at the beginning, and those things that others may not know and make Gou Jian feel very faceless, they all know. For example, in the Wu kingdom, the couple pulled a horse and led a car, carried firewood to make a fire, cooked and washed, and tasted fecal diseases... Yue Wang's gouge had a strong motive to kill people and kill people.
3, in fact, it can still be applied to the current human sentiment that "husband and wife can only share hardships and hardships and are difficult to be rich and noble" many times, and the same is true of monarchs and courtiers. In the words of Fan Li's evaluation of Gou Jian, "The Yue King is a long-necked bird beak, and can share hardships with him, but not with shared pleasures." ”
Combined with the above three points, we can find that in fact, throughout the ages, the logic of emperors killing heroes is generally not very complicated. At least the three reasons why he wanted to kill Fan Li and Wen Zi were very popular and superficial. Why? Because practicing this kind of psychology and logic is the human gene of most people, it is not uncommon.
In order not to say that human nature is too ugly, I will only make a simple analysis of human nature in the above three points:
The first point is actually about the concept of "sharing". What is the hardest thing for people to share with people? Definitely what we care about, such as our wealth, status, and feelings! What is the most willing thing to share with people? It's the things you don't care about at all or the things you care about but don't have yet. The emphasis on such a promise as "Gou rich and noble, do not forget each other" lies in the word "Gou", because this is a promise made when a person is not rich and noble, and it cannot be taken seriously. Therefore, we should not believe too much in those innocent vows in life, and innocent vows will only look beautiful if they become reality. It makes sense why the first sentence in a marriage vow is "rich or poor." Therefore, I advise everyone to transfer the energy of resentment against the "colored glasses" in the world to the gratitude for the "good beginning and good end" in life! Gou Jian is a staunch avenger, a person whose heart has been filled with hatred for a long time will not be truly grateful, he pursues a kind of "self-centered" pleasure, power and status is exactly what he cares about the most, so it is impossible to expect such a person to share the glory and wealth with you.
The second point is actually about a "face" problem. Our society is always talking about the pursuit of inner peace, to be calm, but most people can't do it. Because most people are good-looking. There are only two kinds of people who don't care about face: one is that the difficulties of life make it impossible for him to talk about face; the other is a person who is truly rich in his heart and has face everywhere. Among these two extremes, they are people who fly and dog for the sake of face and vanity. Therefore, we all like to preach our own nobility and cover up our ugliness; we all like to show off our wealth and forget our poverty; we all like to dress up our own insights and ignore our short-sightedness... Most people who wear new clothes are for beauty to show to others, and most people who want to hide their pain are not really forgotten. Once you have transformed from an unclothed loser into a domineering overlord, the first thing to do is to force yourself and others to "forget" those unforgettable past events, typical upstart logic.
The third point is actually about a "stake" approach. Although this point has a lot to do with everyone's personality, such as Gou Jian is a person with a thin nature. But from the universal level of society and human nature, this is the nature of human nature to "seek benefits and avoid harms". Let's take a few examples, why did Li Shimin's family in the Tang Dynasty, before unifying the world, be able to achieve fatherly kindness and filial piety, brothers, friends and brothers, and when it came to living a good life, they had to live a good life? In our real life, is the relationship between partners or colleagues of a start-up company more harmonious and cohesive than that of partners or colleagues of a listed company? When Gou Jian is "lying down and tasting his guts", he needs Fan Li and Wen Zi to accompany and help him run to his dreams, and Wen Li and Fan Li also need to prove their strength and value through him, and they have common interests. However, when the gouge really became the hegemon, their original interest relationship became a contradiction and conflict. Gou Jian believes that killing them is the most direct and effective way to balance the "stakes".
To sum up, in fact, people who are well versed in human nature will not be surprised at all about the question of why they killed Wen Zhi and Fan Li.
<h1 class="pgc-h-decimal" data-index="02" >Why does the language have to die Fan Li can live? </h1>
Both Fan Li and Wen Zi defected to the Yue King because they could not be reused in the Chu State. Through decades of forbearance and planning, tenacity and hard work, they finally helped to turn defeat into victory and become famous in one fell swoop. It can be said that the counterattack of Gou Jian is not only the success of Gou Jian and Yue Guo, to some extent, it is also the self-proof of Wen Zi and Fan Li. It turns out that they are not only so-called smart people, but also people with real talent and practical learning.
But why do two equally intelligent and talented people end up with very different fates? Why do you go to a very different life destination? In the final analysis, it lies in the difference in the understanding and grasp of human nature between the two people, and it is also caused by the gap between the two people's cognition of "great wisdom".
Let's take a look at how Wen Tzu died! Language (?) –472 BC), along with Fan Li, assisted the famous statesman and strategist who achieved hegemony, and taught him the "Seven Techniques of Breaking Wu" (also known as the "Nine Arts" in the Eastern Han Dynasty Yuan Kang's Compilation of the Book of YueJie):
The first is to donate money to please his courtiers; the second is to enrich his courtiers with a treasure to inflate his accumulation; the third is to leave behind beautiful women to confuse his heart; the fourth is to leave behind the skillful craftsmanship and good materials to make the palace room exhaust his wealth; the fifth is to make the courtiers of the relics chaotic; the sixth is to make the courtiers of Xinjiang commit suicide to weaken their auxiliaries; and the seventh is to accumulate wealth and train troops to inherit their shortcomings.
How powerful is the "Seven Techniques of Breaking Wu" practiced by the Yue King? It is said that Gou Jian used only three of these moves to successfully take revenge, in the original words of Gou Jian: "The son teaches the widow to cut down the seven techniques of Wu, and the widow uses three to defeat Wu."
In other words, Wen Zhong is a very good person. However, a cattle man always carries a double-edged sword, because since you help others succeed, you are a threat. This kind of threat is intolerable to successful people who "allow others to snore on the side of the bed", so after hooking up on the throne, they will fiercely force the language to death.
The son taught the widow to cut down the seven techniques of Wu, and the widow used three of them to defeat Wu. The fourth is in the Son, and the Son tries for me from the first king.
Life and history are like this, and there is never a need for a reason to do bad things, because you can find a "grandiose" reason at will! It is precisely because of this that those good people and good deeds seem so precious, because they are all confirmed by psychological struggle and reason. In short, wenzhong was so confused and killed.
Did Wen Zhong die unjustly? injustice! After all, he has merit to the country and grace to practice, which is a matter of morality and justice! After all, he himself does not know himself, nor does he understand his opponents, this is a matter of humanity and wisdom.
On the contrary, fan Li saw that the situation was not right, the things that should be lost were immediately lost, and when it was time to run, he ran immediately, without nostalgia or hesitation, and he was much smarter than the language in terms of transparency and freedom. When we look at history, those who, in order to run faster when fleeing for their lives, do not hesitate to throw away all the treasures that have weight on their bodies, are worthy of our consideration. On the contrary, those who are obviously going to escape for their lives and are reluctant to be around the big bags and small bags are often difficult to become a climate in the end.
In fact, when Fan Li returned to the hidden mountain forest, he also wrote a letter to advise Wen Zhi, telling him that Gou Jian was not a good person, and that no matter how important the glory and wealth were, they were not as important as their own lives, so hurry up! But no good word of gold and jade can beat a sentence of "I don't believe", and Wen Zhong thinks that he is cheating on what? The merits on the medal are half of his and half of mine, and I have not made any mistakes, so why should I be deprived of the right to enjoy the fruits of victory? He did not believe that Gou Jian was a completely unreasonable person, and still chose to continue to stay by the side of Yue Wang Gou Jian.
The result is the last thing we see, the language is dead, and Fan Li continues to run free. The most fundamental reason for this is that Fan Li and Wen Zhong have different understandings of life and human nature, different choices, and finally lead to different fates. Fan Li knew what it meant to "have a sacrifice to get", but the language was "heavy and unrelenting".
<h1 class="pgc-h-decimal" data-index="03" what is fan li's great wisdom >? </h1>
Fan Li (536 BC - 448 BC), after helping Gou Jian achieve hegemony, was made a general for his high merits, and just when his political future saw that he could shine in the world, he suddenly put down all the good things in front of him and retreated in a hurry, directly asked The King of Yue to resign, returned to the jianghu and changed his name to "Yi Yi Zi Pi", and then lived a leisurely life with "the sun and the moon as friends, the mountains and rivers as friends", often wandering between the seventy-two peaks. During these days, Fan Li became extremely rich three times because of his business, but after each time he became rich and became famous, he once scattered his family wealth three times to be good to his neighbors.
Fan Li floated out of the sea, changed his name, called himself a bird yizi skin, cultivated on the seashore, worked hard, and the father and son ruled the birth. There is no geometry, hundreds of thousands of assets. The Qi people smelled his sage and thought it was a picture. Fan Li sighed: "The home is a thousand gold, and the official is the Qing Xiang, and the cloth is also the extreme." Long-respected, ominous. "It is to return to the seal, to scatter their wealth, to share with the party of the friends, and to carry their treasures, to go between them, to stop at the pottery, thinking that in this world, there is no way to trade, and to make a living can be rich." So he called himself Tao Zhugong. The covenant was renewed to ask fathers and sons to cultivate livestock, abolish dwellings, and change things when the time came, titheing one by one. If there is nothing to live in, it will cause tens of thousands of dollars. The world is called Tao Zhugong.
This passage concisely introduces Fan Li's colorful life, and also vividly shows Fan Li's unfathomable wisdom of life. This is not an over-interpretation, and in history, only a few people such as Zhang Liang can deeply grasp the essence of Fan Li's wisdom. So, what are the aspects of Fan Li's great wisdom? Due to space limitations, this article will only select a few of the most important points to elaborate.
First, self-knowledge. These two words are very simple and clear, but many people have never understood them in their lifetime. In fact, it is not that many people do not understand the importance of these two words, but it is difficult to rationally adhere to these two words. Many people may know what they want, such as literature and practice, but this kind of person is not really self-aware. A person must not only know what he wants, but also know how to choose and choose at certain crossroads, which is true self-knowledge. Forcibly possessing and attaching to things that are not within one's own ability is actually a loss. Fan Li's most valuable thing is that he knows his location, environment and ability at any time, so he can always make the right choice to match. For example, when Qi Guo admired his name and hired him as a minister, he said: "At home, it will give thousands of gold, and the officials will be the secretary of state, and this cloth is also extreme." Long-respected, ominous. ”
Second, be at ease. Many truths are actually not complicated, and there will not be very few people who think and think clearly, but there are often not many people who can live freely. It's not that they can't think of it, it's that they can't do it. Chinese history has been a society with a large population sample throughout the dynasties, and there has never been a shortage of so-called smart people, but some smart people have indulged in his cleverness and success and can no longer get out. For example, wenzhuang, he is not necessarily as smart and talented as Fan Li, but he has too much obsession, he can't laugh at the clouds and clouds, idle listening to the flowers blossoming and falling, he and Fan Li are actually pursuing "get", but he can only see "get", and Fan Li has done a real ease between "she" and "get", and finally can really "get". This is the so-called "one piece of relaxation, the way of culture and martial arts", the reason is very simple, tension has a degree, but a leaf is blind to Tarzan, many people can not do it.
Third, self-sufficiency. This word is better understood, because many people at the moment put "contentment" on their lips. However, if we pay a little attention, we can find that the word has changed a lot of times, sometimes it is the successful people who use to release their own clouds, and sometimes the losers use to comfort themselves. What is true contentment? It was Fan Li who first proved that I could become an official, but I would not become an official for the sake of being an official; I also proved that I could do business, but I did not do business for the pure accumulation of wealth; this self-sufficiency was based on the ability to strengthen myself, and it was also supported by a self-confident spirit, and it was also guaranteed by a feeling of self-pleasure. People who can live every life well with peace of mind are truly contented, and contentment is not the same as being content with the status quo, let alone escaping from reality.
In fact, there are many more wisdoms about life in Fan Li,000, and it is actually useless to talk too much about it, because people who can understand it can touch the bypass. Those who cannot understand it, I just list it in great detail, and it will not help. Later generations praised Fan Li as "loyal to the country; wisdom to protect the body; business to get rich, to become famous in the world", I think Fan Li is well-deserved.
The words of Fan Li, "It is difficult to live under the daimyo for a long time" and "it is ominous to be respected for a long time", are also worth our repeated chewing and careful reminiscence. A lot of wisdom of life not only exists in the words of historical celebrities such as Fan Li, but also in some small links of our lives, and the key lies in whether we are willing to face it and think about it.
The most fundamental point of the great wisdom that Fan Li brings to us is that at any time, we do not want the environment to blur our thoughts, but to remain sober and rational to face the changes in the environment!